The anthropology of experience PDF
Preview The anthropology of experience
THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF EXPERIENCE .•++ EDITED BY VICTOR W.T URNER AND EDWARD M. BRUNER .•++ WITH AN EPILOGUE BY CLIFFORD GEERTZ UNVIERSIYT OFI LLIONISP RESS URBANAAN DC HICAGO Firpsatp erebdaictk1i 9o8n6, 198b6yt hBeo arodfT rustoefte hsUe n iverosfIi ltlyi nois © Manaucftuirnet dhU en iedtS tatoefA sm erica To Vica ndB arbara P109876 Thibso iopskr inotnae cdi dplarpeeer. LbiraorfyC onegsrCsa taloignPi unbgl icDaattiao n Maienn turnyd teirt le: Thea nthropoolfeo xgpye rience. Incluidnedse x. Ethonlogy-Philosopheys-sAadlydesrc,ets usreess,. 2.\E. t honlogy-Meotghyo-dAodldreessssealsye,sc ,t ures. 3.S ymbo-lAidsdmresessessa,ly esc,t u4r.He usm.ai nties -Mehtodoglyo-Addsrseeess,s alyesc,t u5r.Ee xsp.e rience -Addresessessal,ye sc,t urTeusr.n,V e irctWoirt ter. IIB.r unEedrw,a rMd. 1. GN345.A15988 6 306'.018 51-200 ISB0N- 25224-90-16 Digitarlelpyr inftroedm thes ixtpha perbapcrki nting - Contents INTRODUCTION ExperiaenndIsc tE ex pressions 3 1. EDWARD M. BRUNER PARTO NE:T heC oncoefpE tx perience 2.D eewyD,i lyt,ah nedD ram:Aa nE ssiany 33 thAen trhopoloofEg xyp erience VICTOR TURNER W. 3.O rdiyna anrdE xtraorEdxipnearriye nce 45 ROGER D.A BRAHAMS 4.R eflexaisvE ivtouylt iionTn h oreuaalud'esn 73 FREDERICKT URNER PARTT WO:N arirvaet 5.I olngHoutn itngS taosar nydE xperience 97 RENATO ROSALDO 6. EtnhograapsNh ayr rative 193 EDWARD M. BRUNER PARTT HREE:I mages 7.T heA rgumoefIn tma geasn dt hEex perioefn ce Returtnoit hnWegh ole 159 JAMES FERNANDEZ w. 8.P eorrfmanacnedt hSet ructoufMr eianngi ng andEx perience 188 BRUCE KAPFERER -- PARTF OUR:R eflexivity 9.P laayn dt hPer oblofeK mn owiinnHg a mlet: AnE xcurisnitIootnn e rprAenttrihovpeo logy 207 PHYLLISG ORFAIN 10.S ymboSlysl,pa hnsSd,i wAal:l egorical Machinientr hiTeeex sto fB aliCnuelsteu re 239 JAMES A.B OON II. "LiefN otD eaitnhV enic:e " It sS ecoLniedf 261 Introduction BARBARA MYERHOFF PARTF VIE:E nactments 12.P atroannaCdgo en tirno l thTern iidCaadr nival 289 JOHN STEWART ModelSeedl vHeesl:Ce ondr ero's 13. "LiltetP epole" 316 BARBARAA .B ABCOCK 14.M agnitoufPd eeorsrf mance 344 RICHARDS CHECHNER EPIOLGUE 1.5 MakiEnxgp eriAeuntcheo,Sr eilnvge s 373 CLIFFORDG EERTZ NotoensC otnriobrust 381 Idnex 385 po 1 Experience and It sE xpersisosn EDWARDM .B RUNER VictTourrn epra ssaewda iynD ecem1b9e8rw3 h,i lev outlmhei s wass tiinlp lr ocoefps rse aptair.o nTihdeef raot hciosl leocft ion essaayrsoa stea s ymposointu hmae n tohproloofge yx perience, organbiyzV eiodcr tB,a rbMayreaor fhafn,md e f,ro t hAem erican AntohproloAgiscsaolc iaantniuomanel e tiinn1 g89 0. oAftl hle particiintp haseny tmsp osciounmt ripbaupteerdsa ,d daintdi onal contribwuetriseoo nlsi cfoirmtJ eadm eFse rnanFdreezd,e rick Turn,ea rndP hylGloirasfi tnor ouonudt vtohleub myae d dian g humanipsetriscp eacntdi tvoaeu ocfhh umaniices ltegaSnucbe. seque,V nitoclrtya ndI usetdh mea nuscarsti hpbeta sfiros gradusaetmaeir nast Utnhiev eorfVs iirtgyai nndi aU tnhiev ersity ofI ilnloaiffosr,d iunsag d ditoipopnoarlt utnoti htiitnehksr ough keiys s.uC elosirfGdfe erwthzoh, a bde eand iscuastts haAenA tA symspiouamg,r eteoid n ocrporhaitse comamnedrn etflse ctions ont hperj oceti na ne pileo.g u Thefro mulaotfi oaannn t hropoofel xopgeyr bieelnocnetg oe d VictTourrn eHre.w roitned epenodne ntthleyi n1t 9o8pa2in cd mosotf u sv iewa sai ct ontinuoafh tiilseoi lnfo "nergb ellion agaisntsrtur cautln-ucftioorntadhloox yw,i tiht csl osed static modeolfs ocsiyals te(maBsb"c o1c9k8 4):W.4e 6 a2lsnoo thei s regcnoitiinto hne 1l79a0ttseh aatnh torpolwoags"yw ihterionng thset ruacltivusnirte" , altuhgohh ea cknowltehdegne dtt hhea t "neo-Kasnttoi[ramhdn a] a lmoasbtad t.eF"o Tru rn,eh rowever, tei mmediiantsaept iirfoorna na ntohproloofge yx perideence � nvefdor mt hGee rman tWhiilnhkeDelirml t(h81e33y-1 911)an d . hIcso ncoefpa tne xperiEerlnecbeno,irw s h,a hta bse e"nl ived thrgoh.u"I dnee,d trheetv ailimzeisansgget haDtit lheoyffe red 3 r TheA ntohproloofEg xyp erience BrunIetnrr:o duction 5 4 preseunswt ista hn ewa nrtohpoloagnictceoasirln,t hter adition oute,x periceonmceteso usj suntvo etr babluatll ys inoi mages oft hheu masnc ieanncdhe esr meneausot pipcosst,eot d hm eo re anidm pres.As sis ooncssicaile nwtehi asvtleso nggi vteonmo u ch fmailainacre sltironafeEl m iDlue rkheA.i mR,Ra .d cf-elBirfown, weigthovt e rbaliaztta hteeixo pneson fsv ei suanlsitz,ola atnio and thel amtvaeanrry i eoftF ireesna cnhdB ritsitsrhu cturalism. guaagtet heex pense oLfi vieemxdap geersit.eh neacnste, h, o ught Thiistn l1doutcioinn claub dreisde ifs cuosfsD iiolnta hnedy and deswiorraedn, id m aasg iest, hp er imraertayyl .i hiwso r,sk ot hatthr ee eadrm ayb etatpeprr etcehii antiserpi aotn Expieernicne ,p oeurr speicsnt oietvq eu,i vtaolt ehmneot r e thaVti crtT ournfeuorn dt hearned,e larbaotoensD ilthkeeyy' s fmailicaorn coefpb te harv.Ti hoel atitmeprl aineo su tsoibde conceopfet xsp eriaenndec xep restsoih oingsh ltihgehaitnr servdeers crsiobmienogen lesa ec'tsi aosni sfo, n wee raen a udi trhopgocilaorle levbaenofcrete,u rntiotn ghe es satyhsee mls.v es encteoa ne venitta;l siom plais etsaa nrddirzoeudt tihnaoetn e Let me tshaoeyu ttsahetat t thr ee adweirl l fifinndaa lnn seowr s simpgloyet sh rouAgneh x.p eriiesmn orcepe e rsoansia trle e,fr s ord efitniipvaer adihgemrnseo ,t ota"lnleywa "n rtohpgoylb,ou t toa na ctsiev,let f oa h umna being nowothn ol eyn gaigneb su t rathafe urrt haerrt icnuo lfaa g trwioiontgr etnowd h imcahn oyf shapaenas c tiWoecn a.n haanev xep erbieuwntec c ea nnhoatv e thaeu trhsio nt hviols umhea vceo nbturti.eI dnd ecidoint nhge ab eharvw;ie do escribbeeh artvo hifoeo t hebruwste c haracterize tiotflt ehv eol umVei,c taonrdIc hsoe" thaen tpholroogoyfe xperi ouorw ne xpeenrciIeti. sn octu smtaortyos ay",Le tm et eylolu encfeo"gr o orde ans-oname,li ybt escta petswu hraitit ws e h ave abomuytb eharv"ir;oa etrhw,e t ealblo euxtp eriwehniccehs ,i n tos ay-ubtw ed icdo nsiadletrei rvnteia tttlheawste r ien daiteci v clundoeot n ly aacntfdiee olnisbn ugatsl rseolf ecntsai bootuhtso e oft heem beddeodftn hewisosrs k w ithainnrt ohpolAomgonygt. h e actiaonndfsee li.nT ghsed istingcuriiistoheinirs n gtt hhcaeot m alternwaetri"evpr eoscs eusaaln tphorolog"y w,hicshe emteodo munaitcnio ofe xpertieenntcdobes e s e-lreferfential. vagu"ep;o stsatlar nutchtrugoryp",wo hlioicmhp ltiheawdet w ere Thed ifficuwlitteyhx perihewonecveei,rs , twheca aton n ly oncset ructuorrt ahlasitts rtusc tuirsa loniveseimrt ,oh fwe hri ch experioeunorcw nelf i,ew haitsr eceibvyoe urdo wnc onscious ist hcea s"eh;re meneourti itnce,r praenttiphvolregoo y",a lotuhgh nesWse. c anne vkenrwo completely anotheevre'ns experiences, thietn erprpeetrisvpeeh catasil vreeba edcyo wmied eklnwyon a nd thouwgehh avmea ncyl uaensdm akiene frenacletlsh tei me. accepatned"d s;my bolaincrt ohpgoyl",oa ltuhgoht hpea pedros Othemrasyb ew illtiosn hga trhee eixrp eribeunetcv eesr,y one nodte awli tthh aen aloyfss iybsmo lasss ucehx,c eipntt h e cenrssoo rr epsreeossr,m ayn obte f ullayw aorfeo ra blteoa rticu gen erasle ntshea etv erytchuilntgiu srs aylm boIlnih cie.sp oiglue latcee,r taasipne cwthsa to bfhe aeesnx periHeonwct,eh ded.no , Geerutszet sh peh ra"sbeeha viohrearlm einceswu,ht"i cihsa p weo vercotmhele i mintsao tfii nodiveixdpuearli Deinlcteh?e y's pealihnogwe;,v o eurrfco uiss moonre ex peripernacgem,a tics, (91760:)2a 3nswwearst hawte" rtansctehnnedar rwo spehroef practaincdpe er,fr omancSeow.,e d ecitdoeg dow itthh aen experibyei ntnceer preextpirnnegss sB.iy""o itnerpreDtiilntgh"e y trhopgoylo ofe xperience. meanutn derstianntdeirnpgr,ae ntdta htmeie otndh,oog lyoo fh er menteiu;cb sy" expreshsemi eoannsrt"ee psrentapteioromrfns, anceosjb,e ctificoartt ieoxnFtsos,r.e xamptlheee,x pressions DITLHEY'HSE RMENEUTICS analybzyte ehdc nortbiurtsot o tvhoilsui mnec ludeern ,at rhreaat tivheusn,t sitnrogi erset,va ilinz maovteimoenctusr,i ngm urites, Dilt(h91e7y16 16:w) r otthea" tre aolniletyxy i fsoturss i nt hfeca ts ralpsa,r adceasr,n iTvhaolr,e aUizlud',esS n hakespHeaamrlee'ts, of consciousnesesx pgeicrve"ie.W enhn abty cfioinmirnesses tr andH eleCnor derpoo'tsyt .eC rertaian blryo aadra ry,b ut experiTehnec ear.on ptoohglyo f expedreiaelnsch eow wii ntdhi nonetheexlpersesst shiaaotrnp esr esetnout sebd yt hceu letsu r viduaacltsu eaxlpleyr itehnecciuerl ttuhraiets,h , o we venatres wes tudtyh;ea yr weh atg iivsie nns oclieia.flE xpresasrieo ns receibvyc eodn scioBuyse nxepsesr.iw eem necaenn o jtu ssnets e datcao,gi ntioorni,,n D ilthpehyr'as"s htee,d ileduj tuiocfe encaptsiuoolnfats h eex periofeo ntcheeo rras sT, u rne(r91 821:7 ) rean,s"ob uatl sfeeol ianngdse xpecntsaA.ts F ieornapnodnietzs wrotteh,ea yr "et hcer ystaslelcirzeeotdfoi nocnlvesi i nhgu man expieern.c"Feo Dri lt(h91e7y16 7:,5 )dwee awli tthhs eu ebcjmta t- r 6 TheA nhtropoolfEo xgepyr ience BrunIetnrr:uo cdtion 7 teorfh umna studiinecsl,u adnhitrnogp goyl",ow henwe e xperi perieanrcneeo sst t oryoarbb leec,aw uesl ea ctkhp eeor�mfative encheu mna statese,x pgrievsteso it ohnesma ,n du nderstand . andn arrarteisvoeu orrcb eesc,a usveo ctahbeu llaarcyk Amsg . theesxep roens.ss"Tui rn,ei rnt hviolsu mree,f teorD si lthdeiys's weo ursealrvteee sl loitnhgea rbsoa unte xperiwISee sn ocmee,t imes tincbteitowne meenr "ee xperiaennd"c aene" x perei:"et nhce relaizeev,ea nsw es pe,at khaotua rc coduonetns o ftlu leyn com fromeirsr eceibvyce odn scioiutis sni ensdsi,ve ixdpuearli ence, passa ltlh awtet houagnhdftle td uirntgh aetx periEevnecrey. thtee moprafllo wt;h lea titste hrie n tejrescutabirvtei cuolfa tion anthroolpogfiiecladlw owrokuelrrde adaiclkyn owltehdatgthe e experiwehniccheha, as b eginannidan nge ndianngdt hubse accepted ofga enntorhperosl ogeixcparle- sosuirfio ennlodtes, cometsr aonrsmfeidn taone xpsrieosn. diarlieecst,ua rnedps r,eo sfsipounballti ico-andosn octa pet ur The relabteitowneesxehpnie pr aineidnt cesex presissai lons threi chonret shcseo mpleoxfoi utry leixvpeedr iine nficteeh.l e d waypsr obleamnadit soi nce tohifem porrteasnetaa rrceihan s Theareri en evigtaapbbsel tew reeetanyl e,ix periaenndec xep,r es thaen tohproloofeg xyp eriTehnercl eea.t ioincssl heiadpri llaoyg ic siso,an ndt htee nsaimoonnt gh ecmo nstteiask t eupyor blematic andd ialecfrote ixcpaelr,is etnrcueecse t xuprresisni otnwhsea, t int haen rtohpoloofeg xyp erience. undersottahpneedro palned their oentx hpbera essoisfosi u orn s Int hpiesr stpievacene xpresissn ieovanen r isoslatattiecd , owne xperainesdne c-leuf nderstBauntd ienxgp.r essstirouncs also texItsn.t eiaatdl ,w aiynsv oalp vreosc eascstutiayavl,v i erfbro m, tureex periienn cteh,a t ndaormrianotafian v htei tsso riecraal, ana ctiroonot ienad s ocsiiatltu iaowni trhe aple rsionan p sa r imporrtiatnuatan lfdses t ivaanlcdsl ,a ssiocf a wrdoter fikansne d ticuclualrti unar g ei vheinos rtiecraAal .r itmuuaslbt ee nacted, illumiinnnaeetxrep erienwcewe e.lk lnoA ws,s omtee x(tes. g., am ytrhe tceiadn ,a rrattoilavdn e,o vreela add ,r ampaeo rrfmed, Hamelt,a) rmeo rien tecnosmep,la enxdr,e vleiantghn a everyday frot heesnea ctmreenctistt,ea lllsri,en iagndsga,sn ,pd e orrfmances experientceher eebanynr dia cnhdc layr tihfaetx �enrcieMe.o re arweh amta kteh tee xttrsa ofnrmaeta invde nabulste or eexperi sipmly put, ecxupleatrluiclreoynn cset rwiuhsci tulenedd erstand encoeu cru ltuhreer'itsEa xgpsers.ei aornceso nsttiiavtneusd h ap inpgr esupepxopsieeersn Tcoe D.i hlet,yt hedsiea lroegliact ion ingn,oa ts a bstrtaecxbttus t tihanec titvhiaattcy t uatlhiez es shiopfms u tuadle pendenncoeat n wi emrpeo sdsiilbleemb muat texItti. si nt hsiesn tsheat te xmtussb tep eorrfmetdob ee xperi rathweerrb ea stioct hnea tuorfde a tiant hheu masnc iences. enceadn,dw haitsc onstiitsu ttihipnevr eou dct.iW oedn eahle re Thaetx perisretunccteue rxepsr esasli)eodxn psr essions structure witphe orrfmetde xrtesgc,no iztihnatgth aen tohproloofgp ye r experiweasnfor cD ei ltahh eeyr menceiurtcsilocem ,e tthoib neg fromanicspe a rotft haen tohproloofeg xyp eenr.ci e worktehdr ou"gOhruk: n owleodfwg heai tsg ivienne xperience Ase xpresosrpi eoornrfsm etde xsttsr,u ecdut nuirotfes x peri ise xtentdhoerudg thh ietn erpreotfta htoeijb oenc tifiocfla eit fions encseu,c ahss toroirde rsa maarsse,o cicaolnlsyt ruuncitotefs d andt heiinrrt peretaitnti uorinnso,, n ly pmoasdsebi ybp lleu mb- mean.iI nfwg ew rite aobro uttthe el l FrReenvucothli ofron , intgh dee ptohfss uj becteixvpee ri(e9ln7:c61e�".S ) . exampwleme u,s dte ciwdhee troeb egainnwd hetroee ndw,h ich Thec ritdiicsatli hnecrtieisb o ente wnre eah(twhya tr eally isn oeta ,ss yot habtyo uarr tbriacroyn stroufcb teigoinn nings outth ewreht,ae vtehram ta yb e,)e xperi(eohnwtc heIa Sr te ality anedn dsi nwgees tablliimsfiarhtm set,e h e xperiaenntdch ee,r eby presietntstseoc l ofn scis)osua,sn ndee xpres(shioiownn dsi vidual conscttir tu.r eIalneli e fvebreyng niihnags ainttse ceadnedn ts, experiiesfarn mceed aarntdi c)uI.lna a tl eeih dfitsoraysI, h ave ane ndidnogen so itm ptlhyat ti mhea sst opopret dh atthe ev ent indicealtseedew (hBeurrne1r9 874)t:,h dei stinicsbt eitowne en iso v.eW re creatthueen iotfes x periaenndmc eea nifornmgt he leia fsl iv(erde ya)ll,eii a tfse xperi(exenpceerdi) ea,nn cdlee ia fs �ontuiintofyl eiE.fv ertye lliiasnn ag r bitirmaproys itmieoann of tol(de xpr)es.Osn ilaoy nn aipvoes itwiovuil�sedtl� v iet haetx I�go nt hfleo wo fm emoryi,n twheha itg hlsiogmcheat u saensd pressairoeenq su ivtaolr eenatla intdwye ;r ec�g�nm ezve:ye d�y diosuctno th;et rhsaitse ,v ery itsiet nlelripnrgTe hteci ovnec. ept lei ftheb egtawpee xepne riaendn cseiy t?mosh mca me�ftatml On ofa ne xpeenrciteh,e hna,as n e xpltiecmiptod riamnles iiontn h at expsrsoein.S omeex periaerniecn ecsh oma ttheaw,te S impdloy Weg ot hourgohr l itvheor ughe xapne riwehnictcehh,e b ne comes noutn derswthaatwn ed aerxep erieenictibhneegcr,a tuhseeex - sel-efrfeenrtiinat lht ee lling. 8 TheA ntohproloofEg xyp erience BrunIetnrr:o duction 9 FoDri tlehyl,ei w faast empaolflr ow,a " resptrloegssrsine o,s" Furt,ch uelret uarpnedr sontaunlreitdto iy s sfuraer se movforemd anadl elv enotcsc upaip eods iitnia t oinm see queEnxpceer.i ence thaen tohproloogfe yx periientn hcdeee vemleonpotfc ross-cul anmde aniwnergie nt hper estehnet ;wp aaassm te moy,ra r epro tuarlp ersonaaslsietstys,m m eetnhoodfcs h irleda rainndg , na duicot;na nd ftuthueerw asa lwaoypse lni,en dk ebxyp ectation tiocnhaalr ascttiueedrs . andp oteanltiHitoyw.e ,vp erreseexnpte riaelnwcateya sk aecs Thea ntohprologeinrctpaerlih saaesl ways cobneceenr ned counotft he apnadas ntt icitphfaeutt ueerW.sh ahto ldsp rtehse withho wp eopelxep eritehnecmes etlhveleiisrv,a e nsdt, h eir cul ent tahnpeda sttot gheeirsau niytm aeraniynetgth, a "tm eaning turTera.d itliyoa,nn atolhprolohgaivstetr sit eoud n dsetratnhde doenso lti iens omfeco aplo ionutt soiuderex peribeuintscc oen woralsds eebnyt h"ee xperiseujnbec"cis tnti,grv ifnorga n inner tainientd h e[mi enx periaenncdc oen]s ttihtceuot nense cbteions perspeIcdnteievtdeh,.ii sss titlhrlea tiofnrola olneg m- fiteelrd twetenh em("Dl ityh 1e97263:.9D )ilyt'hpser ocepsesrusaple ctive rseearacnhdt, h e tfirealddi itnfica otin,sw, h aste atnst ohprology emegredc leawrhleyhn e w rotthea "tte hm ometnt hfeut uerb e apafrortm s ucrhe ladtiesdc iapsls ionceiso lohgiys yt.Tao hnrde cometshp er esietin sat l resaidinynk ign top atsh(te91" 7 260:.9 ) dicffiutl,yh owe,vi esr innot thfi ee ldweoxrpiken ercbeu itn o ur Altholueigi fhsa fl o,ww ec anne veexrp eritehnaflcotew d ierctly concepatpupaalr faorti utnse rprtehtfieie nldgda twah,i cthe nd becaeuvseeor byrs veemdo menitsa r meembeedmr ometnT.em tofi ltoeuret x periMeontscg eo.oe dt ohgnraphienrtse,r estingly porsaulec scsicoann noetx pbeer iaessn uccebdhe catuhsveee y r enourgiehn,ot drucvei tailnti hteydi ersi cpirtvaec coubnyit ns observoaftt iimofienx eosu art etntiaonndi t nerrtuhpfleto swo f cludiilnlgau tsitsvrnea tcohfpe esr sonal bniatorsfr abtiiovge, experileenacdeti,onp ge rioofdr see flxivwihteytn h mei nbde rap,ho yrv ivpiads safgrmoe tsh efiierl d (nePoatceos1c 9k8. 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