The Anthropology of Development and Globalization - Iheal

416 Pages·2004·2.18 MB·English

Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:07pm pagei
The Anthropology of Development and Globalization
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:07pm pageii
BlackwellAnthologiesinSocialandCulturalAnthropology
SeriesEditor:ParkerShipton,BostonUniversity
SeriesAdvisoryEditorialBoard:
FredrikBarth,UniversityofOsloandBostonUniversity
StephenGudeman,UniversityofMinnesota
JaneGuyer,NorthwesternUniversity
CarolineHumphrey,UniversityofCambridge
TimIngold,UniversityofAberdeen
EmilyMartin,PrincetonUniversity
JohnMiddleton,YaleEmeritus
SallyFalkMoore,HarvardEmerita
MarshallSahlins,UniversityofChicagoEmeritus
JoanVincent,ColumbiaUniversityandBarnardCollegeEmerita
Drawingfromsomeofthemostsignificantscholarlyworkofthenineteenthandtwentieth
centuries, the Blackwell Anthologies in Social and Cultural Anthropology series offers a
comprehensive and unique perspective on the ever-changing field of anthropology. It
representsbothacollectionofclassicreadersandanexcitingchallengetothenormsthat
haveshapedthisdisciplineoverthepastcentury.
Each edited volume is devoted to a traditional subdiscipline of the field such as the
anthropologyofreligion,linguisticanthropology,ormedicalanthropology;andprovides
afoundationinthecanonicalreadingsoftheselectedarea.Awarethatsuchsubdisciplinary
definitions are still widely recognized and useful – but increasingly problematic – these
volumes are crafted to include a rare and invaluable perspective on social and cultural
anthropology at the onset of the twenty-first century. Each text provides a selection of
classic readings together with contemporary works that underscore the artificiality of
subdisciplinary definitions and point students, researchers, and general readers in the
newdirectionsinwhichanthropologyismoving.
1 LinguisticAnthropology:AReader
EditedbyAlessandroDuranti
2 AReaderintheAnthropologyofReligion
EditedbyMichaelLambek
3 TheAnthropologyofPolitics:AReaderinEthnography,Theory,andCritique
EditedbyJoanVincent
4 KinshipandFamily:AnAnthropologicalReader
EditedbyRobertParkinandLindaStone
5 LawandAnthropology:AReader
EditedbySallyFalkMoore
6 The Anthropology of Development and Globalization: From Classical Political Econ-
omytoContemporaryNeoliberalism
EditedbyMarcEdelmanandAngeliqueHaugerud
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:07pm pageiii
The Anthropology
of Development
and Globalization
From Classical Political Economy
to Contemporary Neoliberalism
Edited by
Marc Edelman and
Angelique Haugerud
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:07pm pageiv
Editorialmaterialandorganization(cid:1)2005byBlackwellPublishingLtd
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Theanthropologyofdevelopmentandglobalization:fromclassicalpoliticaleconomyto
contemporaryneoliberalism/editedbyMarcEdelmanandAngeliqueHaugerud.
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Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-631-22879-9(hardback:alk.paper)—ISBN0-631-22880-2(pbk.:alk.paper)
1.Politicalanthropology.2.Economicanthropology.3.Economicdevelopment.
4.Ruraldevelopment.5.Globalization.6.Hybridity(Socialsciences)I.Edelman,Marc.
II.Haugerud,Angelique.III.Series.
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Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:03pm pagev
Contents
Acknowledgments viii
Introduction:TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization 1
MarcEdelmanandAngeliqueHaugerud
PartI ClassicalFoundationsandDebates 75
Introduction 77
1 OftheAccumulationofCapital,orofProductiveand
UnproductiveLabor 87
AdamSmith
2 ManifestooftheCommunistParty 91
KarlMarxandFrederickEngels
3 TheEvolutionoftheCapitalisticSpirit 95
MaxWeber
4 TheSelf-RegulatingMarketandtheFictitiousCommodities:
Labor,Land,andMoney 99
KarlPolanyi
PartII WhatisDevelopment?20th-CenturyDebates 105
Introduction 107
5 TheRiseandFallofDevelopmentTheory 109
ColinLeys
6 TheHistoryandPoliticsofDevelopmentKnowledge 126
FrederickCooperandRandallPackard
7 AnthropologyandItsEvilTwin:‘‘Development’’intheConstitution
ofaDiscipline 140
JamesFerguson
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:03pm pagevi
vi CONTENTS
PartIII FromDevelopmenttoGlobalization 155
Introduction 157
8 Globalization,Dis-integration,Re-organization:
TheTransformationsofViolence 160
JonathanFriedman
9 TheGlobalizationMovement:SomePointsofClarification 169
DavidGraeber
10 GlobalizationAfterSeptember11 173
SaskiaSassen
11 MillennialCapitalismandtheCultureofNeoliberalism 177
JeanComaroffandJohnL.Comaroff
PartIV Consumption,Markets,Culture 189
Introduction 191
12 AgriculturalInvolutionRevisited 194
CliffordGeertz
13 NontraditionalCommoditiesandStructuralAdjustmentinAfrica 206
PeterD.LittleandCatherineS.Dolan
14 MarketMentalities,IronSatelliteDishes,andContestedCultural
Developmentalism 216
LouisaSchein
15 ATheoryofVirtualism:ConsumptionasNegation 224
DanielMiller
16 SeeingCultureasaBarrier 232
EmmaCreweandElizabethHarrison
PartV Gender,Work,andNetworks 235
Introduction 237
17 ‘‘Men-streaming’’Gender?QuestionsforGenderandDevelopment
PolicyintheTwenty-firstCentury 240
SylviaChantandMatthewC.Gutmann
18 DeterritorializationandWorkplaceCulture 250
JaneL.Collins
19 TheNetworkInsideOut 262
AnneliseRiles
PartVI Nature,Environment,andBiotechnology 269
Introduction 271
20 WhoseWoodsAreThese?Counter-MappingForestTerritories
inKalimantan,Indonesia 273
NancyLeePeluso
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:03pm pagevii
CONTENTS vii
21 MisreadingAfrica’sForestHistory 282
JamesFairheadandMelissaLeach
22 ColonialEncountersinPostcolonialContexts:PatentingIndigenous
DNAandtheHumanGenomeDiversityProject 292
HilaryCunningham
PartVII InsideDevelopmentInstitutions 301
Introduction 303
23 AdvocacyResearchandtheWorldBank:PropositionsforDiscussion 306
JonathanFox
24 DevelopmentNarratives,OrMakingtheBestofBlueprintDevelopment 313
EmeryM.Roe
25 TheSocialOrganizationoftheIMF’sMissionWork 323
RichardHarper
PartVIII DevelopmentAlternatives,AlternativestoDevelopment 335
Introduction 337
26 ImaginingaPost-DevelopmentEra 341
ArturoEscobar
27 BeyondDevelopment? 352
KatyGardnerandDavidLewis
28 VillageIntellectualsandtheChallengeofPoverty 360
ElizabethIsichei
29 Kerala:RadicalReformasDevelopmentinanIndianState 368
RichardW.FrankeandBarbaraH.Chasin
30 WhatWasSocialism,andWhyDidItFall? 373
KatherineVerdery
31 ‘‘DisappearingthePoor?’’ACritiqueoftheNewWisdomsofSocial
DemocracyinanAgeofGlobalization 382
JohnGledhill
Index 391
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:03pm pageviii
Acknowledgments
Our understanding of development and globalization owes much to conversations with
interlocutorsinAfrica,LatinAmerica,NorthAmerica,andEurope–academics,students,
farmers, activists, government officials, politicians, and NGO personnel. Portions of the
Introductiondrawontheeditors’co-authoredchapter,‘‘Development’’inACompanionto
theAnthropologyofPolitics,editedbyDavidNugentandJoanVincent(Blackwell,2004).
Weareparticularlyindebtedforhelpfulcriticismsandsuggestionsgenerouslyprovidedby
Laura Ahearn, Sara Berry,Michael Chibnik,GeorgeDeMartino, JamesFerguson, Lesley
Gill, Ilene Grabel, Maia Green, Ed Hartman, Frederick Klaits, Nicholas Jackson, Jackie
Klopp, Micaela di Leonardo, Peter D. Little, Dillon Mahoney, Sarasij Majumder, Noelle
Mole,DonnaL.Perry,LouisaSchein,ParkerShipton,K.Sivaramakrishnan,WendyWeis-
man,andthe2002–03seminarparticipantsinRutgersUniversity’sCenterfortheCritical
AnalysisofContemporaryCulture.Weappreciateaswellthediscerningcommentsoffered
by anonymous referees of the original prospectus and proposed contents list. Sara Berry,
MichaelChibnikandK.Sivaramakrishnankindlyreadanearlyfinalversionoftheentire
introduction and we thank them for commenting so helpfully and so promptly at that
crucialstage.IthasbeenadelighttoworkwithJaneHuber,oureditoratBlackwell,and
Parker Shipton, the series editor. Their fine editorial judgment and intellectual acumen
havemade this abetter book. Itsshortcomingsare,ofcourse,attributableto thevolume
editorsalone.
Itwouldnothavebeenpossibletoincludetherangeandnumberofworksreprintedhere
withoutabridgingthem.Inmanycases,wehavehadtocutnotonlythemaintextbutalso
some footnotes and references. The editors thank the authors for their understanding on
thispoint.Fullbibliographiccitationsoftheoriginalworksareprovidedbelow.
Theeditorsandpublisherswishtothankthefollowingforpermissiontousecopyright
material:
1 Smith,Adam,1976[1776]OftheAccumulationofCapital,orofProductiveandUnproductive
Labour.InAnInquiryintotheNatureandCausesofTheWealthofNations,BookII,pp.256–257,
358,359,360,363–364,368,369,370[excerpts].Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress.
2 Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party. Internet edition:
www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/Copyleft:Marx/Engels Internet
Archive (marxists.org) 1987, 2000. Permission is granted to copy and/or distribute this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. See www.marxists.org/admin/legal/
fdl.htm.
3 Weber, Max, 1950 The Evolution of the Capitalistic Spirit. In General Economic History:
352–8,364–9[excerpts].Glencoe,IL:FreePress.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
4 Polanyi,Karl,1957[1944]TheSelfRegulatingMarketandtheFictitiousCommodities:Labor,
Land,andMoney.InTheGreatTransformation:ThePoliticalandEconomicOriginsofOurTime:
68–76.Boston:BeaconPress.ReprintedbypermissionofKariPolanyiLevitt.
5 Leys,Colin,1996TheRiseandFallofDevelopmentTheory.InTheRiseandFallofDevelop-
mentTheory,chapter1:3–44[excerpts].IndianaUniversityPressandJamesCurrey.Reprintedby
permissionofJamesCurreyPublishers,LondonandIndianaUniversityPress,Bloomington.
6 Cooper, Frederick, and Randall Packard, 1997 Introduction. In International Development
and the Social Sciences: Essays on the History and Politics of Knowledge, Frederick Cooper and
Randall Packard, editors: 1–41 [excerpts]. Berkeley: University of California Press. Reprinted by
permissionoftheauthorsandUniversityofCaliforniaPress.
7 Ferguson,James,1997AnthropologyandItsEvilTwin:‘‘Development’’intheConstitutionof
aDiscipline.InInternationalDevelopmentandtheSocialSciences:EssaysontheHistoryandPolitics
of Knowledge, Frederick Cooper and Randall Packard, editors: 150–175 [excerpts]. Berkeley:
UniversityofCaliforniaPress.ReprintedbypermissionofUniversityofCaliforniaPress.
8 Friedman, Jonathan, 2003 Globalization, Dis-integration, Re-organization:The Transform-
ations of Violence. In Globalization, the State and Violence, Jonathan Friedman, editor: 1–14,
16–19, 20, 21, 22, 31–33 [excerpts]. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press. Reprinted by permission of
AltaMiraPress,adivisionoftheRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup.
9 Graeber,David,2001TheGlobalizationMovement:SomePointsofClarification.InItemsand
Issues2(3–4):12–14.NewYork:SocialScienceResearchCouncil.Reprintedbypermissionofthe
authorandSocialScienceResearchCouncil.
10 Sassen, Saskia, 2002 Globalization After September 11. In Chronicle of Higher Education
January18,2002:B11–14[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionofSaskiaSassen.
11 Comaroff, Jean, and John L. Comaroff, 2001 Millennial Capitalism: First Thoughts on a
Second Coming. In Millennial Capitalism and the Culture of Neoliberalism, Jean Comaroff and
John L. Comaroff, editors: 1–13, 14–15, 19–23, 46–48, 50–56 [excerpts]. Durham, NC: Duke
University Press. Copyright, 2001, Duke University Press. All rights reserved. Used by permission
ofthepublisher.
12 Geertz, Clifford, 1984 Culture and Social Change: The Indonesian Case. In Man 19(4):
511–532[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionoftheauthorandBlackwellPublishingLtd.
13 Little,PeterD.,andCatherineS.Dolan,2000WhatItMeanstobeRestructured:Nontradi-
tionalCommoditiesandStructuralAdjustmentinSub-SaharanAfrica.InCommoditiesandGlobal-
ization:AnthropologicalPerspectives,AngeliqueHaugerud,M.PriscillaStone,andPeterD.Little,
editors: 59–78 [excerpts]. Boulder, CO, New York, Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers.
ReprintedbypermissionoftheauthorsandRowman&LittlefieldPublishingGroup.
14 Schein,Louisa,2002MarketMentalities,IronSatelliteDishes,andContestedCulturalDevel-
opmentalism.InProvincialChina7(1):57–67,70–2[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionofTaylor&
FrancisLtd.www.tandf.co.uk/journals.
15 Miller, Daniel, 1998 Conclusion: A Theory of Virtualism. In Virtualism: A New Political
Economy, James G. Carrier and Daniel Miller, editors: 188–196, 199–204, 214–215 [excerpts].
Oxford and New York: Berg. Reprinted with permission from Berg Publishers. All rights re-
served.
16 Crewe, Emma and Elizabeth Harrison, 1998 An Intellectual Heritage of Development. In
Whose Development? An Ethnography of Aid: 43–46 [excerpt]. London and New York: Zed
Books.ReprintedbypermissionofZedBooks.
17 Chant, Sylvia, and Matthew C. Gutman, 2002 ‘‘Men-streaming’’ Gender? Questions for
GenderandDevelopmentPolicyintheTwenty-firstCentury.InProgressinDevelopmentStudies2
(4): 269–282 [excerpts]. Reprinted by permission of Arnold Publishers, a member of the Hodder
HeadlineGroup.
18 Collins, Jane L., 2002 Deterritorialization and Workplace Culture. American Ethnologist
29(1):151–167,167–171[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionoftheauthorandAmericanAnthro-
pologicalAssociation.
19 Riles, Annelise, 2001 Network! In The Network Inside Out: 172–174, 178–182, 183–184,
217–220, 222–227, 229, 231–233 [excerpts]. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. Re-
printedbypermissionofUniversityofMichiganPress.
Edelman/TheAnthropologyofDevelopmentandGlobalization FinalProof 15.10.2004 12:03pm pagex
x ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
20 Peluso, Nancy Lee, 1995 Whose Woods Are These? Counter-Mapping Forest Territories in
Kalimantan,Indonesia.Antipode27(4):383–406[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionofBlackwell
PublishingLtd.
21 Fairhead,James,andMelissaLeach,1997WebsofPowerandtheConstructionofEnviron-
mental Policy Problems: Forest Loss in Guinea. In Discourses of Development: Anthropological
Perspectives,R.D.GrilloandR.L.Stirrat,editors:35–8,40–55,55–57[excerpts].OxfordandNew
York:Berg.ReprintedwithpermissionfromBergPublishers.Allrightsreserved.
22 Cunningham,Hilary,1998ColonialEncountersinPostcolonialContexts:PatentingIndigen-
ous DNA and the Human Genome Diversity Project. Critique of Anthropology 18(2): 206–218,
228–33[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionoftheauthorandSagePublicationsLtd.
23 Fox, Jonathan, 2003 Advocacy Research and the World Bank: Propositions for Discussion.
Development in Practice 13(5): 519–527 [excerpts]. Reprinted by permission of Taylor & Francis
Ltd.www.tandf.co.uk/journals
24 Roe,EmeryM.,1991DevelopmentNarratives,OrMakingtheBestofBlueprintDevelopment.
WorldDevelopment19(4):287–300[excerpts].ReprintedbypermissionofElsevierLimited.
25 Harper,Richard,2000TheSocialOrganizationoftheIMF’sMissionWork:AnExamination
ofInternationalAuditing.InAuditCultures:AnthropologicalStudiesinAccountability,Ethicsand
the Academy, Marilyn Strathern, editor: 21–23, 25–36, 37, 38–48, 50–53 [excerpts]. London:
Routledge.ReprintedbypermissionofThomsonPublishingServicesonbehalfofRoutledge.
26 ArturoEscobar,1992ImaginingaPost-DevelopmentEra.SocialText31:20–56.[excerpts].
Copyright,1992,SocialText.Allrightsreserved.UsedbypermissionofDukeUniversityPress.
27 Gardner,Katy,andDavidLewis,1996BeyondDevelopment?.InAnthropology,Development
andthePost-ModernChallenge:153–168,173,175–183[excerpts].London:PlutoPress.Reprinted
bypermissionofPlutoPress.
28 Isichei,Elizabeth,2002VillageIntellectualsandtheChallengeofPoverty,InVoicesofthePoor
in Africa: 169–187. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press. Reprinted by permission of
ElizabethIsichei.
29 Franke,RichardW.andBarbaraH.Chasin,1994Kerala’sAchievements.InKerala:Radical
Reform as Development in an Indian State, 2nd edition. Oakland, CA: Institute for Food and
Development Policy: 10–21, 106–7, 118, 125, 126, 128, 131, 132, 133 [excerpts]. Reprinted by
permissionoftheauthorsandFoodFirst/InstituteforFoodandDevelopmentPolicy.
30 Verdery,Katherine,1996WhatWasSocialismandWhyDidItFall?AbridgedfromWhatWas
SocialismandWhatComesNext?Princeton,NJ:PrincetonUniversityPress:19–38.(cid:1)1996Prince-
tonUniversityPress.ReprintedbypermissionoftheauthorandPrincetonUniversityPress.
31 Gledhill, John, 2001 Disappearing the Poor? A Critique of the New Wisdoms of Social
DemocracyinanAgeofGlobalization.UrbanAnthropologyandStudiesofCulturalSystemsand
WorldEconomicDevelopment30(2):124–9,133–7,138–9,141–5,147–9,151–2,154–6[excerpts].
Reprintedbypermissionoftheauthor.
Everyefforthasbeenmadetotracecopyrightholdersandtoobtaintheirpermissionfortheuseof
copyrightmaterial.Theauthorsandpublisherswillgladlyreceiveanyinformationenablingthemto
rectifyanyerrororomissioninsubsequenteditions.