The Anthonomus cavei species group (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

11 Pages·1993·4.8 MB·

by  W E Clark

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
95(2), 1993, pp. 152-162
THE ANTHONOMUS CAVEI SPECIES GROUP
(COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Wayne E. Clark and Horace R. Burke
(WEC) AlabamaAgricultural Experiment Station, Department ofEntomology, Auburn
University, Alabama 36849-5413, U.S.A.; (HRB) Department of Entomology, Texas
A&M
University, College Station, Texas 77843, U.S.A.
Abstract.—Three new species ofneotropical Anthonomini, A. cavei (El Salvador, Hon-
duras, Mexico, Panama), A. ironia (Colombia) and A. praetextum (Brazil), are assigned
to the Anthonomus cavei group. Adults, larvae and pupae o{A. cavei were collected on
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K. (Malpighiaceae), and adults of A. praetextum were
collected on an unidentified Malpighiaceae. Characters diagnostic ofthe A. cavei group
and ofeach ofthe species are described and some are illustrated. A key to the species is
presented. TheA. cavei group appears to be most closely related to the A.furcatus group.
Key Words: Neotropical Anthonomini, Malpighiaceae, Byrsonima, immature insects
Theassertion". notfoundin BCA ." adults ofthese three species in the A. cavei
. . . .
is part of a label on a Panamanian weevil group are presented in this paper. Descrip-
in the collections ofthe U.S. National Mu- tions ofthe larval and pupal stages ofone
seum of Natural History (USNM). Made ofthe species are also provided.
with a lead pencil on folded yellow paper,
the inscription is in the hand of the U.S. Materials and Methods
Department of Agriculture scientist in
USNM The 149 adult weevil specimens exam-
chargeoftheweevilcollectionsatthe
ined are from the collections ofthe follow-
between 1929 and 1949, L. L. Buchanan.
ing individuals and institutions (letter cod-
The statement alludes to the fact that the
ens identify the collections in the text):
specimen represents a species that is not
amongthe Central American Anthonomini AUEM Auburn University Entomolog-
treated in the Biologia Centrali-Americana ical Collections, Auburn, Ala-
(Champion 1903, 1906, 1910). bama, USA;
Theaforementionedlabelalso states". CNCI CanadianNationalCollectionof
. .
Anthonomus offlavirostris group ," but Insects and Arachnids, Ottawa,
. . .
the species does not belongwith the species Canada;
presentlyassignedtotheA.flavirostrisgroup CWOB Collection of C. W. O'Brien,
(Clark 1990). Nor does the species fit con- Tallahassee, Florida, USA;
veniently inanyoftheotherpreviouslyrec- DEIC Deutsches Entomologisches In-
ognizedAnthonomusspecies group. Thus it stitut, Eberswalde, Germany;
isplacedalongwithtwo additional, related, DZUP Universidade Federal do Para-
likewise previously undescribed species, in na, Curitiba, Brazil;
the A. cavei group. EAPZ Escuela Agricola Panamericana,
Descriptions, illustrations, and a key to El Zamorano, Francisco Mora-
VOLUME 95. NUMBER 2 153
zan, Honduras; The Anthonomus cavei
HAHC Collection of H. and A. How- Species Group
den, Ottawa, Canada;
HPSC Collection of H. P. Stockwell, Recognition characters.—The species in
Smithsonian Tropical Research theA. caveigrouphavethefollowingunique
Institute, Panama; combination of characters: Elytral humeri
MCZC Museum of Comparative Zool- prominent, sides converging posteriorly
ogy, Cambridge, Massachusetts, (Figs. 1, 2); interstriae 3 and4with subbasal
USA; prominences; interstria 3 with median
MZSP Museu de Zoologia, Universi- prominence that is slightly to much higher
dade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, anteriorly and especially posteriorly than in
Brazil; the middle; tegmen thick, with short, slen-
TAMU A&M
Texas University, College der parameres; profemur enlarged, ca. 1.3-
Station, Texas, USA; 1.6X as wide as metafemur, with a large,
USNM National Museum of Natural conical, somewhat flattened, ventral tooth
History, Washington, D.C., with a deep anterobasal emargination that
USA. produces a much smaller, slightly curved,
slightly more apical tooth.
Measurements were made with an ocular The species in the group are additionally
micrometer in a dissecting microscope as characterized as follows:
follows: total body length from anterior kdwW.-Length: 3.4-4.7 mm. Width: 1.7-
margin ofeyeto elytral apex in lateral view; 2.4 mm. Head: Slightly constricted behind
width across elytra at widest point; length eyes; vertex with long, slender, attenuate,
of pronotum from anterior to posterior ferruginous scales and broader, intermixed,
margins; length ofrostrum from anteroven- cretaceous scales; venter with slightly
tral margin of eye to apex, across arc, in broader, slightly imbricated, cretaceous
lateral view; length ofapical portion ofros- scales; eyes round, strongly, evenly convex,
trum from antennal insertion to apex in lat- separated by distance ca. equal to 0.6 x
eral view; width offrons at narrowest point width ofrostrumatbase. Rostrum:Strongly
between eyes; width ofbase ofrostrumjust tricarinate; feebly curved basally, more
distad ofeyes in dorsal view; and width of strongly curved over antennal insertions.
pro- and metafemora, in anterior view, ex- Antenna:Funiculus 7-articulate. Prothorax:
cludinginnermarginalteeth.Therangeand, In dorsal view, sides rounded behind sub-
in parentheses, the mean and sample size apical constriction, slightly widened at ex-
of each measurement, are given for each treme base; dorsum with two, low, antero-
species. median prominences and two, lower,
Exact label data are cited for types. Sep- posteromedian prominences; dorsum with
arate labels are indicated by brackets ([]), broad, spindle-shaped, median vitta of
separate lines by slashes (/). elongate, attenuate, imbricated, cinereous
Terminologyusedtodescribepupalchar- scales; lateral portions ofdorsum and pleu-
acters follows Burke (1968). Terminology ron with elongate, attenuate, ferruginous
of larval characters is that of Anderson scalesandbroader, cinereous scales, thelat-
(1947) and Thomas (1957). Where differ- terbroadestandmostdenseposterolaterally
encesinterminologyexistbetweenthelatter and in small postocular cluster. Elytra: Su-
two systems, terms used by Thomas are tural interstriae slightly elevated from
placedinparenthesesfollowingthoseofAn- slightly beyond scutellum; interstriae with
derson. Description of the larval stage is elongate, attenuate ferruginous scales and
based on fullgrown specimens. broader, cretaceous scales, the latter fascic-
154 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE ENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
Figs. 1-5. 1, 2,Anthonomuscavei, lateralanddorsalhabitus,5, Pacora, Panama, Panama. 3,4,Anthonomus
caveigroup members, pygidium, 2, dorsal view. 3)A. cavei. El Zamorano, Francisco Morazan, Honduras. 4)A.
ironia, Espinal, Tolima, Colombia. 5,Anthonomuscavei, abdominal stemae 3-5, $ holotype, ventral view.
ulate, most dense on posteromedian por- placed by setiform scales apicomedially; fe-
tionsofinterstriae 1-4; striae shallow, strial male slightly extended to bluntly rounded
puncturessmall; strialscalesabsentorsmall. apex. Abdomen: Sterna 1-4 with long, at-
Pygidium (Figs. 3, 4): Male explanate api- tenuate, leucine scales, with broader, more
comedially, with sparse, elongate scales re- pallidscalesonposterolateral margins. Legs:
.
VOLUME NUMBER
95, 2 155
Protibia ofmale with preapical, inner-mar- al mucro of male without basal prominence;
ginal tooth; mesotibial and metatibial mu- metatibia of male with inner margin nearly
crones offemale obsolete. straight(Fig.8);metatibialmucroofmaleshort,
slightly curved, extended parallel to long axis
Relationships.—Thespeciesinthe^l. cavei oftibia,withoutbasalprominence(Fig.8);ster-
group appear to be closely related to the num 5 of male without apicomedian emargi-
species in the A. furcatus group. Adults of nation; aedeagusbroadly, evenlycurved in lat-
thespeciesofbothgroupsarerelativelylarge eral view (Fig. 14); 9th stemite with apodeme
and have large profemora with a large ven- not expanded at apex, basal plates narrowed
tral tooth and a smaller, more apical tooth. atpeircoamlleydi(Faing.de1p0)r;esfseimoanle(Fpiygg.i4d)iumwithoutpos- 2
The armature of the endophallus is also 2 Aedeagus symmetrical, bluntly rounded api-
similarin the twogroups. The speciesinthe cally. subparallel-sided in dorsal view; endo-
A. cavei group do not have apicolateral ae- phallus with two large, strongly curved, basal
deagal prominences like the ones that char- spineswithasmaller,curvedspinebetweenthem
andwithaslender,straight,moreapicalsclerite
acterize the species in the A.furcatus group (Fig. 13); profemur ca. 1.6x as wide as meta-
(Clark 1988: Figs. 23-32). They also lack femur A. ironia
the isolated posteromedian sclerite char- 2' Aedeagus asymmetrical in apical 'A in dorsal
acteristicofsternum 5 ofthemaleabdomen view; endophallus with two strongly curved,
ofmembers ofthe A. furcatus group (Clark basalspinesandwithalong,slender, moreapi-
1988: Figs. 19, 20) and most ofthe species acaslmsecltearfiteem(uFrig.(Fi1g5.);8p)rofemurca. 1.3Ax.apsraweitdeextum
in the Anthonomus subgenus Anthomor-
phus {CXdivk 1987). Anthonomus cavei Clark,
Plant associations.—Adults of A. cavei New Species
were collectedon Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Figs. 1-3, 5-7, 9, 11, 12
H.B.K. (Malpighiaceae) in Honduras. Lar- Holotype.-HONDURAS. Francisco
vae, pupae and pre-emergent adults ofthe Morazdn:male [Honduras: F. Mora./ElZa-
samespecieswereremovedfromflowerbuds morano/ 12 July, 1989/ W. E. Clark]
ofthe same plants. Adults of.4. praetextum (USNM).
were collected on unidentified Malpighi- Paratypes (132).-HONDURAS. Co-
aceae at Cardeal Mota, Minas Gerais, Bra- mayagua: [COMAYAGUA. HOND/ 0-6-
zil. 79/ No 20641] [Dr. Jerome/ V. Mankins]
female USNM). El Paraiso: [Honduras:
Key to Species in the (1
Anthonomus cavei Group El Par./ Jacaleapa/ 20 July, 1989/ W. E.
Clark] (1 male, 3 females AUEM). Francis-
1 Mesotibia of male with broad, subacute, me- co Morazdn: [Honduras: F. Mora./ El Za-
dsoitainbiparlommuicnreoncoefomnaliennweirtmhalrognignb(aFsiag.l 6p)r;ommei-- morano/ 12 July, 1989/ W. E. Clark] (3
nence (Fig. 6); metatibia ofmale with broader, males, 5 females AUEM); [Honduras: F.
moreblunt,innermarginalprominence(Fig.7); Mora./ El Zamorano/ 17 July, 1989/ W. E.
metatibial mucro of male short, truncated, Clark] (16 males, 7 females AUEM); [Hon-
emarginate, with a long, blunt, hooked basal duras: F. Mora./ foothills e. El/ Zamorano
pmreonmiwnitehncdeee(pFiag.pi7c);omsetdeirannumem5arogfinmaallieonab(Fdiog-. 12 July/ 1989 W. E. Clark] (6 males, 1 fe-
5);aedeagusstronglysinuateinlateralview(Fig. male AUEM); [Honduras: F. Mora./ foot-
12);9thstemiteofmalewithapodemeexpand- hills e. El/ Zamorano 18 July/ 1989 W. E.
ed at apex, basal plates short, thick, rounded Clark] [reared from/ flower buds] [Byrson-
(Fig. 9); female pygidium with deep, crescent ima/ crassifolia] (19 males, 13 females
shaped, posteromediandepression (Fig. 3) . . AUEM; 4 males, 4 females EAPZ; 4 males,
V Mesotibiaofmalewithslight,broadlyroundeid.,cavei 4 females TAMU). EL SALVADOR. Ca-
medianprominenceoninnermargin;mesotibi- banas: [EL SALVADOR, Cab./ 3 mi. SE.
PROCEEDINGS OFTHE ENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
156
13 14
15
Figs. 6-15. 6, Anthonomus cavei, left mesothoracic leg, <3 holotype, anterior view. 7, 8, Anthonomus cavei
group members, metathoracic leg, 3, anterior view. 7) A. cavei, holotype. 8) A. pmetextum, holotype. 9, 10,
Anthonomus caveigroup members, $ 9th stemite, ventral view. 9) A. cavei, holotype. 10) A. ironia. holotype.
11-15, Anthonomus cavei group members, aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views. 11) .4. cavei, holotype, dorsal
view; 12) A. cavei. holotype, lateral view; 13) A. ironia, holotype, dorsal view; 14) A. ironia, holotype, lateral
view; 15)A. praetextum, dorsal view.
VOLUME NUMBER
95, 2 157
Ilobasco,/ 2100' VI-9-1974 C&L/ O'Brien ca. 1.3X as wide as metafemur; protibia
& Marshall] (1 male CWOB). La Libertad: with slight inner marginal prominence in
[El Salvador/ 20 km./ E. La Libertad, V.3, apical %; protibial uncus long, nearly
/ 1971 H. F. Howden] (1 1 males, 12 females straight, with slight basal prominence; me-
HAHC). MEXICO. [337/ S] [Mex] (1 male sotibiawith broad, subacute, median prom-
MCZC). PANAMA. Panama: [PANAMA: inence on inner margin, mesotibial mucro
Panama/ 5 mi.NW Gamboa/ 15JUL76 Y short, withlongbasal prominence; metatib-
Lubin/ canopy fog] (1 male HPSC); [Pacora ia with broader, more blunt, innermarginal
Panama/ 11-5-45/ H. H. Stage] [Area E on prominence; metatibial mucro short, trun-
sheet/ 6 hrs. after/ treatment/ 45-4519] [ge- cated,emarginate,withalong,blunt,hooked
nusnr./Anthonomus](1 maleUSNM); [Pa- basal prominence. Genitalia(Figs. 9, 11, 12):
cora Panama/ 11-6-45/ H. H. Stage] [Area 9thstemitewithapodemeexpandedatapex,
C sheet/ 6 hrs. after/ treatment/ 45-4519] basal plates short, thick, rounded; aedeagus
(2 males, 1 female USNM); [Pacora Pana- subparallel-sidedindorsalview,withslight,
ma/ 11-6-45/ H. H. Stage] [Area E sheet/ 24 obtuse, subapicolateral prominences,
hrs. after/ treatment/ 45-4519] (1 male stronglysinuateinlateralview;endophallus
USNM); [Pacora Panama/ 11-6-45/ H. H. with two strongly curved basal spines, a
Stage H-214/ 45-8914] (1 male USNM); slender, slightly curved sclerite between
[PacoraPanama/11-7-45/H. H. StageH212/ them and with a slender, straight, moreapi-
iUnSNjMun)g;le/[Pa4c5o-r8a91P4a]na(m2a/ma1l1e-s7-415/fHe.maHl.e calAdscullertitef.emale.—L^A2^//2.- 4.1-4.6 mm
Stage/Area C 24 hrs. /45-4519] [Apparan/ (mean = 4.2, n = 10). Width: 1.8-2.4 mm
Anthonomus/ of flavirostris/ group - not/ (mean = 2.2, n = 10). Rostrum:Length 1.3-
found in BC/W (See. S. Amer.)] [Note/ re- 1.5 (mean = 1.4, n = 10) x pronotal length;
markable/ $ med. lobe/ (mating end/ to length of apical portion 26-31% (mean =
end?)] (1 male USNM); [Pacora Panama/ 27, n = 10) oftotal rostral length. Pygidium
11-7-45/ H. H. Stage/ Area C 24 hrs./ 45- (Fig. 3): With deep, crescent shaped, pos-
4519] (4 females USNM); [Pacora Panama/ teromedian depression. Legs: Protibial un-
11-9-45/ H. H. Stage] [Nr. Trap B-4/ on cus short, slender, without basal promi-
sheet/ 45-4519] [Nr. Trap B4/ 2-9-45/ on nence.
sheet] (1 female USNM). Larva.—Body (Fig. 16): Strongly curved;
mm
Recognition characters (Figs. 1, 2).—An- length 2.6-4.9 (measured across arc of
thonomus cavei is distinguished from the body). Asperities minute, varying from
other two species in the A. cavei group by rounded to somewhat acutely pointed, fair-
the characters of the meso- and metatibia ly evenly distributed over body. Setae pale,
of the male, sternum 5 of the male abdo- inconspicuous. Color dingy white; prono-
men, the aedeagus and 9th stemite of the tum not pigmented. Head (Fig. 17): Color
male genitalia, and ofthe female pygidium amber. Broadly rounded posteriorly with
listed in the key to the species ofthe group. sides becoming less rounded anteriorly.
Adult male.—Length:4.2-4.7 mm (mean Width 0.67-0.77 mm (n = 30). Antenna
= 4.5, n = 10). Width: 2.1-2.3 mm (mean (Fig. 22): Basalarticlebearingelongate-oval
= 2.2, n = 10). Rostrum: Length 1.4-1.6 appendage and four short, stout setae, one
(mean = 1.5, n = 10) x pronotal length; ofwhich is longer than others. Endocarina
length of apical portion 21-26% (mean = (endocarinal line): Distinct, extending
23, n = 10) oftotal rostral length. Abdomen slightly past middle offrons. Epicranialsu-
(Fig. 5): Sternum 5 flattened and sparsely ture (coronal suture): Slightly less than Vi
setose medially, with deep apicomedian length ofhead capsule. Frontal setae: Four
emargination. Legs (Figs. 6, 7): Profemur pairs; setae 1 and 3 short, seta 3 located
158 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE ENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
dorsad and slightly laterad of4; setae 4 and 10 stout setae, seven dorsal (dorsal lacinial)
5 approximately equal in length, distinctly and three ventral (ventral lacinial). Labial
longer than 1 and 3. Frontal sensilla: Two palpus (Fig. 18): Consists of two articles;
pairs; one pair located approximately equi- apical article bears several minute papillae
distantfromsetae 1 and 3,otherpairlaterad andasensillum. Basal articlebearstwo sen-
and slightly dorsad of seta 3. Dorsal epi- silla. Premental sclerite: With moderately
cranial setae: Five pairs; setae 1, 4 and 5 long posterior process and pair of sensilla
slender, long; seta 2 longerthan 3, both dis- near bases oflateral arms. One pair oflong
tinctly shorter than other dorsal epicranial premental (prelabial) setae present. Three
setae; seta 4 located close to frontal suture. pairs of glossal setae, posteriormost pair
Posterior epicranialsetae: Four pairs; min- slightly longer. Three pairs of postmental
ute,peglikearrangedinstronglycurvedline; setae, setae 1 and 2 subequal in length, seta
lowersetaofserieslocatedaboveandslight- 3 much shorter. Thorax (Fig. 16) (setae de-
ly mesad ofdorsal epicranial seta 2. Dorsal scribedononesideofbodyonly): Pronotum
epicranialsensilla: Three pairs; one pair lo- bearingeight long setae. One prodorsal and
cated between innermost posteriorepicran- five postdorsal setae present on each of
ial setae; one pair directly above dorsal epi- meso- and metathorax; postdorsal setae 2
cranial setae 1; one pair approximately and 4 shorter than setae 1, 3 and 5. Two
midway between dorsal epicranial setae 4 spiracular (alar) setae of unequal length
and 5. Lateral epicranial seta: 1, ca. length present. Epipleural (dorsopleural) lobe
oflateral epicranial seta 2. Ventralepicran- bearing one long seta. Two pleural (ventro-
ial seta: 1, slightly shorter than ventral epi- pleural) setae ofunequal length on protho-
cranial seta 2. Clypeal setae (Fig. 19): Ca. rax; one long seta on each of meso- and
samelength, seta 1 locatedclosertoanterior metathorax.Threelongpedal(laterostemal)
marginoffronsthan 2. Clypealsensilla:Two setae, oneofwhich ismuchlongerthan oth-
pairs; one pair located ca. equidistant be- ers. Sternal (mediostemal) seta short, in-
tweenclypeal setae 1 and 2; onepairlocated conspicuous. Abdomen (Fig. 16): Abdomi-
infrontofsetae 1. Labralsetae:Threepairs; nal segments 1-7 with three distinct dorsal
setae 1 and 2 ca. same length; seta 3 shorter. folds. Prodorsum (fold I) of segments 1-8
One pairofsensilla located laterad oflabral each with short seta. Five postdorsal (fold
setae I.Epipharynx(Fig. 20)(epipharyngeal III) setae on each ofsegments 1-8; setae 1,
lining): Bearing two pairs ofanteromedian 3 and 5 longer than setae 2 and 4. Two
setae. Three pairs ofstout anterolateral se- spiracular (alar) setae; one seta distinctly
tae present. Labralrods (tormae): Elongate, longer than other. Epipleurum (dorsopleu-
converging posteriorly. Epipharyngeal sen- rum) bearing one long and one short seta.
sorypores:Four, arranged in two clusters of One short pleural (ventropleural) seta.
two pores each. Two pairs ofstout median Two minute pedal setae. Anus subterminal;
epipharyngealspinespresentbetweenlabral surrounded by four lobes, each bearing a
rods. Mandibles (Fig. 21): Each with two minute seta; anterior and posterior lobes
bluntly to fairly sharply pointed teeth; two prominent, lateral lobes narrow and incon-
long setae ca. same length; one sensillum spicuous. Segment 9 bearingprominent lat-
located near base of mandible. Maxillary eral lobe and eight short setae. Spiracles bi-
palpus(Fig. 18): Withapicalarticleca. same cameral; air tubes each with four or five
length as basal article; bearing several min- annuli. (Thirty specimens fromthefoothills
ute papillae at apex; sensillum located near east of El Zamorano, Francisco Morazan,
middle. Basal article bearing seta of mod- Honduras, extracted from flower buds of
erate length and two sensilla. Stipitalsetae: Byrsonima crassifolia, 18 July, 1989, by W.
1, 3 and 4 long, ca. equal in length; seta 2 E. Clark (TAMU); identified by association
much shorter. Mala (lacinial lobe): Bearing with adults.)
VOLUME NUMBER
95, 2 159
Figs. 16-26. \6-22,Th\rd\nslar\ar\'aofAnthouomiiscavci. 16) lateralview; 17)headcapsule, frontalview;
18)labiumandright maxilla, ventral view; 19)clypeusand labrum; 20)epipharynx; 21)mandible; 22)antenna.
Line accompanying Fig. 16 = 1.0 mm; Fig. 17 = 0.5 mm; Fig. 18 = 0.25 mm; other larval figures greatly
enlarged. 23-26, Pupa ofAnthononnis cavci. 23) head, rostrum and ventral view ofprothorax; 24) pronotum
andmesonotum,dorsalview;25)terminalabdominalsegments,dorsalview;26)9thabdominalsegment,lateral
view. Lines accompanying Figs. 23, 24 and 25 = 1.0 mm; Fig. 26 greatly enlarged.
Pupa.—Length:4.4-5.6 mm(n = 7). Head seta short, inconspicuous, ca. same length
(Fig. 23): Frontal setae inconspicuous, as sharply pointed tubercle on which it is
straight, each borne on summit of low, borne. Pronotum (Fig. 24): Pronotal setae
roundedtubercle;pairseparatedbydistance fine, straight to slightly curved; setae on an-
2X length ofa seta. Supraorbital setae ab- terior margin slightly shorter than on pos-
sent. One pair of fine, straight basisrostral terior margin. Anteromedian setae minute,
(interocular)setae; eachapproximatelysame each borne on anterior face of transverse,
length as frontal seta; each borne on small truncate tubercle; tubercles separated by
tubercle. One pair ofdistirostral setae; each distancelessthan width ofatubercle. Three
160 PROCEEDINGS OFTHE ENTOMOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
pairs ofanterolateral setae; each borne on buds taken from the same trees on 18 July,
summit oflow, rounded tubercle; tubercles 1989,andadultsemergedfromsomeofthese
usually ca. equidistant from each other. buds on each ofthe following several days.
Posteromedian setae each borne on side of Infested buds remain attached to the inflo-
sharply pointed tubercle; tubercles separat- rescence, secured by what is apparently a
ed by distance equal to length of a seta. larval secretion.
Three pairs ofposterolateral setae arranged "DisXhhuXion.—Anthonomus cavei is
in moderately strongly curved line on each known only from the type series from El
side ofpronotum; each seta borne subapi- Salvador {Cabanas, La Libertad), Hondu-
cally on sharply pointed tubercle. Mesono- ras (Comayagua, Francisco Morazan),
tum (Fig. 24): Three pairs ofstraight meso- Mexico (locality unspecified), and Panama
notal setae; each borne on summit oflow, (Panama).
rounded tubercle; outer seta slightly longer Observations.—An inscription in the
than others. Metanotum: Three pairs of hand ofL. L. Buchanan on a label on one
straight metanotal setae; each borne on low of the paratypes ofA. cavei from Panama
tubercle; setaeincreasingin lengthoutward; states "Note remarkable <3 med. lobe (mat-
more widely separated than mesonotals. ingend/toend?)."Thisreferstotheunusual
Abdomen (Fig. 25): Three pairs ofpale, in- sinuate shape ofthe aedeagus (Figs. 1, 12).
conspicuous discotergal setae; each borne When extruded, as it is in several of the
on summit of small, rounded tubercle ex- paratypes (Fig. 1), the apical V2 of the ae-
cept outer seta on tergites 6-8 which arises deagus projects posteriorly, parallel to the
fromsideofsharplypointedtubercle. Later- long axis ofthe body ofthe insect, instead
otergal seta 1 short, not longerthan sharply ofdownward at roughly a right angle, as in
pointed tubercle on which it is borne. Lat- the other two species in the A. cavei group
erotergal seta 2 located subapically on and in Anthonomini in general.
sharply pointed tubercle; on basal tergites The elytral elevations exhibit individual,
tubercle occasionally without sharp point. sexual, andgeographic variation. The length
Spiracles well developed on first five ab- and height of the median elevation on in-
dominal segments, absent on others. Lat- terstria 3 varies geographically. Specimens
erostemalandsublaterostemalsetaeabsent. from Panama have this much longer and
Segment 9 bearing pair of slender, pig- higherthandospecimensfrom El Salvador,
mented, sharply pointed processes which whereas length and height is intermediate
curve upward near apex (Fig. 26); one pair in the specimens from Honduras. In the
offine setae borne laterally on segment an- Panamanian males, and to a lesser extent,
teriorly to bases of processes: two pairs of the males from Honduras, there is also a
setaeonbasesofprocesses,onepairofwhich tendency for the anterior and especially the
is located dorsally. (Seven specimens from posterior ends of these prominences to be
thefoothillseast ofElZamorano, Francisco higherthan the middle portions. This isev-
Morazan, Honduras, extracted from flower ident in all ofthe females, even in the ones
budsofByrsonimacmssifolia, 18July, 1989, from El Salvador, but is markedly pro-
by W. E. Clark (TAMU); identified by as- nounced in the Panamanian specimens in
sociation with adults.) which the posterior portion is very high. In
Plant associations.—The paratypes o^A. the Panamanian specimens, and to a lesser
caveifromthefoothillseastofElZamorano, extent in the Honduran ones, interstria 5
Honduras, were collected on Byrsonima has a slight, elongate, elevated section, and
cmssifolia (L.) H.B.K. Most ofthese adults interstriae 3 and 5 have variously elevated
were collected with a beating sheet, but lar- apical sections.
vae and pupae were extracted from flower Etymological note.—This species is
VOLUME NUMBER
95, 2 161
named for Ronald D. Cave in appreciation between them and with a slender, straight,
for his assistance in collecting the holotype more apical sclerite.
and many ofthe paratypes. Adult iQ.m.2^^t.—Length: 3.7-3.8 mm
(mean = 3.8, n = 2). Width: 1.8-1.9 mm
Anthonomus ironia Clark, (mean = 1.9, n = 2). Rostrum: Length 1.4-
New Species 1.5 (mean = 1.4, n = 2) x pronotal length;
length of apical portion 27-34% (mean =
Figs. 4, 10, 13, 14
31, n = 2) oftotal rostral length. Pygidium
Holotype.-COLOMBIA. Tolima: male (Fig. 4): Without posteromedian depres-
[Colombia: Tolima/Espinal/ 18June 1982/ sion.
Clark and Cave] (USNM). Plant associations.—Unknown.
Paratypes (2).-COLOMBIA. Tolima: D'l^XnhuXion.—Anthonomus ironia is
[Colombia: Tolima/Espinal/ 18June 1982/ known only from the type series from Co-
Clark and Cave] (2 females AUEM). lombia {Tolima).
Recognition characters.—Anthonomus Etymological note.—The specific epithet
ironia is distinguished from A. cavei by the is a Latin noun meaning the saying ofone
charactersofthe meso-and metatibia ofthe thing but meaning the opposite.
male, sternum 5 ofthe male abdomen, the
aedeagus and 9th stemite ofthe male gen- Anthonomuspraetextum Clark,
New Species
italia, and ofthe female pygidium listed in
the key to the species of the group. It is Figs. 8, 15
distinguished from A. praetextum by the Holotype.—BRAZIL. Golds: male [Cris-
characters ofthe profemur and male geni- talina 1200m/ GOIAS, BRASIL/ Bordon
talia listed in the key. 16X1 83](DZUP).
Adult vci2L\Q.—Length: 3.7 mm (n = 10). Paratypes (12).-BRAZIL. DistritoFede-
Width: 1.8 (n = 10). Rostrum: Length 1.4 ral: [BR/VZIL, DF, 1000m/ ParqueNacion-
(n = 1) X pronotal length; length ofapical al/III-II-1970,JM/& BACampbell] (1 male
portion 25 (n = 1) of total rostral length. CNCI). Golds: [Aragargas/ Goias - Brasil/
Abdomen: Sternum 5 not flattened medi- 12.IV.1953/ Sick Col.] (1 female MZSP);
ally, without apicomedian emargination. [BRESIL/ GOYAZ - JATAHY/ coll. A.
Legs: Profemur ca. 1.6x as wide as meta- Hust.] [Hustache det.] [COTYPUS] [An-
femur; protibia without significant inner thonomus/ triangulipennis/ m./ cotype]
marginal prominence; protibial uncus short, [Dtsch. Entomol./ Institut Berlin] [Coll.
slightly curved, without basal prominence; DEI/ Eberswalde] [A./ triangulipennis/
mesotibia with slight, broad, median, inner Hust.] (1 male DEIC). MinasGerais: [BRA-
marginal prominence; mesotibial mucro ZIL: M. G./ Cardeal Mota/ 17 Sept. 1985/
slender, without basal prominence; meta- Clark & Martins] (2 males, 6 females
tibia with inner margin nearly straight; AUEM). Pernambuco: [Col on/ Cotton]
metatibial mucro short, slightly curved, ex- [Bonito Prov./ Pernambuco/ Brazil. 17.1.82]
tended parallel to longaxis oftibia, without (1 female USNM).
basal prominence. Genitalia (Figs. 10, 13, Recognition characters.—Anthonomus
14): 9th stemite with apodeme not expand- praetextum is distinguished from A. cavei
ed at apex, basal plates narrowed apically; bythecharactersofthemeso-andmetatibia
aedeagussymmetrical,bluntlyroundedapi- of the male, sternum 5 of the male abdo-
cally, subparallel-sided in dorsal view, men, the aedeagus and 9th stemite of the
broadly, evenly curved in lateral view; en- male genitalia, and ofthe female pygidium
dophallus with two large, strongly curved, listed in the key to the species ofthe group.
basal spines with a smaller, curved spine It is distinguished from A. ironia by the