The Arabic Versions of the Gospels: The Manuscripts and their Families

776 Pages·2011·8.721 MB·English

by  Hikmat Kashouh

Hikmat Kashouh
The Arabic Versions of the Gospels
Arbeiten zur
Neutestamentlichen Textforschung
Herausgegeben im Auftrag des
Instituts für Neutestamentliche Textforschung der Westfälischen
Wilhelms-Universität Münster/Westfalen
von David C. Parker und Holger Strutwolf
Band 42
De Gruyter
Hikmat Kashouh
The Arabic Versions of the Gospels
The Manuscripts and their Families
De Gruyter
ISBN 978-3-11-022858-8
e-ISBN 978-3-11-022859-5
ISSN 0570-5509
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Kashouh,Hikmat.
TheArabicversionsofthegospels:themanuscriptsandtheirfamilies/
HikmatKashouh.
p.cm.-(ArbeitenzurneutestamentichenTextforschung;Band42)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-3-11-022858-8(hardcover23(cid:2)15,5:alk.paper)
1.Bible.N.T.GospelsArabic-Versions. 2.Bible.N.T.Gospels-
Criticism, Textual. 3. Bible. N.T. Gospels - Translating. 4. Manu-
scripts,Arabic. I.Title.
BS2555.52.K37 2011
2261.05927-dc23
2011035051
BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek
TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie;
detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternetathttp://dnb.d-nb.de.
(cid:2)2012WalterdeGruyterGmbH&Co.KG,Berlin/Boston
Printing:Hubert&Co.GmbH&Co.KG,Göttingen
(cid:3)Printedonacid-freepaper
PrintedinGermany
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For Krista
my love and companion,
For Markus, Betine, and Daniella
my life and joy

Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................... 1
1.1. Introduction .................................................................................... 1
1.2. The Scope of this Book ................................................................. 1
1.3. The Limitations of this Book ...................................................... 2
1.3.1. The Limitations in Grouping the Manuscripts .................... 3
1.3.2. Textual Limitations ....................................................................... 4
1.3.3. Linguistic Limitations .................................................................. 6
1.3.4. Other Limitations .......................................................................... 8
2. The Continuous Text of the Arabic Gospel
Manuscripts: The State of Research (1849—2004) ............... 9
2.1. Introduction .................................................................................... 9
2.2. From Tischendorf to Lagarde: (1849—1865) ......................... 10
2.3. Ignazio Guidi (1888) ..................................................................... 12
2.4. A Series of Articles on the AGM (1893—1925) ..................... 14
2.5. A Critical Assessment of Anton Baumstark’s
Contributions (1931—1935) ........................................................ 17
2.5.1. Introduction .................................................................................... 17
2.5.2. The Rubrications of the AGM .................................................... 18
2.5.3. The Missionary Work in Arabia ............................................... 19
2.5.4. Biblical Citations In Islamic Writings ...................................... 20
2.6. Bernhard Levin and C. E. Padwick (1938—1939) ................ 21
2.7. The Contribution of Georg Graf (1944) .................................. 22
2.7.1. Introduction .................................................................................... 22
2.7.2. The Layout of Graf’s Work ......................................................... 23
2.7.3. The Limitation of Graf’s Research ............................................ 24
2.8. Vööbus, Blau, and ‘Atiya (1954—1967) .................................. 25
2.8.1. Arthur Vööbus (1954) .................................................................. 25
2.8.2. Joshua Blau (1962—1973) ............................................................ 26
2.8.3. Aziz S. ‘Atiya (1967) ..................................................................... 27
2.9. The Modern Period (1977—2004) ............................................. 28
2.9.1. B.M. Metzger (1977) ...................................................................... 28
2.9.2. A.G. Garland (1978) ...................................................................... 29
2.9.3. Sidney H. Griffith (1983) ............................................................. 30
2.9.4. Samir K. Samir (1992) ................................................................... 31
VIII Contents
2.9.5. Samir Arbache (1994) ................................................................... 32
2.9.6. Jean Valentin (2003) ...................................................................... 33
2.10. General Conclusions .................................................................... 33
2.10.1. The Vorlagen of the Manuscripts ............................................. 33
2.10.2. The Dating of the First Translations of the Gospels ........... 34
2.10.3. Classification of the Manuscripts ............................................. 35
2.10.4. Steps Towards the Study of the AGM .................................... 36
3. An Abridged List of the Arabic Gospel Manuscripts ........ 38
3.1. The Problem of Finding and Cataloguing
Arabic Christian Literature ........................................................ 38
3.2. The Make Up of ALAGM and its Limitations ...................... 39
3.3. The Location of the Manuscripts .............................................. 40
3.4. The Contents of the Manuscripts ............................................. 41
3.5. The Dating of the Manuscripts ................................................. 41
3.6. The Material of the Manuscripts .............................................. 42
3.7. The Lines per Page ........................................................................ 42
3.8. The Number of Folios .................................................................. 42
3.9. The Size of Folio ............................................................................. 43
3.10. The Size of the Written Surface ................................................. 43
3.11. The Bibliographical Reference ................................................... 43
3.12. The Manuscripts in Italy, France, Lebanon
and Mount Sinai ............................................................................ 44
3.12.1. The Manuscripts in Italy ............................................................. 44
3.12.2. The Manuscripts in France ......................................................... 44
3.12.3. The Manuscripts in Lebanon ..................................................... 44
3.12.4. The Manuscripts in Sinai and Jerusalem ................................ 45
3.13. The ALAGM ................................................................................... 45
3.13.1. The ALAGM ................................................................................... 46
3.13.2. General Observations about the Manuscripts
and their Description in ALAGM ............................................ 78
3.14. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 81
4. The Grouping of Arabic Gospel Manuscripts of
Greek Vorlagen ................................................................................ 82
4.1. Preliminary Remarks on the Grouping and
Vorlagen of the AGM ................................................................... 82
4.2. Methodology of Grouping the Manuscripts ......................... 84
4.3. Family A: Translated from Greek Showing Little
or No Syriac Influence ................................................................. 86
4.3.1. A Table of the Manuscripts of Family A ................................ 86
4.3.2. A Description of the Representative Manuscript ................ 87
4.3.3. A Critical Apparatus of the Eight Test Passages ................. 89
Contents IX
4.3.4. The Collation of Leipzig, University Library,
Cod. Tischend. XXXI (Or. 1059a)
and Sinai, Harris 9 ......................................................................... 89
4.3.5. General Remarks about the Various Witnesses
of Family A ...................................................................................... 93
4.3.6. The Vorlage of Family A ............................................................. 94
4.3.7. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 96
4.4. Family B: Translated from Greek Showing
Occasional Syriac Influence Especially in the
Gospel of Matthew ........................................................................ 96
4.4.1. General Introduction .................................................................... 96
4.4.2. Table of Manuscripts of Family B ............................................ 97
4.4.3. A Description of Sinai, Ar. N.F. Parch 8 and 28 ................... 97
4.4.4. The Eight Test Passages of Family B ....................................... 100
4.4.5. The Vorlage of the Gospel of Luke in Sinai,
Ar. N.F. Parch. 8 and 28 ............................................................... 101
4.4.6. A Textual Study in the Gospel of Luke .................................. 106
4.4.7. An Assessment of the Critical Apparatus ............................. 107
4.4.8. The Text-Type of the Vorlage of the Gospel of
Luke in CSA .................................................................................... 111
4.4.9. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 111
4.5. Family C: Translated from Greek Showing
Occasional Syriac Influence ....................................................... 112
4.5.1. Introduction to Family C ............................................................. 112
4.5.2. Table of Manuscripts of Family C ............................................ 114
4.5.3. A Description of Codex C1 ......................................................... 115
4.5.4. A Critical Apparatus of the Eight Test Passages ................. 115
4.5.5. The Vorlage of Family C ............................................................. 116
4.5.6. General Conclusion with Respect to Family C .................... 121
5. The Grouping of Arabic Gospel Manuscripts of
Syriac Vorlagen ................................................................................ 123
5.1. AGM of Syriac Vorlagen Showing No Greek Influence .... 123
5.1.1. Family D of Peshitta Origin ....................................................... 123
5.1.2. Family E of Peshitta Origin ........................................................ 125
5.1.3. Family F of Peshitta Origin ........................................................ 128
5.1.4. Family G of Peshitta Origin ....................................................... 130
5.1.5. Family H of Peshitta Origin ....................................................... 142
5.1.6. Family I of Harklean Origin ....................................................... 171
5.2. AGM of Syriac Vorlagen Showing Greek Influence:
Family J ............................................................................................. 173
5.2.1. Subgroup Ja ..................................................................................... 173
5.2.2. Subgroup Jb ..................................................................................... 185
X Contents
5.2.3. Subgroup Jc ..................................................................................... 195
5.2.4. The Relationship between the Three Subgroups:
Ja, Jb and Jc ...................................................................................... 200
5.2.5. The Vorlage of Family J ............................................................... 203
5.2.6. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 204
6. The Grouping of the Alexandrian Vulgate
Manuscripts (Family K): The Arabic Vulgate ....................... 205
6.1. Introduction to the “Alexandrian Vulgate”:
A Historical Survey ...................................................................... 205
6.2. The Witnesses of Family K ......................................................... 207
6.3. Table with the Manuscripts under Investigation ................ 208
6.4. The Collation of Family K and the Relationship
between the Witnesses ................................................................. 214
6.4.1. Introduction .................................................................................... 214
6.4.2. The Relationship between the Witnesses of Family K ....... 214
6.4.3. Definition of the Valuable Variants ......................................... 215
6.4.4. The Tables with the Variants ..................................................... 217
6.4.5. General Conclusion ...................................................................... 224
6.4.6. Unit-Variations Versus Greek, Syriac, Coptic
and Latin Vorlagen ....................................................................... 237
6.4.7. The Unit-Variations Versus other
Arabic Translations of the Gospels .......................................... 249
6.5. Additional Lists of Manuscripts of Family K ....................... 250
6.5.1. Manuscripts from the Coptic Museum in Cairo .................. 250
6.5.2. Manuscripts from the Coptic Patriarchate in Cairo ............ 251
6.5.3. Miscellaneous Manuscripts ........................................................ 252
6.6. The Vorlage(n) of Family K .......................................................... 253
6.6.1. Introduction ........................................................................ 253
6.6.2. An Assessment of the Textual Variants of Sinai,
Ar. 101 ............................................................................................... 255
6.7. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 257
7. The Grouping Of Arabic Gospel Manuscripts of Coptic,
Latin and Mixture Vorlagen, and Manuscripts
edited from Arabic Lectionaries ............................................... 258
7.1. Family L: Otherwise Known as
Al-As‘ad Ibn Al-‘Ass(cid:172)l’s Version ............................................. 258
7.1.1. Introduction to the Witnesses of Family L ............................ 258
7.1.2. A Table of the Witnesses of Family L ...................................... 260
7.1.3. A Description of the Translation Technique in
Ibn Al-‘Ass(cid:172)l’s Version, with a Focus on
Codex BL, Or. 3382 ....................................................................... 261