Table Of Content

Subject Index Volume 63 Absorptiometry, dual-energy. See Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, Absorption. See Intestinal absorption 4 Aceruloplasminemia, 836S body-composition measurement in children, 287 Acetate, calcium absorption from distal colon and, 574 impact of hemodialysis, 80 Achievement motivation, iodine deficiency and, 782 screening for nutrition interventions, 671 Adaptation, efficiency of calcium absorption during inadequate calcium stunting and wasting in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 intake in adolescent girls, 579 vitamin A supplementation and child growth in Ghana, 773 Adhesion molecules, monocyte expression, fish oil supplementation and, Antibody(ies), in genetically engineered infant formulas, 646S 267 Antioxidants Adolescence nutritional status, in cystic fibrosis (letter), 138 calcium intake and magnesium balance in females, 950 oxidative damage and defense, 985S efficiency of calcium absorption during inadequate calcium intake in plasma adolescent girls, 579 cigarette smoke and, 559 healthy weight in, 409S in critically ill, vitamin C status, 760 overweight red wine consumption and, 329 body mass index screening for adiposity, 500 Apolipoprotein(s), apo E morbidity and mortality, 445S diet-lipid associations and, 87 Age/aging phenotype, influence on serum lipoprotein(a) in infants, 386 accuracy and precision of food intake assessment methods, 491 Appetite biochemical indexes of vitamin K status, 566 hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 body composition and bone mineral content in elderly population, 365 sucrose polyester intake and, 891 B vitamins, homocysteine, and cognitive performance, 306 Arachidonic acid, plasma, preterm infants, docosahexaenoic acid vs. lin- Alcoholic liver disease olenic acid supplementation, 687 cirrhosis, malnutrition in, 602 Ascorbic acid cytokines and, 373 copper bioavailability and, 821S Alcohol ingestion immune response and, 994S hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 oxidative damage and defense, 985S red wine, LDL oxidation, and antioxidants, 329 plasma, in critically ill, 760 white wine, LDL oxidation, and antioxidants (letter), 403 Atherosclerosis, copper metabolism in, 797S Alcoholism cytokines in obese alcoholics, 373 Bayley Mental Developmental Index, fatty acids and, 997S hyperhomocysteinemia in, folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 status Behavior, influence of lifetime behaviors on bone density, 72 and, 220 Bifidobacteria, fecal, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation and, Allergens, in genetically engineered plants, 651S 709 ALS. See Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) Alveular macrophage, phospholipids, modification of PUFA composition body-composition measurement in children, 287 by continuous enteral feeding of n—3 fatty acids (rat), 208 impact of hemodialysis, 80 American Health Foundation, Roundtable on Healthy Weight, 409S. See multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 also Healthy weight Bioelectrical resistance, body-composition measurement in children, accu- recommendations, 474S racy of, 299 Amino acids. See also specific amino acids Blood glucose dietary, copper bioavailability and, 821S in obese older women, diet and exercise and, 225 digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy fiber supple- response to dietary fats, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 249 mentation, 584 Blood pressure indispensable, phenylalanine kinetics, 532 body weight and, 423S plasma, postprandial, Mexican diet, 335 effect of National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, 234 Ammonia, fecal, resistant starch and, 766 Body build, healthy body weight and, 412S Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, nutritional status, 130 Body composition Androstenedione, plasma, low resting metabolic rate and obesity and, 879 anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, Anemia 4 copper deficiency and, 791S, 797S assessment, impact of hemodialysis, 80 iron deficiency, in pregnancy, 884 bone density in mother-daughter pairs, behavioral vs. genetic influences, Anthropometry 72 1002 Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:1002-10. Printed in USA. © 1996 American Society for Clinical Nutrition Subject Index Volume 63 Absorptiometry, dual-energy. See Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, Absorption. See Intestinal absorption 4 Aceruloplasminemia, 836S body-composition measurement in children, 287 Acetate, calcium absorption from distal colon and, 574 impact of hemodialysis, 80 Achievement motivation, iodine deficiency and, 782 screening for nutrition interventions, 671 Adaptation, efficiency of calcium absorption during inadequate calcium stunting and wasting in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 intake in adolescent girls, 579 vitamin A supplementation and child growth in Ghana, 773 Adhesion molecules, monocyte expression, fish oil supplementation and, Antibody(ies), in genetically engineered infant formulas, 646S 267 Antioxidants Adolescence nutritional status, in cystic fibrosis (letter), 138 calcium intake and magnesium balance in females, 950 oxidative damage and defense, 985S efficiency of calcium absorption during inadequate calcium intake in plasma adolescent girls, 579 cigarette smoke and, 559 healthy weight in, 409S in critically ill, vitamin C status, 760 overweight red wine consumption and, 329 body mass index screening for adiposity, 500 Apolipoprotein(s), apo E morbidity and mortality, 445S diet-lipid associations and, 87 Age/aging phenotype, influence on serum lipoprotein(a) in infants, 386 accuracy and precision of food intake assessment methods, 491 Appetite biochemical indexes of vitamin K status, 566 hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 body composition and bone mineral content in elderly population, 365 sucrose polyester intake and, 891 B vitamins, homocysteine, and cognitive performance, 306 Arachidonic acid, plasma, preterm infants, docosahexaenoic acid vs. lin- Alcoholic liver disease olenic acid supplementation, 687 cirrhosis, malnutrition in, 602 Ascorbic acid cytokines and, 373 copper bioavailability and, 821S Alcohol ingestion immune response and, 994S hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 oxidative damage and defense, 985S red wine, LDL oxidation, and antioxidants, 329 plasma, in critically ill, 760 white wine, LDL oxidation, and antioxidants (letter), 403 Atherosclerosis, copper metabolism in, 797S Alcoholism cytokines in obese alcoholics, 373 Bayley Mental Developmental Index, fatty acids and, 997S hyperhomocysteinemia in, folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 status Behavior, influence of lifetime behaviors on bone density, 72 and, 220 Bifidobacteria, fecal, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation and, Allergens, in genetically engineered plants, 651S 709 ALS. See Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) Alveular macrophage, phospholipids, modification of PUFA composition body-composition measurement in children, 287 by continuous enteral feeding of n—3 fatty acids (rat), 208 impact of hemodialysis, 80 American Health Foundation, Roundtable on Healthy Weight, 409S. See multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 also Healthy weight Bioelectrical resistance, body-composition measurement in children, accu- recommendations, 474S racy of, 299 Amino acids. See also specific amino acids Blood glucose dietary, copper bioavailability and, 821S in obese older women, diet and exercise and, 225 digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy fiber supple- response to dietary fats, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 249 mentation, 584 Blood pressure indispensable, phenylalanine kinetics, 532 body weight and, 423S plasma, postprandial, Mexican diet, 335 effect of National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, 234 Ammonia, fecal, resistant starch and, 766 Body build, healthy body weight and, 412S Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, nutritional status, 130 Body composition Androstenedione, plasma, low resting metabolic rate and obesity and, 879 anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, Anemia 4 copper deficiency and, 791S, 797S assessment, impact of hemodialysis, 80 iron deficiency, in pregnancy, 884 bone density in mother-daughter pairs, behavioral vs. genetic influences, Anthropometry 72 1002 Am J Clin Nutr 1996;63:1002-10. Printed in USA. © 1996 American Society for Clinical Nutrition SUBJECT INDEX 1003 bone mineral content and, in elderly population, 365 man, 283 calculation, multicompartment models (equations), 856 Nutrition for the Hospitalized Patient: Basic Science and Principles of in children, dietary fat intake and, 507 Practice, MH Torosian (ed.), 618 chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) training and, 954 Nutrition Guidelines, A Arbelot (ed.), 617 effects of increased physical activity, 456S Practical Handbook of Nutrition in Clinical Practice, DF Kirby & SJ geriatric population, urinary creatinine, 151 Dudrick (eds.), 979 measurement in children Quality and Accessibility of Food-Related Data, H Greenfield (ed.), 789 accuracy of techniques, 299 Sports Nutrition: Minerals and Electrolytes, CV Kies & JA Driskell comparison of techniques, 287 (eds.), 142 neonate, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 157 Vitamin Pushers: How the Health Food Industry Is Selling America a Body fat. See also Fat mass Bill of Goods, S Barrett & V Herbert, 406 anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, Borage oil, enteral feeding, modification of lung and liver macrophage 4 phospholipid fatty acid content, 208 distribution Breast cancer anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitome- healthy weight in, 409S try, 4 risk, body weight and, 437S in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effects of high-carbohy- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, in premature infants drate, low-fat diet vs. modified-fat diet, 254 predictive value of intramuscular relative dose-response test, 123 risk for breast and endometrial cancers, 437S visual acuity and, 687 multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 neonate, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 157 Calcium Body mass index (BMI), 412S absorption anthropometric measures to predict body composition by densitometry, effect of acetate and butyrate, 574 4 during inadequate calcium intake in adolescent girls, 579 healthy weight, 448S during lactation and after weaning, 526 in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 426S bioavailability, calcium supplements, 354 ostecporosis and, 433S dietary intake risk for breast and endometrial cancers, 437S in adolescent girls, magnesium balance and, 950 screening for adiposity in children and adolescents, sensitivity and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 130 specificity, 500 inadequate, efficiency of calcium absorption in adolescent girls, 579 Body water influence of lifetime behaviors on bone density in mother-daughter multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 pairs, 72 total, changes induced by strength training in postmenopausal women, low-fat diet and, 67 sensitivity of body-composition assessment techniques, 678 supplementation, bioavailability, 354 Body weight. See also Weight loss urinary excretion, sodium intake and, 735 blood pressure regulation and, 423S Calcium carbonate, calcium bioavailability, 354 cancer risk Cancer. See also specific organs breast and endometrial cancers, 437S copper metabolism in, 797S colon cancer, 442S Canola oil, monounsaturated fat intake and lipoprotein lipid profile in cardiovascular disease and, 419S Antarctic Expedition members, 933 healthy. See Healthy weight Carbohydrate(s) non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and, 426S dietary, copper bioavailability and, 821S osteoarthritis and, 430S digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy fiber supple- osteoporosis and, 433S mentation, 584 social and economic effects in United States, 466S glycemic index, influence on insulin action and muscle substrates, 47 Bone abnormalities. See also Osteoporosis in low-energy diet, weight loss and, 174 copper deficiency and, 791S y-Carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-creatinine excretion ratio, urinary, vitamin Bone density K status, 566 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 80 Cardiovascular disease in mother-daughter pairs, influence of lifetime behaviors, 72 healthy weight in, 409S osteoporosis and, 433S overweight and, 419S Bone mass, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, validation of whole-body risk factors, in obese older women, diet and exercise and, 225 composition measures in pediatric body weight range, 293 Cardiovascular function, n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 991S Bone mineral content te supplementation and, body composition and, in elderly population, 365 904 multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 B-Carotene neonate, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 157 all-trans, bioavailability, 729 Bone mineral density. See also Bone density immune response and, 994S determinants, 433S oxidative damage and defense, 985S Book reviews supplementation, carotenoid and tocopherol concentrations in plasma Advanced Nutrition: Macronutrients, CD Berdanier, 141 and blood cells, 553 Child Health, Nutrition, and Physical Activity, LWY Cheung (ed.), 615 Carotenoids Childhood Nutrition, F Lifshitz (ed.), 979 plasma, cigarette smoke and, 559 Damaged Brain of Iodine Deficiency, JB Stanbury (ed.), 615 in plasma and blood cells, B-carotene supplementation and, 553 Diabetes: Nestlé Nutrition Workshop Series, Vol. 35, RM Cowett (ed.), Casein 789 jejunal digestion, 546 Eat Not This Flesh: Food Avoidances From Prehistory to the Present mammary gland-specific gene expression (rat), 627S (2nd ed), FJ Simoons, 616 Cephalic phase response, oronasal sensory stimulation with fats, 911 Geriatric Nutrition: A Comprehensive Review (2nd ed), JE Morley, Z Ceruloplasmin Glick & LZ Rubenstein, 406 hepatic copper homeostasis, 812S Human Energetics in Biological Anthropology, SJ Ulijaszek, 141 plasma, copper depletion and, 358 Human Variability and Plasticity-Cambridge Studies in Biological An- Children. See Pediatric population thropology, CGN Mascie-Taylor & B Bogin (eds.), 616 Cholesterol Nutrition: Essentials and Diet Therapy, N} Peckenpaugh & CM Pole- low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) 1004 SUBJECT INDEX effect of fat-modified dairy products, 42 synthesis, dietary n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 116 effect of National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, 234 Cytotoxicity, copper-induced, 812S serum dietary saturated faity acid intake and, 897 Dairy products, fatty acids, modification via feedlot technology, plasma monounsaturated fat intake and, 933 cholesterol effect in humans, 42 Choline, supplementation, carnitine status and, 904 Dehydroascorbic acid, plasma, in critically ill, 760 Chromium, supplementation, resistance (weight) training plus, effects on Dehydroretinol response. See Modified-relative-dose-response (MRDR) body composition, strength, and trace mineral status, 954 test Chylomicron(s), triacylglycerols, response to dietary fatty acids, 36 Depression, in obesity, consequences of weight loss, 461S Cigarette smoke. See Smoking Diabetes mellitus Cirrhosis healthy weight in, 409S Indian childhood cirrhosis, copper in, 830S non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) malnutrition in, 602 body fat distribution, effects of high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet vs. non-Indian (idiopathic) childhood cirrhosis, 842S modified-fat diet, 254 Clotting factor VIII, copper depletion and, 358 body weight and, 426S Cobalamin deficiency. See also Vitamin B-12 dietary fats and glycemic responses in, 249 kinetics of total plasma homocysteine in, 194 high-ketogenic very-low-energy diet in, 110 Cognitive performance RRR-a-tocopherol supplementation, LDL oxidizability and, 753 nutritional status and, 997S Diet relations of vitamin B-12, vitamin B-6, folate, and homocysteine to, 306 body fat distribution in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effects Colon of high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet vs. modified-fat diet, 254 distal, calcium absorption, effect of acetate and butyrate, 574 composition, glycemia reduction in obese patients with non-insulin- protein metabolism, resistant starch and, 766 dependent diabetes mellitus on very-low-energy diets, 110 Colon cancer, risk, body weight and, 442S high-fat, hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and aicohol intake, 479 Communication, current knowledge on adverse health consequences, com- low-energy, nutrient composition and weight loss, 174 munications challenges and opportunities, 470S low-fat, calcium intake and, 67 Composite response element, mammary gland expression of milk protein- Mexican, plasma amino acid profile, 335 based transgenes (rat), 627S National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, effect on plasma Consumer acceptance, bicengineered food products, 657S lipoproteins and blood pressure, 234 Copper in obese older women, cardiovascular disease risk factors and, 225 absorption, 821S serum lipids and, influence of apolipoprotein E polymorphism, 87 acceptable daily intake, 846S sex hormone-binding globulin levels and, 22 bioavailability, 821S very-low-energy, in obese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes cytotoxicity, 812S mellitus, 110 dietary sources, 791S, 797S Dietary change, Crohn’s disease in Japan and, 741 as essential nutrient, 791S Dietary intervention hepatic storage and transport, 812S cholesterol-lowering diet and serum lipoprotein(a) in infants, 386 in Indian childhood cirrhosis, 830S monounsaturated fat intake and lipoprotein lipid profile in Antarctic metabolic tolerance limits, 846S Expedition members, 933 metabolism, 797S Differential-benefit approach, screening for nutrition interventions, 671 molecular biology, 797S Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) nutritional biochemistry, 797S dietary, immunologic effects (monkey), 273 nutritional status, 821S phospholipid content in plasma and erythrocytes, dietary n—3 PUFA chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) training and, 954 supplementation and, 925 recommendations and regulations, 846S supplementation, effect on visual acuity and growth of preterm infants requirements, 846S with/without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 687 toxicity and toxicosis, 797S, 830S, 846S. See also Menkes syndrome; Doubly labeled water, energy expenditure Wilson disease correlation with energy intakes from food records, 483 genetic and molecular basis, 836S correlation with food intake assessment methods, 491 idiopathic toxicosis, 842S in smokers and nonsmokers, 15 Copper-binding proteins, 797S Drinking water Copper deficiency, 791S copper concentration, 791S response of copper-status indicators, 358 safety limit, 846S Coronary artery disease, severity, vitamin E concentrations in serum and iron fortification (letter), 612 LDL and, 377 Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Creatinine, urinarv excretion body composition and bone mineral content in elderly population, 365 body composition in elderly population, 151 body-composition measurement in children, 287, 299 total-body skeletal muscle mass, 863 body fat distribution in non-insulin-dependent diabetzs mellitus, effects Critical care patients, plasma total vitamin C, ascorbic acid, and dehy- of high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet vs. modified-fat diet, 254 droascorbic acid in, 760 bone density in mother-daughter pairs, 72 Crohn’s disease, dietary change and, in Japan, 741 impact of hemodialysis, 80 Culture studies, linoleic acid and nuclear transcription factor-«B activation infant body composition, 157 in cultured endothelial cells, 322 multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 Cysteine, plasma, in HIV infection, 242 validation of whole-body composition measures in pediatric body Cystic fibrosis weight range, 293 antioxidant status in (letter), 138 Dunaliella bardawil, stereoisomei B-carotene mixture, bioavailability, 729 linoleic acid intake and growth in infants, 746 response to single dose of oral vitamin E, 717 Economic issues, health expenditures for obesity, 466S vitamin E supplementation, RRR-a-tocopherol vs. all-rac-a-tocopheryl Editorial, with appreciation, 1 acetate, 722 Education Cytochrome c oxidase, platelet, copper depletion and, 358 bioengineered food products, 657S Cytokine(s) current knowledge on adverse health consequences, communications in genetically engineered infant formulas, 646S challenges and opportunities, 470S in obese alcoholics, 373 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n—3) SUBJECT INDEX 1005 dietary, immunologic effects (monkey), 273 low resting metaboic rate and obesity, 879 monocyte content, cytokine synthesis and, 116 Fat mass phospholipid content in plasma and erythrocytes, dietary n—3 PUFA body-composition measurement in children, accuracy of techniques, 299 supplementation and, 925 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, validation of whole-body composi- Endometrial cancer tion measures in pediatric body weight range, 293 healthy weight in, 409S osteoporosis and, 433S risk, body weight and, 437S Fat substitute, sucrose polyester (olestra), 891 Endothelial dysfunction, linoleic acid and nuclear transcription factor-«xB Fatty acids activation, 322 cognitive function and, 997S Energy balance, urban Colombian women, heart rate monitoring vs. fac- dietary torial methods, 870 effect of fat-modified dairy products on plasma cholesterol, 42 Energy cost of activity, urban Colombian women, heart rate monitoring vs. plasma triacylglycerol response to, 36 factorial methods, 870 essential, functions, 991S Energy expenditure fecal excretion, dietary stearic acid intake and (letter), 400 correlation with food intake assessment methods, 491 in genetically engineered plants, 651S in intervention-trial subjects, correlation with energy intakes from food nonesterified, plasma, response to dietary fatty acids, 36 records, 483 n—3 polyunsaturated smokers vs. nonsmokers, 15 dietary intake, Crohn’s disease in Japan and, 741 thermic effect of food, 164 effect of flaxseed oil-based vs. fish oil-based diet on cytokine syn- total, basal metabolic rate and (letter), 281 thesis, 116 urban Colombian women, heart rate vs. factorial methods, 870 fish oil supplementation and MHC class II molecule expression by Energy intake monocytes, 267 accuracy and precision of food intake assessment methods, 491 immune response and, 994S in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 130 immunologic effects (monkey), 273 energy intakes of intervention-trial subjects, accuracy of estimates from LDL oxidation and, 261 food records, 483 modification of lung and liver macrophage phospholipid fatty acid hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 content by continuous short-term enteral feeding (rat), 208 sucrose polyester intake and, 891 phospholipid fatty acid concentration in plasma and erythrocytes, 925 Energy malnutrition, in cirrhosis, 602 n—6 polyunsaturated Erratum, 407, 609 activation of nuclear transcription factor-«B, endothelial dysfunction Erythrocyte(s) and, 322 carotenoid and tocopherol concentrations, B-carotene supplementation dietary intake, Crohn’s disease in Japan and, 741 and, 553 immune response and, 994S glutathione peroxidase activity, copper depletion and, 358 postprandial oxidation, butter vs. beef tallow consumption and, 918 insulin binding, dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 saturated phospholipid fatty acid concentration, dietary n—3 PUFA intake and, cholesterol-raising effects, 897 925 in dairy products, modification via feedlot technology, plasma cho- superoxide dismutase activity lesterol effect in humans, 42 copper deficiency and, 791S trans, position paper, 663 copper depletion and, 358 unsaturated, hydrogenation, 663 a-tocopherol concentration, single dose of oral vitamin E and, 717 Fat weight, 412S uridine diphosphate galactose, in patients on low-protein (low-lactose) Fecal excretion diets, 704 ammonia, resistant starch and, 766 Erythropoiesis, pubertal boys, relation of serum transferrin and ferritin to, fatty acids, dietary stearic acid intake and (letter), 400 179 nitrogen Ethical issues, bioengineered food products, 657S in chronic renal failure, guar gum supplementation and, 392 Exercise resistant starch and, 766 body composition changes, 456S phenols, resistant starch and, 766 in obese older women, cardiovascular disease risk factors and, 225 zinc, in young Chinese women, 348 resistance (weight) training, chromium supplementation plus, effects on Feces, microflora, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation and, body composition, strength, and trace mineral status, 954 709 strength training, in postmenopasual women, sensitivity of body-com- Feedlot technology, modification of dairy fats, plasma cholesterol effect in position assessment techniques to soft tissue changes, 678 humans, 42 weight-bearing, influence of lifetime behaviors on bone density in Fermentation, colonic mother-daughter pairs, 72 dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 resistant starch and, 766 Factorial measures, energy expenditure in smokers and nonsmokers, 15 Ferritin, serum, relation to body growth, pubertal stage, erythropoiesis, and Factorial methods, energy expenditure of urban Colombian women, 870 iron deficiency in pubertal boys, 179 Fat, dietary Fiber, dietary functions, 991S effect of gum arabic on fecal nitrogen excretion and serum urea nitrogen immune response and, 994S in chronic renal failure patients on low-protein diet, 392 influence on body composition in children, 507 effect of soy fiber supplementation on nutrient digestion and absorption monounsaturated in small intestine, 584 effects of modified-fat diet on body fat distribution in non-insulin- psyllium-enriched cereal for pediatric hypercholesterolemia, 96 dependent diabetes mellitus, 254 Fish, dietary intake in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, glycemic response, 249 lean white fish and plasma lipoprotein levels in premenopausa’ women, oronasal sensory stimulation, postprandial lipid metabolism and, 911 315 saturated, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, glycemic re- sex hormone-binding globulin levels and, 22 sponse, 249 Fish oil. See also Fatty acids, n—3 polyunsaturated Fat cell function hypothesis, 448S dietary, cytokine synthesis and, 116 Fat-free mass. See also Lean body mass enteral feeding, modification of lung and liver macrophage phospholipid changes induced by strength training in postmenopausal women, sensi- fatty acid content, 208 tivity of body-composition assessment techniques, 678 LDL oxidation and, in postmenopausal women, 184 chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) training and, 954 Flaxseed oil, dietary, cytokine synthesis and, 116 1006 SUBJECT INDEX Folate communications challenges and opportunities, 470S folate dose and small differences in folate metabolism (letter), 976 defining, 415S maternal status, pregnancy outcome and, 520 fractionating, 412S nutritional status, hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic alcoholism and, 220 policy and, 415S plasma, cognitive performance and, 306 recommendations, 474S Folate deficiency, kinetics of total plasma homocysteine in, 194 social and economic issues in United States, 466S Food targets for chronic disease, 409S copper in, 7915, 797S Heart rate monitoring, energy expenditure of urban Colombian women, genetically engineered, 651S 870 sodium in (letter), 138 Hemodialysis, n—3 fatty acids and LDL oxidation, 261 Food records, estimation of enegy intakes of intervention-trial subjects, Heredity, bone density in mother-daughter pairs, behavioral vs. genetic correlation with energy expenditure by doubly labeled water, 483 influences, 72 Formula feeding. See Infant nutrition HIV infection, homocysteine in, 242 Fructooligosaccharide, dietary Homocysteine hepatic glucose production, insulin sensitivity, and blood lipids, 709 plasma infleunce on fecal flora and reductive enzymes, 709 cognitive performance and, 306 Full fat cell hypothesis, 448S kinetics, in folate and cobalamin deficiency, 194 reduced, in HIV infection, 242 Galactosamine, digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy Hormone replacement therapy fiber supplementation, 584 bone density and, 72 Galactose, supplementation, sugar nucleotide concentrations in erythro- LDL oxidation and, in postmenopausal women, 184 cytes of patients on low-protein (low-lactose) diets, 704 Human immunodeficiency virus. See HIV infection Gastric balloon, gastric capacity in obese subjects after dieting, 170 Hunger, hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 Gastric bypass, vitamin B-12 deficiency after, 103 Hydrogenation, unsaturated fats, 663 Gastric distentiux, in obesity, 170 Hydroxylation, phenylalanine, stable isotope study, 532 Gastroplasty, vitamin B-12 deficiency after, 103 Hydroxyproline, urinary excretion, sodium excretion and, 735 Gender, biochemical indexes of vitamin K status, 566 Hypercholesterolemia, in pediatric population, psyllium for, 96 Gene knockout, 639S Hyperhomocysteinemia Genetic engineering in chronic alcoholism, folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 status and, 220 genetic modification of bovine milk proteins, 633S in folate and cobalamin deficiency, total plasma homocysteine kinetics, genetic modification of plants, 651S 194 infant formula, opportunities for improvement, 646S Hyperlipidemia, low-fat diet for, calcium intake and, 67 in infant nutrition, 621S Hyperphagia, effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 public reaction, 657S Hypertension milk protein-based transgenes, factors regulating (rat), 627S healthy weight in, 409S production of proteins in milk of transgenic livestock, 639S overweight and, 419S, 423S recombinant human milk proteins, 622S Hypertriacylglycerolemia, in hemodialysis patients, n—3 fatty acids and Geriatric population LDL oxidation, 261 body composition, urinary creatinine, 151 body composition and bone mineral content in elderly, 365 Immune response cardiovascular disease risk factors, in obese older women, diet and essential nutrients, 994S exercise and, 225 T cell-mediated, effects of n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (monkey), Germline manipulation, genetic modification of milk proteins, 633S 273 Glucosamine, digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy Indian childhood cirrhosis, copper in, 830S fiber supplementation, 584 Infant(s) Glucose cystic fibrosis, linoleic acid intake and growth, 746 hepatic production, dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 lipoprotein(a) concentration, effects of cholesterol-lowering dietary in- plasma, dietary vitamin intake and, 946 tervention and apolipoprotein E phenotype, 386 B-Glucuronidase, fecal, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation Infant, newborn and, 709 birth weight, maternal folate status and, 520 Glutathione, copper-induced cytotoxicity, 812S body-composition assessment, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 157 Glutathione peroxidase, erythrocyte, copper depletion and, 358 Infant, premature Glycemic index, dietary carbohydrates, insulin action and, 47 bronchopulmonary dysplasia, predictive value of intramuscular relative Glycocholic acid hydroxylase, fecal, dietary tructocligosaccharide supple- dose-response test, 123 mentation and, 709 visual acuity and growth, n—3 fatty acid supplementation and, 687 Glycogen, skeletal muscle, dietary carbohydrate types and, 47 zinc absorption, stable isotope studies, 342 Growth and development Infant nutrition child growth in Ghana, vitamin A supplementation and, 773 copper bioavailability, 821S growth-retarded Vietnamese children, zinc supplementation and, 514 genetic engineering impaired, copper deficiency aad, 791S opportunities and challenges, 621S infants with cystic fibrosis, linoleic acid intake and, 746 opportunities for improvement of infant formulas, 646S preterm infants, docosahexaenoic acid vs. linolenic acid supplementa- public reaction, 657S tion, 687 linoleic acid intake and growth in cystic fibrosis, 746 pubertal boys, relation of serum transferrin and ferritin to body growth, Infection 179 copper deficiency and, 791S screening for nutrition interventions, risk-factor analysis vs. differential- in growth-retarded Vietnamese children, zinc supplementation and, 514 benefit approach, 671 Inflammation, copper metabolism in, 797S Growth factors, in genetically engineered infant formulas, 646S Insulin Gum arabic, effect on fecal nitrogen excretion and serum urea nitrogen in plasma, dietary vitamin intake and, 946 chronic renal failure patients on low-protein diet, 392 response to dietary fats, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 249 serum, in obese older women, diet and exercise and, 225 Healthy weight sex hormone-binding globulin and, 22 blood pressure and, 423S Insulin-like growth factor I body mass index and full fat cell hypothesis, 448S mammary gland expression via genetic engineering, 627S SUBJECT INDEX 1007 plasma, in growth-retarded Vietnamese children, zinc supplementation lipoprotein fractions and fecal fatty acid excretion of men, 400 and, 514 Folate dose may mask small! differences in folate metabolism, 976 Insulin sensitivity Fortification of drinking water with iron: a new strategy for combating dietary carbohydrate types and, 47 iron deficiency in Brazil, 612 dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 Public nutrition, 399 dietary vitamin intake and, 946 Sodium in processed foods, 138 Interleukin(s), IL-18 Standardization of nutritional-status terminology, 139 in obese alcoholics, 373 Total energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate, 281 synthesis, dietary n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 116 Visceral adiposity and lipid oxidation, 977 Intestinal absorption Weekly compared with daily iron supplementation, 610 calcium White wine reduces the susceptibility of low-density lipoproteins to effect of acetate and butyrate, 574 oxidation, 403 effect of vitamin D supplement plus calcium, 354 Linoleic acid (18:2n—6) during lactation and after weaning, 526 activation of nuclear transcription factor-kB, endothelial dysfunction copper, 821S and, 322 nonheme iron, phytate inhibition, dietary protein source and, 203 dietary intake vitamin E, single oral dose response in cystic fibrosis, 717 growth of infants with cystic fibrosis, 746 zinc plasma triacylglycerol response, 36 in premature infants, 342 susceptibility of LDL and VLDL to oxidation, 698 in young Chinese women, 348 Linolenic acid (18:3n—3) Intrinsic factor, vitamin B-12 deficiency after gastric bypass, 103 dietary Iodine deficiency cytokine synthesis and, 116 cognitive performance and, 997S immunologic effects (monkey), 273 learning disabilities and poor motivation and, 782 supplementation, effect on visual acuity and growth of preterm infants Iron with/without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 687 absorption, phytate inhibition, dietary protein source and, 203 Lipemia, postprandial, origin of early postprandial plasma triacylglycerol copper bioavailability and, 821S peak, 36 metabolism, aceruloplasminemia, 836S Lipid(s) nutritional status, chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) blood training and, 954 dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 supplementation - trans fatty acids and, 663 drinking water, in Brazil (letter), 612 metabolism, postprandial, oronasal sensory stimulation with fats and, in pregnancy, 853 911 weekly vs. daily supplementation, 884 oxidation, visceral adiposity and (letter), 977 weekly vs. daily (letter), 610 serum Iron deficiency diet and, influence of apolipoprotein E polymorphism, 87 anemia, in pregnancy, 884 monounsaturated fat intake and, 933 cognitive performance and, 997S in obese older women, diet and exercise and, 225 in pubertal boys, relation of serum transferrin and ferritin, 179 Lipoprotein(s) serum soluble transferrin receptor in, undernutrition and, 596 low-density (LDL) Isotopes. See Stable isotope study effect of National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, 234 oxidation Jejunum, digestion of milk proteins, 546 in diabetes mellitus, RRR-a-tocopherol supplementation and, 753 dietary linoleic acid intake and, 698 Ketosis, glycemia reduction in obese patients with non-insulin-dependent effects of fish oii, vitamin E, and hormone replacement therapy, 184 diabetes mellitus on very-low-energy diets, 110 n—3 fatty acids and, 261 Kidney, carnitine clearance, choline/pantothenate supplementation and, red wine consumption and, 329 904 white wine consumption and (letter), 403 Kretchmer, Norman (In Memoriam), 285 vitamin E concentration, severity of coronary artery disease and, 377 Kuppfer cell, phospholipids, modification of PUFA composition by con- plasma tinuous enteral feeding of n—3 fatty acids (rat), 208 dietary stearic acid intake and (letter), 400 effect of lean white fish intake, 315 Labor and delivery, preterm, maternal folate status and, 520 serum, dietary saturated fatty acid intake and, 897 a-Lactalbumin, expression of human gene in mice, 639S very-low-density (VLDL), oxidation, dietary linoleic acid intake and, Lactation 698 calcium absorption during, 526 Lipoprotein(a), serum vitamin A status, vitamin A supplementation and, 32 dietary saturated fatty acid intake and, 897 Lactoglobulin, jejunal digestion, 546 in infants, effects of cholesterol-lowering dietary intervention and apo- Lauric acid (12:0), cholesterol-raising effects, 897 lipoprotein E phenotype, 386 Lean body mass Lipoprotein lipase, effect of lean white fish intake on plasma lipoproteins, body-composition measurement in children, accuracy of techniques, 299 315 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 80 Liver validation of whole-body composition measures in pediatric body copper storage and transport, 812S weight range, 293 glucose production, dietary fructooligosaccharide intake and, 939 in elderly population, 151 hepatic sinusoidal cell phospholipids, modification of PUFA composi- osteoporosis and, 433S tion by continuous enteral feeding of n—3 fatty acids (rat), 208 Lean body weight, 412S Liver disease Learning disability, iodine deficiency and, 782 alcoholic. See Alcoholic liver disease Letters cirrhosis. See also Cirrhosis Antioxidant status in cystic fibrosis patients, 138 malnutrition in, 602 Dairy industry protects milk from photodegradation; why not protect Lung total parenteral solutions also, 404 alveolar macrophage phospholipids, modification of PUFA composition Dietary prevention of osteoporosis: are we ignoring evidence, 787 by continuous enteral feeding of n—3 fatty acids (rat), 208 Effects of diets containing high or low amounts of stearic acid on plasma bronchopulmonary dysplasia. See Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 1008 SUBJECT INDEX Magnesium benefit approach, 671 balance, in adolescent girls, calcium intake and, 950 nutritional status, chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) Obesity training and, 954 body mass index and full fat cell hypothesis, 448S Major histocompatibility complex, class II molecules, monocyte expres- cancer risk sion, fish oil supplementation and, 267 breast and endometrial cancers, 437S Malnutrition colon cancer, 442S in cirrhosis, 602 cardiovascular disease and, 419S cognitive performance and, 997S central adiposity stunting and wasting in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 lipid oxidation and (letter), 977 Maple syrup urine disease, galactose supplementation, blood cell content risk for breast and endometrial cancers, 437S of uridine diphosphate galactose and, 704 current knowledge on adverse health consequences, communications Marketing, bioengineered food products, 657S challenges and opportunities, 470S Menkes syndrome, 797S, 836S cytokines in obese alcoholics, 373 Menopause, biochemical indexes of vitamin K status, 566 health risks, 415S Metabolic rate low-energy diet, nutrient composition and weight loss, 174 basal, total energy expenditure and (letter), 281 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and, 426S resting effect of high-ketogenic very-low-energy diet, 110 in elderly population, 151 osteoarthritis and, 430S low RMR and obesity, 879 pediatric Metallothionein, hepatic copper homeostasis, 8125 body-composition measurement, accuracy of techniques, 299 Methionine, plasma, in HIV infection, 242 body mass index screening, 500 Mexican diet, plasma amino acid profile, 335 dietary fat intake and, 507 Milk morbidity and mortality, 445S cow parental influence, 507 calcium bioavailability, 354 prevention, effects of increased physical activity, 456S genetic modification of milk proteins, 633S risk, low resting metabolic rate and, 879 human social and economic effects in United States, 466S copper bioavailability, 821S stomach capacity, dieting and, 170 recombinant milk proteins, 622S thermic effect of food, 164 milk protein-based transgenes, factors regulating (rat), 627S weight reduction, psychosocial consequences, 461S production of proteins in mi!k of transgenic livestock, 639S Obesity surgery, vitamin B-12 deficiency after, 103 proteins, jejunal digestion, 546 Oleic acid (18:1n—9), dietary intake Models/modeling, multicompartmental models for calculating body com cholesterol-raising effects, 897 position, 856 plasma triacylglycerol response, 36 Modified-relative-dose-response (MRDR) test, vitamin A status in lactat- Olestra (sucrose polyester), effects on energy intake and appetite control, ing Indonesian women, 32 891 Molecular biology Osteoarthritis copper, 797S copper toxicity, 836S healthy weight in, 409S Monocyte(s) overweight and, 430S adhesion molecule expression, fish oil supple: entation and, 267 Osteocalcin, undercarboxylated, vitamin K status, 566 carotenoid and tocopherol concentrations, B-carotene supplementation Osteoporosis and, 553 body weight and, 433S cytokine synthesis, dietary n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 116 bone density in mother-daughter pairs, 72 MHC class II molecule expression, fish oil supplementation and, 267 dietary prevention (letter), 787 Mood, in obesity, consequences of weight loss, 461S fat and calcium intake in women dieters, 67 Morbidity and mortality healthy weight in, 409S health risks of weight cycling, 452S Overfeeding, effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 healthy weight, 412S Overweight defining healthy weight, 415S body mass index and full fat cell hypothesis, 448S targets for chronic disease, 409S cancer risk overweight in children and adolescents, 445S breast and endometrial cancers, 437S Myristic acid (14:0), postprandial oxidation, butter vs. beef tallow con- colon cancer, 442S sumption and, 918 cardiovascular disease and, 419S current knowledge on adverse health consequences, communications National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 diet, effect on plasma challenges and opportunities, 470S lipoproteins and blood pressure, 234 osteoarthritis and, 430S Neutropenia, copper deficiency and, 791S pediatric population, morbidity and mortality, 445S Nitrogen, fecal. See Fecal excretion, nitrogen prevention, effects of increased physical activity, 456S Nitroreductase, fecal, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation and, social and economic effects in United States, 466S 709 Oxidation Nuclear transcription factor-kB, n—6 fatty acid-induced activation, endo- fatty acids, butter vs. beef tallow consumption and, 918 thelial dysfunction and, 322 lipids, visceral adiposity and (letter), 977 Nutrient requirements, functional endpoints in defining nutrient require- low-density lipoproteins ments, 983S in diabetes mellitus, RRR-a-tocopherol supplementation and, 753 Nutritional status. See also specific nutrients dietary linoleic acid intake and, 698 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 130 effects of fish oil, vitamin E, and hormone replacement therapy, 184 in cirrhosis patients, 602 n-—3 fatty acids and, 261 cognitive performance and, 997S red wine consumption and, 329 copper, 821S white wine consumption and (letter), 403 standardization of nutritional-status terminology (letter), 139 phenylalanine, stable isotope study, 532 vitamin K, biochemical indexes, 566 very-low-density lipoproteins, dietary linoleic acid intake and, 698 Nutrition interventions, screening for, risk-factor analysis vs. differential- Oxidative stress, in HIV infection, 242 SUBJECT INDEX Palmitic acid (16:0) recombinant human milk proteins, 622S cholesterol-raising effects, 897 Protein malnutrition, in cirrhosis, 602 postprandial oxidation, butter vs. beef tallow consumption and, 918 Prothrombin, undercarboxylated, vitamin K status, 566 Pantothenate, supplementation, carnitine status and, 904 Psychologic status, in obesity, consequences of weight loss, 461S Parental influence, fat intake of children, 507 Psyllium, for hypercholesterolemia in children, 96 Parenteral nutrition, total, photodegradation of solutions, protection against Puberty, relation of serum transferrin and ferritin to body growth, pubertal (letters), 404 stage, erythropoiesis, and iron deficiency in pubertal boys, 179 Pediatric population Public nutrition (letter), 399 body-composition measurement Public perception, genetic engineering in infant nutrition, 657S accuracy of techniques, 299 comparison of techniques, 287 Reactive oxygen species child growth in Ghana, vitamin A supplementation and, 773 in critically ill, 760 fat intake and adiposity in children, 507 origins and consequences, 985S growth, infection, and circulating IGF-I in growth-retarded Vietnamese Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, body mass index screen- children, zinc supplementation and, 514 ing for adiposity in children and adolescents, 500 hypercholesterolemia, psyllium for, 96 Recommended dietary allowance (RDA), functional endpoints in defining Indian childhood cirrhosis, 830S nutrient requirements, 983S iodine deficiency, learning disabilities and poor motivation and, 782 Reductive enzymes, fecal, dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation non-Indian (idiopathic) childhood cirrhosis, 842S and, 709 overweight Relative dose response body mass index screening for adiposity, 500 intramuscular, prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature morbidity and mortality, 445S infants, 123 screening for nutrition interventions, risk-factor analysis vs. differential- modified. See Modified-relative-dose-response (MRDR) test benefit approach, 671 Renal failure, chronic, effects of guar gum supplementation on fecal stunting and wasting in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 nitrogen excretion and serum urea nitrogen, 392 Pharmacokinetics, riboflavin, 54 Resistant starch, protein fermentation and, 766 Phenols, fecal excretion, resistant starch and, 766 Retinol Phenylalanine, balance, stable isotope study, 532 plasma, cigarette smoke and, 559 Phylloquinone, plasma, vitamin K status, 566 serum, prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants, Physical activity 123 energy cost, urban Colombian women, heart rate monitoring vs. factorial Retinol-binding protein, serum, prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia methods, 870 in premature infants, 123 increased, body composition changes, 456S Retinyl palmitate, serum, prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in influence of lifetime behaviors on bone density in mother-daughter pairs, premature infants, 123 72 Riboflavin, pharmacokinetics, 54 Phytate Rice, dietary intake, sex hormone-binding giobulin levels and, 22 copper bioavailability and, 821S Risk-factor analysis, screening for nutrition interventions, 671 inhibition of nonheme iron absorption, dietary protein source and, 203 Plant transformation, 651S Satiety Plasma hyperphagic effect of high-fat diet and alcohol intake, 479 antioxidants sucrose polyester intake and, 891 cigarette smoke and, 559 Schilling test, after gastric bypass, 103 red wine consumption and, 329 Screening studies carotenoid and tocopherol concentrations, B-carotene supplementation body mass index and overweight in children and adolescents, 500 and, 553 nutrition interventions, risk-factor analysis vs. differential-benefit ap- phospholipid fatty acid concentration, dietary n—3 PUFA intake and, proach, 671 925 Sensory stimulation, oronasal, with dietary fats, 904 Platelet function, fatty acids and, 991S Sex hormone-binding globulin, diet and, 22 Policy issues, healthy weight, 415S Sex hormones, effect of lean white fish intake on plasma lipoproteins, Postmenopausal period 315 effect of dietary copper deprivation on copper-status indicators, 358 Skeletal muscle effects of fish oil, vitamin E, and hormone replacement therapy on LDL glycogen, dietary carbohydrate types and, 47 oxidation, 184 mass strength training, sensitivity of body-composition assessment techniques changes induced by strength training in postmenopausal women, to soft tissue changes, 678 sensitivity of body-composition assessment techniques, 678 Pregnancy chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) training and, 954 iron supplementation in, 853 in elderly population, 151 weekly vs. daily supplementation, 884 total-body, urinary creatinine excretion and, 863 outcome, folate and, 520 Skinfold thickness. See also Ani Premenopausal period, effect of lean white fish intake on plasma lipopro- body-composition measurement in children, 287 teins, 315 accuracy of, 299 Propionate, calcium absorption from distal colon and, 574 multicompartmental models for calculating body composition, 856 Protein(s) Smoking dietary intake, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 130 effect of cigarette smoke on plasma antioxidants, 559 dietary source energy expenditure and, 15 copper bioavailability and, 821S Sodium influence on phytate inhibition of iron absorption, 203 dietary intake digestion and absorption in small intestine, effect of soy fiber supple- blood pressure and, 423S mentation, 584 calcium excretion and, 735 fermentation, resistant starch and, 766 in processed foods (letter), 138 milk urinary excretion, hydroxyproline excretion and, 735 genetic modification of bovine milk proteins, 633S Soft tissue, changes induced by strength training in postmenopausal jejunal digestion, 546 women, sensitivity of body-composition assessment techniques, production of proteins in milk of transgenic livestock, 639S 678 1010 SUBJECT INDEX Stable isotope study Virus infection, cirrhosis and, 602 efficiency of calcium absorption during inadequate calcium intake in Visual acuity adolescent girls, 579 fatty acids and, 997S jejunal digestion of milk proteins, 546 preterm infants, docosahexaenoic acid vs. linolenic acid supplementa- maternal calcium absorption during lactation and after weaning, 526 tion, 687 phenylalanine kinetics over 24 hours, 532 Vitamin A zinc absorption dietary intake, insulin sensitivity and, 946 in premature infants, 342 nutritional status, in lactation, vitamin A supplementation and, 32 in young Chinese women, 348 supplementation Stearic acid (18:0), fatty acids, dietary stearic acid intake and ‘(letter), 400 child growth in Ghana and, 773 Stomach capacity, in obese subjects, dieting and, 170 in premature infants at risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 123 Strength Vitamin B-6 chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) training and, 954 nutritional scatus, hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic alcoholism and, 220 in elderly population, 151 plasma, cognitive performance and, 306 Stunting, in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 Vitamin B-12 Sucrose polyester (olestra), effects on energy intake and appetite control, 891 absorption, after gastric bypass for obesity, 103 Superoxide dismutase, erythrocyte nutritional status, hyperhomocysteinemia in chronic alcoholism and, 220 copper deficiency and, 791S plasma, cognitive performance and, 306 copper depletion and, 358 Vitamin C. See Ascorbic acid Vitamin D, calcium carbonate plus, calcium bioavailability, 354 Technical editors Vitamin E proofreading page proofs, 284 absorption, single oral dose response in cystic fibrosis, 717 SI units, 619 dietary intake, insulin sensitivity and, 946 World Wide Web, 981 immune response and, 994S Thermic effect of food (TEF), measurement, 164 LDL oxidation and, in postmenopasual women, i184 Thrombosis, fatty acids and, 991S n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 991S Thyroid hormone(s), plasma, low resting metabolic rate and obesity and, oxidative damage and defense, 985S 879 serum and LDL concentrations, severity of coronary artery disease and, Tocopherol. See also Vitamin E 377 plasma, cigarette smoke and, 559 supplementation in plasma and blood cells, B-carotene supplementation and, 553 in cystic fibrosis, RRR-a-tocopherol vs. all-rac-a-tocophery] acetate, RRR-a-Tocopherol, supplementation 722 in cystic fibrosis, all-rac-a-tocophery! acetate vs., 722 LDL oxidizability and, in diabetes mellitus, 753 LDL oxidizability and, in diabetes mellitus, 753 Vitamin K, autritional status, biochemical indexes, 566 all-rac-a-Tocopheryl acetate single oral dose response in cystic fibrosis, 717 Wasting, in Filipino children, risk factor assessment, 966 supplementation in cystic fibrosis, RRR-a-tocopherol vs., 722 Weaning, maternal calcium absorption after, 526 Toxicants, in genetically engineered plants, 651S Weight cycling Transcription factor, mammary gland-specific milk protein-based trans- health risks, 452S gene expression (rat), 627S psychosocial consequences of weight regain, 461S Transferrin, serum, relation to body growth, pubertal stage, erythropoiesis, Weight gain and iron deficiency in pubertal boys, 179 risk for breast and endometrial cancers, 437S Transferrin receptor, soluble, undernutrition and, 596 social and economic effects in United States, 466S Triacylglycerol, plasma, postprandial concentration, oronasal sensory stim- Weight loss ulation with fats and, 911 biood pressure and, 423S Triacylglycerol(s) cardiovascular disease and, 419S plas:a, response to dietary fatty acids, 36 gastric capacity and, 170 skeletal muscle, dietary carbohydrate types and, 47 goals, 461S Tumor necrosis factor a low-energy diet, effect of nutrient composition, 174 in obese alcoholics, 373 in obese older women, cardiovascular disease risk factors and, 225 synthesis, dietary n—3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 116 in obese patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, high- ketogenic very-low-energy diet and, 110 Undernutrition, serum soluble transferrin receptor and, 596 psychosocial consequences, 461S Underwater weighing, multicompartmental models for calculating body recommendations, 474S composition, 856 Wheat, dietary intake, sex hormone-binding globulin levels and, 22 Urea nitrogen, serum, in chronic renal failure, guar gum supplementation Whey acidic protein, mammary gland-specific gene expression (rat), 627S and, 392 Wilson disease, 797S, 836S, 842S Uridine diphosphate galactose, erythrocyte, in patients on low-protein Wine. See Alcohol ingestion (low-lactose) diets, 704 Urine Zinc calcium excretion, sodium intake and, 735 absorption y-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-creatinine excretion ratio, vitamin K sta- in premature infants, 342 tus, 566 in young Chinese women, 348 carnitine excretion, choline/pantothenate supplementation and, 904 copper bioavailability and, 821S creatinine excretion nutritional status, chromium supplementation and resistance (weight) body composition in elderly population, 151 training and, 954 total-body skeletal muscle mass, 863 supplementation, growth, infection, and circulating IGF-I in growth- hydroxyproline excretion, sodium excretion and, 735 retarded Vietnamese children, 514