The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1992: Vol 56 Index

18 Pages·1992·4.8 MB·English

eekeee
Subject Index
Volume 56
Absorptiometry Amenorrhea, athletic, dietary patterns, eating behaviors, and bone mineral
dual-energy x-ray, relation of upper-arm anthropometry to soft-tissue density in, 705
composition in postmenopausal women, 463 American Heart Association diet, serum lipids and, 887
dual-photon American Society for Clinical Nutrition
body composition and bone mineral content before and after VLCD, 1992 annual meeting, 724
265S President's address: a glance backward, a look ahead, 726
body-fat measurement in AIDS, 963 Amino acids. See also specific amino acids
Absorption branched-chain, supplementation of enteral nutrition for children with
copper, age and gender and, 917 end-stage liver disease, 158
iron essential, nutritional effect of ketoanalogue mixtures in uremia (rat),
in elderly women, iron status and, 691 1025
from soy-protein isolates, phytate content and, 573 Anaerobic threshold, riboflavin requirements and exercise in older
vitamin A, 735 women, 526
Abstracts Anemia
change in body composition and energy balance on a VLCD: multi- iron-deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and, 533
center study, 303S nutritional
LCD in obesity treatment: results, incidents, 303S in pregnant Indonesian women, 988
therapeutic experience with 840 patients in a 14-d VLCD program in in toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, 565
Buenos Aires, 304S Anorexia, 5-hydroxytryptophan and, 863
VLCD (Optifast) treatment in obese non-insulin-dependent patients, Anthropometry
3048S effect of VLCD, 281S
VLCD works--despite the etiological diversity of obese patients, 304S growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities,
will patients adhere to a VLCD, 305S implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012
Acetate, serum, in hypercholesterolemia, oat bran and, 455 nature of malnutrition in children with end-stage liver disease, 164
Acid hydrolysis, biotin distribution in plasma, 427 upper arm, relation to soft-tissue composition in postmenopausal
Acid phosphatase, tartrate-resistant, VLCD and, 265S women, 463
Acyl CoA:retinol acyltransferase, in vitamin A metabolism, 735 Anxiety
relation to short- and long-term weight loss, 271S
Adipose tissue
VLCD and, 185S
fat cell size and number, relation to short- and long-term weight loss,
Apgar score. newborn, maternal serum folate and zinc concentrations
2718S
and, 365
in vivo quantification via magnetic resonance imaging (pig), 7
B-Apo-8'-carotenal, metabolism, 433
mass, overfeeding and, 840
Apolipoprotein(s)
Adiposity. See Body fat
apo B, effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 385
Adolescence
competitive interactions with thromboregulatory agents, 793S
energy intake estimation from weighed dietary record and diet history,
dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake in women and, 77
validation via total energy expenditure by doubly labeled water
lipoproteins containing apo A-I and apo A-II, sex-related changes after
technique, 29
fat ingestion, 404
fatty acid intake and blood pressure, 71
serum
pregnancy in, weight gain during, relation to birth-weight outcome,
effects of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet
868
vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 671
Age/aging. See also Childhood; Geriatric population; Infant(s) effects of monounsaturated vs. polyunsaturated fatty acid diets, 678
application of relative-dose-response test for assessing vitamin A status VLCD and, 2688S, 297S
in older adults, 543 Appetite, VLCD and, 277S
blood donation by elderly women, 691 Arachidonic acid
catecholamine excretion in adult men, 827 concentration in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, effect of dietary lin-
copper absorption, biological half-life and status and, 917 oleic acid supplementation, 599
serum copper and zinc and, 440
metabolism, in formula-fed neonates (piglet), 106
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), body-fat measurement tissue concentration, alcohol ingestion and (pig), 467
in, methodology, 963 Arm muscle area, relation to soft-tissue composition in postmenopausal
Albumin, urinary excretion, in insulin-dependent diabetes, dietary protein women, 463
and, 169 Ascorbic acid. See also Vitamin C
Alcohol ingestion serum ané cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of healthy adults, 559
chronic, arachidonic acid concentration in tissues and (pig), 467 Atherosclerosis
serum copper and zinc and, 440 abnormal vascular responses in, dietary fatty acids and, 810S
Alkaline phosphatase, plasma, in Thai children, zinc supplementation coagulation system, abnormal thrombotic responses in, 812S
and, 50 diet-induced, effect of psyllium husk in (monkey), 376
Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:iv-xiv. Printed in USA. © 1992 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
eekeee
Subject Index
Volume 56
Absorptiometry Amenorrhea, athletic, dietary patterns, eating behaviors, and bone mineral
dual-energy x-ray, relation of upper-arm anthropometry to soft-tissue density in, 705
composition in postmenopausal women, 463 American Heart Association diet, serum lipids and, 887
dual-photon American Society for Clinical Nutrition
body composition and bone mineral content before and after VLCD, 1992 annual meeting, 724
265S President's address: a glance backward, a look ahead, 726
body-fat measurement in AIDS, 963 Amino acids. See also specific amino acids
Absorption branched-chain, supplementation of enteral nutrition for children with
copper, age and gender and, 917 end-stage liver disease, 158
iron essential, nutritional effect of ketoanalogue mixtures in uremia (rat),
in elderly women, iron status and, 691 1025
from soy-protein isolates, phytate content and, 573 Anaerobic threshold, riboflavin requirements and exercise in older
vitamin A, 735 women, 526
Abstracts Anemia
change in body composition and energy balance on a VLCD: multi- iron-deficiency, vitamin D deficiency and, 533
center study, 303S nutritional
LCD in obesity treatment: results, incidents, 303S in pregnant Indonesian women, 988
therapeutic experience with 840 patients in a 14-d VLCD program in in toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, 565
Buenos Aires, 304S Anorexia, 5-hydroxytryptophan and, 863
VLCD (Optifast) treatment in obese non-insulin-dependent patients, Anthropometry
3048S effect of VLCD, 281S
VLCD works--despite the etiological diversity of obese patients, 304S growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities,
will patients adhere to a VLCD, 305S implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012
Acetate, serum, in hypercholesterolemia, oat bran and, 455 nature of malnutrition in children with end-stage liver disease, 164
Acid hydrolysis, biotin distribution in plasma, 427 upper arm, relation to soft-tissue composition in postmenopausal
Acid phosphatase, tartrate-resistant, VLCD and, 265S women, 463
Acyl CoA:retinol acyltransferase, in vitamin A metabolism, 735 Anxiety
relation to short- and long-term weight loss, 271S
Adipose tissue
VLCD and, 185S
fat cell size and number, relation to short- and long-term weight loss,
Apgar score. newborn, maternal serum folate and zinc concentrations
2718S
and, 365
in vivo quantification via magnetic resonance imaging (pig), 7
B-Apo-8'-carotenal, metabolism, 433
mass, overfeeding and, 840
Apolipoprotein(s)
Adiposity. See Body fat
apo B, effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 385
Adolescence
competitive interactions with thromboregulatory agents, 793S
energy intake estimation from weighed dietary record and diet history,
dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake in women and, 77
validation via total energy expenditure by doubly labeled water
lipoproteins containing apo A-I and apo A-II, sex-related changes after
technique, 29
fat ingestion, 404
fatty acid intake and blood pressure, 71
serum
pregnancy in, weight gain during, relation to birth-weight outcome,
effects of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet
868
vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 671
Age/aging. See also Childhood; Geriatric population; Infant(s) effects of monounsaturated vs. polyunsaturated fatty acid diets, 678
application of relative-dose-response test for assessing vitamin A status VLCD and, 2688S, 297S
in older adults, 543 Appetite, VLCD and, 277S
blood donation by elderly women, 691 Arachidonic acid
catecholamine excretion in adult men, 827 concentration in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, effect of dietary lin-
copper absorption, biological half-life and status and, 917 oleic acid supplementation, 599
serum copper and zinc and, 440
metabolism, in formula-fed neonates (piglet), 106
AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), body-fat measurement tissue concentration, alcohol ingestion and (pig), 467
in, methodology, 963 Arm muscle area, relation to soft-tissue composition in postmenopausal
Albumin, urinary excretion, in insulin-dependent diabetes, dietary protein women, 463
and, 169 Ascorbic acid. See also Vitamin C
Alcohol ingestion serum ané cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of healthy adults, 559
chronic, arachidonic acid concentration in tissues and (pig), 467 Atherosclerosis
serum copper and zinc and, 440 abnormal vascular responses in, dietary fatty acids and, 810S
Alkaline phosphatase, plasma, in Thai children, zinc supplementation coagulation system, abnormal thrombotic responses in, 812S
and, 50 diet-induced, effect of psyllium husk in (monkey), 376
Am J Clin Nutr 1992;56:iv-xiv. Printed in USA. © 1992 American Society for Clinical Nutrition
SUBJECT INDEX v
Athletes, dietary patterns, eating behaviors, and bone mineral density in three-year longitudinal changes, relation to metabolic variables in
women runners, 705 French women, 475
VLCD and, long-term follow-up, 283S
influence of weight cycling on, 209S
Behavior, in obesity, VLCD and, 185S measurement in AIDS, methodology, 963
Behavior modification overfeeding and, 857
self-help VLCD weight-loss program, 279S pattern. See Body fat, distribution
VLCD plus, 199S personal fat ratio, body composition during VLCD and, 217S
Behavior therapy, relation to short- and long-term weight loss, 271S regional changes in postmenopausal women by time of year, 307
Bile acid hydrophobicity index, effects of dietary cholesterol, type of visceral, in obese women, resting metabolic rate and, 981
dietary fat, and sex (baboon), 511 Body image, VLCD and, 185S
Bile acids, excretion, oat bran and, 99 Body mass, lean
Bile chemistry, effects of dietary cholesterol, type of fat, and sex on (ba- changes in, prediction via bioelectrical impedance analysis, 4
boon), 511 influence of weight cycling on, 209S
Binge eating, in bulimia, 656 skeletal-muscle mass, resting metabolic rate and, 840
Binge-eating disorder, food selection and intake in, 975 Body mass index
Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, impact of diabetic status, dietary
electrode positioii in (/etter), 1067 intake, physical activity, and smoking, 329
prediction of body-composition change, 4 three-year longitudinal changes, relation to metabolic variables in
total body water French women, 475
optimal frequency for (/etter), 1069 tracking from childhood to middle age, prediction of body mass index
significance of impedance index (ht?/R), 835 in middle age and, 14
Biotin Body water, total
distribution in plasma, 427 BIA, optimal frequency for (/etter), 1069
protein-bound, plasma distribution, 427 body-fat measurement in AIDS, 963
B-Blockade, effect cn 24-h energy expenditure in reduced-obese and significance of impedance index (ht?/R) in prediction of, 835
nonobese women, 662 Body weight. See also Weight maintenance; Weight reduction/loss
Blood donation, by elderly women, iron status and, 691 massive overfeeding in Cameroonian men and, 483
Blood glucose new weight guidelines for Americans (/etter), 1066
fasting, VLCD and, 299S non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and, 329
guar gum and, 1061 relative, VLCD and, 299S
in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 1056 VLCD and, 299S
postprandial response to different meals, in non-insulin-dependent Bone, regional changes in postmenopausal women by time of year, 307
diabetes, gender and, 712 Bone Gia-protein, VLCD and, 265S
Blood pressure Bone mineral content
changes in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio and, 475 VLCD and, 265S
fatty acid intake and, in adolescents, 71 in young adults, 579
guar gum and, 1061 Bone mineral density
BMI. See Body mass index in athletic amenorrhea, 705
Body composition dietary protein deficiency and (cat), 314
in aerobically and resistance-trained women, 968 in postmenopausal vegetarian and omnivorous women, 699
in AIDS, 963 in young adults, 579
change, prediction via bioelectrical impedance analysis, 4 Book reviews
dietary fat intake and, 616 Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 6th ed., ML Brown (ed), 1072
effect of isonitrogenous hypoenergetic diets, 636 Vitamins: Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health, GF Combs,
energy expenditure and, 840, 848 Jr., 462
five-level model, 19 Breast cancer, diet and prolactin and, 943
influence of weight cycling on, 203S, 209S Breast-feeding
magnetic resonance imaging quantification of adipose tissue in vivo growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities,
(pig), 7 implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012
massive overfeeding in Cameroonian men and, 483 impact of weaning food messages on infant feeding practices and child
80T S g nature of malnutrition in children with end-stage liver disease, 164 growth in rural Bangladesh, 994
in poor healthy lactating Philippine women throughout first 6 mo of pyridoxine supplementation during, B-6 vitamer concentrations in
lactation, 874 milk and, 548
pyruvate-supplemented low-energy diet and, 630 Bulimia nervosa, gastric capacity, gastric emptying, and test-meal intake
regional changes in postmenopausal women by time of year, 307 in, 656
relation to short- and long-term weight loss, 271S
significance of impedance index (ht?/R) in predicting total body water, Cadaverine, in human and rat milk and in infant formulas, 371
835 Calcium
steady state, 19 dietary intake
VLCD and in childhood, bone mass in young adulthood and, 579
abstract, 303S estimated intake of toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, 565
correlation with weight loss, 258S net calcium absorption in premature infants and, 1037
diet-induced thermogenesis and, 224S homeostasis, VLCD and, 265S
factors influencing, 217S metabolism, vitamin B-6 depletion and repletion and, 905
in vivo neutron-activation analysis, 262S seminal, zinc depletion and, 148
in moderate obesity, 286S supplementation
Body energy, gain, overfeeding and, 857 iron status in premenopausal women and, 1045
Body fat net calcium absorption in premature infants and, 1037
dietary fat intake and, 616 Calcium carbonate, in premenopausal women, iron status and, 1045
distribution Calciuria, dietary protein deficiency and (rat), 314
in obese women Calorimetry
resting metabolic rate and, 981 indirect, resting metabolic rate and fat distribution in obese women,
serum lipid and insulin concentrations and, 44 981
vi SUBJECT INDEX
whole-body, metabolic response to experimental overfeeding in lean oat bran and, 99
and overweight healthy subjects, 641 trans-fatty acid intake and, 1019
Candida albicans, phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear leu- VLCD and, 268S
kocytes, effect of dietary linoleic acid supplementation, 599 weight reduction and, 320
Carbohydrate metabolism, effect of psyllium husk in (monkey), 376
dietary intake plasina
catecholamine excretion in adult men and, 827 effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 385
in obese subjects, 5-hydroxytryptophan therapy and, 863 effects of lauric and palmitic acids, 895
olestra and, 84 long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet and,
plasma lipoproteins and, monounsaturated fatty acid diet vs., 394 881
meal content, dietary response to, 36 serum
Carcinogenesis, anticancer effects of phytate (/etter), 609 effect of psyllium-enriched cereal, 93
Cardiac arrhythmia, in obesity, 230S effects of low-fat and low-fat, high-fiber diets, 887
a-Carotene, tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417 guar gum and, 1061
6-Carotene oat bran and, 455
oral, lipoprotein distribution, 128 total
supplementation, UVA-induced immunosuppression and, 684 changes in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio and, 475
tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417 effect of monounsaturated fatty acid- vs. carbohydrate-rich diet,
Carotenoids 394
metabolism, 433 oat bran and, 99
tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417 VLCD and, 268S, 299S
Catecholamines, urinary, body size, obesity, and nutrient intake in adult weight reduction and, 320
men and, 827 very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), weight reduction and, 320
Cell-mediated immunity, in malnourished infants, effect of zinc-fortified Cholesterol esters, arachidonic acid concentration, in formula-fed neonate
formulas, 491 (piglet), 106
Cereal, psyllium-enriched, cholesterol-lowering effects, 93 Cholesterol saturation index, bile, effects of dietary cholesterol, type of
Cerebrospinal fluid, thiamin, ascorbic acid, and folic acid concentrations dietary fat, and sex (baboon), 511
of healthy adults, 559 Chylomicrons, in vitamin A metabolism, 735
Childhood Cigarette smoking
basal metabolic rate of Colombian children, ethnicity and nutritional plasma prolactin and, 943
status and, 623 serum copper and zinc and, 440
body mass index, prediction of body mass index in middle age and, Coagulation system
14 abnormal thrombotic responses in atherosclerosis, 812S
daily energy expenditure in free-living children, heart-rate monitoring prethrombotic state, 787S
vs. doubly labeled water technique, 343 Coffee, serum LDL cholesterol and (/etter), 604, 605
dietary quality and growth and attained sized of Mexican children, Colostrum, fatty acid composition during two lactations in same woman,
353 65
end-stage liver disease Computed tomography
branched-chain amino acid-supplemented enteral feeding in, 158 lean-body-mass composition, 840
nature of malnutrition in, 164 resting metabolic rate and fat distribution in obese women, 981
energy intake estimation from weighed dietary record and diet history, Conjunctival impression cytology, in Thai children, vitamin A and zinc
validation via total energy expenditure by doubly labeled water supplementation and, 50
technique, 29 Contraceptives, oral, copper absorption, biological half-life and status
estimated mineral intake of toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, and, 917
565 Copper
milk supplement in, bone mass in young adults and, 579 absorption, age and gender and, 917
parent-child relationships in nutrient intake, 593 biological half-life, age and gender and, 917
protein requirements of pubertal boys, determination via nitrogen- dietary intake, age and gender and, 917
balance response to mixed-protein diet, 499 estimated intake of toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, 565
vitamin A intake by children in Bangladesh, 136 serum, diurnal and posprandial variations, 440
Cholelithiasis Corn oil, effect on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, platelets, and superoxide
effects of dietary cholesterol, type of dietary fat, and sex on bile chem- formation in hypercholesterolemia type II, 113
istry and (baboon), 511 Cornstarch, uncooked, prevention of postprandial hypoglycemia in gly-
obesity and, 235S cogen storage disease type |, 587
VLCD and, 2358S, 255S Cortical bone, mineral density, in postmenopausal vegetarian and om-
Cholesterol nivorous women, 699
dietary intake, effect on bile chemistry (baboon), 511 Cortisol, VLCD and, 281S
high-density lipoprotein (HDL) Creatinine arm index, nutritional assessment in elderly population, 61 1
dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake in women and, 77 Creatinine height index, 611
effects of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet Crohn’s disease
vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 671 leukotriene generation in, eicosapentaenoic acid infusion and, 938
effects of monounsaturated vs. polyunsaturated fatty acid diets, 678 selenium status in, 933
trans-fatty acid intake and, 1019 Cryptoxanthin, tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417
VLCD and, 2688S, 297S Cystic fibrosis, in infants, nutritional status and (/etter), 955
weight reduction and, 320
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Depression
coffee and (/etter), 604, 605 in obese binge eaters, 975
dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake in women and, 77 relation to short- and long-term weight loss, 271S
effect of monounsaturated fatty acid- vs. carbohydrate-rich diet, VLCD and, 185S
394 Dexfenfluramine, after VLCD, 195S
effects of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet Diabetes mellitus
vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 671 insulin-dependent
effects of monounsaturated vs. polyunsaturated fatty acid diets, 678 glomerular filtration and urinary albumin excretion in, effects of
in insulin-dependent diabetes, effect of guar gum, 1056 protein intake, 169
SUBJECT ~ INDEX
guar gum in, effect on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins, in severe obesity, 299S
1056 success despite etiological diversity of patients (abstract), 304S
non-insulin-dependent therapeutic experience with 840 patients in Buenos Aires (abstract),
body mass index, impact of diabetic status, dietary intake, physical 3048S
activity, and smoking, 329 total body nitrogen and, 262S
effect of glyburide and n-3 fatty acid-supplemented diet on glucose weight cycling and. See Weight cycling
and lipid metabolism, 447 weight loss on
postprandial blood glucose and insulin response to different meals, clinical correlates of short- vs. long-term loss, 271S
gender and, 712 correlation with total energy expenditure rather than resting met-
VLCD in (abstract), 304S abolic rate, 258S
Diarrhea, in breast-fed infants, implications for timing of complementary effect on obstructive sleep apnea, 182S
feeding, 1012 effect on substrate oxidation, energy expenditure, and insulin
Diet sensitivity, 247S
adherence to, 5-hydroxytryptophan administration and, 863 exercise and, 294S
bone mass in young adults and, 579 long-term efficacy, 283S. See also Weight maintenance
bone mineral density in postmenopausal vegetarian and omnivorous long-term success of self-help VLCD program, 279S
women, 699 vitamin A intake by mothers and children in Bangladesh, 136
composition, body fat and, 616 Dietary intake
diabetic, glycemic index of rice, 1034 before, during, and after VLCD, 277S
dietary quality and growth and attained sized of Mexican children, compensatory response to fat and carbohydrate content of meal, 36
353 growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities,
effect of monounsaturated fatty acid- vs. carbohydrate-rich diet on implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012
plasma lipoproteins, 394 impact of weaning food messages on infant feeding practices and child
high-fat, plasma prolactin and breast cancer and, 943 growth in rural Bangladesh, 994
hypoenergetic, effect on body composition, nitrogen metabolism, and Dietary survey, comparison of survey results and Food and Agriculture
energy utilization, 636 Organization data on dietary fat intake, 716
isonitrogenous, effect on body composition, nitrogen metabolism, and Diet history, estimation of energy intake in children and adolescents,
energy utilization, 636 validation via total energy expenditure by doubly labeled water
low-calorie technique, 29
behavior modification plus, i99S Dieting
effect on sympathetic nervous system, body weight, and plasma recidivism after, glycogen utilization during VLCD and, 292S
insulin in overwieght hypertension, 175S “yo-yo.” See Weight cycling
in obesity treatment, abstract, 3038 Dieting history, influence on resting metabolic rate, body composition,
supplemental, clinical usefulness, 275S and subsequent weight loss, 203S
monounsaturated fatty acid intake, plasma lipoproteins and apoli- Digestion
poproteins in women and, 77 milk proteins, 410
nutritional effect of ketoanalogue mixtures in uremia (rat), 1025 starch, 123
parent-child relationships in nutrient intake, 593 4,4'-Dimethoxy-6-carotene, metabolism, 433
plasma lipids and lipoproteins and, effect of long-chain vs. medium- Dopamine, urinary, body size, obesity, and nutrient intake in adult men
chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet, 881 and, 827
supplementation, effect on morbidity and growth of stunted Jamaican Doubly labeled water technique
children, 504 daily energy expenditure in free-living children, heart-rate monitoring
trans-fatty acid intake, relation to serum lipid concentrations, 1019 vs., 343
very-low-calorie massive overfeeding and energy balance in Cameroonian men, 483
anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal responses, 281S metabolic response to experimental overfeeding in lean and overweight
body composition and, 217S healthy subjects, 641
calcium homeostasis and bone mineral content during, 265S total energy expenditure
cardiac effects, 230S in healthy Swedish women during pregnancy and lactation, 334
change in body composition and energy balance, abstract, 303S validation of energy intake estimation from weighed dietary record
cholelithiasis and, 235S, 255S and diet history in children and adolescents, 29
clinical usefulness, 275S Drug therapy, after VLCD, 195S
drug therapy after, 195S
effect on sympathetic nervous system, body weight, and plasma
insulin in overwieght hypertension, 175S Eating behavior
energy expenditure and, 224S before, during, and after VLCD, 277S
exercise and, 294S in obesity, 5-hydroxytryptophan therapy and, 863
exercise during and after, 190S in women runners, bone mineral density and, 705
glycogen utilization during, influence on weight fluctuations and Eating disorders
post-diet recidivism, 292S binge eating, 975
hepatobiliary consequences, 235S bulimia nervosa, 656
high-density lipoprotein metabolism during, 297S Education
influence of dieting history on resting metabolic rate, body com- impact of weaning food messages on infant feeding practices and child
position, and subsequent weight loss, 203S growth in rural Bangladesh, 994
insulin sensitivity during, 179S nutrition training in graduate medical education (/etter), 960
lipid and lipoprotein assessment during, 268S perspectives on nutrition in medical education, 745
in moderate obesity, 286S standardized training in clinical nutrition, |
mood, hunger, and energy intake before, during, and after, 277S Eicosanoid metabolism, in platelets, dietary fatty acid modification and,
in morbid obesity, weight maintenance and, 244S 8018S
in obese NIDDM patients (abstract), 304S Eicosapentaenoic acid
patient adherence to (abstract), 305S dietary, effect on platelet eicosanoid metabolism, platelet-activating
protein metabolism during, 249S factor, and platelet function, 801S
psychological aspects, 185S leukotriene generation in Crohn’s disease and, 938
retreatment, 288S Electrocardiography, effects of starvation and VLCD, 230S
comparative weight loss and dietary adherence, 290S Endothelial cells/endothelium
Vili SUBJECT INDEX
activation, dietary fatty acids and, role in thrombogenesis, 804S Familial aggregation, parent-child relationships in nutrient intake, 593
growth factor production, dietary fatty acids and, 805S Fat
Endothelium-dependent relaxation, in atherosclerosis, 810S dietary intake. See also Fatty acids
Energy balance body fat and, 616
exercise during VLCD and, 190S catecholamine excretion in adult men and, 827
in poor healthy lactating Philippine women throughout first 6 mo of olestra and, 84
lactation, 874 plasma prolactin and breast cancer and, 943
VLCD and (abstract), 303S results of dietary surveys vs. values obtained from Food and Agri-
Energy expenditure culture Organization food-balance sheets, 716
daily, in free-living children, heart-rate monitoring vs. doubly labeled saturated vs. unsaturated, effect on bile chemistry (baboon), 511
water technique, 343 meal content, dietary response to, 36
overfeeding and, 641, 857 Fat-free mass
in poor healthy lactating Philippine women throughout first 6 mo of in AIDS, 963
lactation, 874 prediction of resting energy expenditure, 848
resting VLCD and, 224S
dietary potassium and (/etter), 609 correlation with weight loss, 258S
lean-body-mass composition and, 840 factors influencing, 217S
prediction from fat-free mass and fat mass, 848 glycogen utilization during, 292S
total in vivo neutron-activation analysis, 262S
doubly labeled water technique, validation of energy intake esti- in moderate obesity, 286S
mation from weighed dietary record and diet history in children Fat mass
and adolescents, 29 in predicting resting metabolic rate (/et/er), 460
in healthy Swedish women during pregnancy and lactatioii, 334 prediction of resting energy expenditure, 848
massive overfeeding in Cameroonian men and, 483 upper-arm anthropometry, 463
24-h, in reduced-obese and nonobese women, 6-blockade and, 662 Fatty acids
VLCD and dietary
correlation with weight loss, 258S abnormal vascular response in atherosclerosis and, 810S
factors influencing, 224S in adolescents, blood pressure and, 71
Energy intake changes in
before, during, and after VLCD, 277S platelet effects, 801S
body fat and, 616 thrombosis and, 797S
catecholamine excretion in adult men and, 827 endothelial activation and, role in thrombogenesis, 804S
in children and adolescents, estimation from weighed dietary record interactions among macrophages, endothelial lesions, and throm-
and diet history, validation via total energy expenditure by bosis and, 808S
doubly labeled water technique, 29 monounsaturated fatty acids and plasma lipoproteins and apoli-
compensatory response to fat and carbohydrate content of meal, 36 poproteins in women, 77
olestra and, 84 plasma lipids and lipoproteins and, 730
in poor healthy lactating Philippine women throughout first 6 no of platelet aggregation and arterial-thrombosis tendency and (rat), 816S
lactation, 874 platelet fatty acid composition and function and, 819S
Energy metabolism, VLCD and, 224S, 247S platelet intra- and intercellular signalling and, 807S
Energy restriction, serum lipid and insulin concentrations in obese post-
platelet-membrane function in thrombosis and, 799S
menopausal women and, 44
saturated vs. unsaturated, bile chemistry and (baboon), 511
Energy utilization thrombosis and, 783S. See also Thrombosis
effect of isonitrogenous hypoenergetic diets, 636 FDA interest in, 785S
pyruvate-supplemented low-energy diet and, 630 historical aspects, 786S
Enteral nutrition, in pediatric end-stage liver disease, branched-chain essential
amino acid supplement in, 158 alcohol ingestion and (pig), 467
Enzyme(s), hepatic, obesity and, 235S deficiency, macrophage adherence in, 808S
Epidemiology in human milk, 65
evidence for thrombogenic potential of dietary long-chain fatty acids, long-chain
823S metabolic fate and relation to thrombosis, 798S
fatty acid intake and blood pressure in adolescents, 71 thrombogenic potential of, 816S-825S
value of Food and Agriculture Organization data on dietary fat intake, clinical evidence for, 821S
716 epidemiologic evidence for, 823S
Epinephrine, urinary, body size, obesity, and nutrient intake in adult long-chain polyunsaturated, in human milk, 65
men and, 827 medium-chain, in human milk, 65
Erythorbic acid, dietary content, overestimation of vitamin C status and metabolism, thrombosis and, 797S-803S
(letter), 607 monounsaturated. See also Olive oil
Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, selenium status in Crohn’s disease plasma lipoproteins and, 394
and, 933 plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in women and, 77
Erythrocyte glutathione reductase, in older women, exercise and, 526 serum apolipoproteins and lipoproteins and, 671
Ethanol. See Alcohol serum lipid profiles in healthy young adults and, 678
Ethnicity, basal metabolic rate of Colombian children and, 623 n-3. See also Eicosapentaenoic acid
Ethyl 6-apo-8’-carotenate, metabolism, 433 dietary supplements in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, glyburide
Exercise therapy and, 447
dietary patterns, eating behaviors, and bone mineral density in women effect on plasma lipids and lipoproteins, platelets, and superoxide
runners, 705 formation in hypercholesterolemia type II, 113
iron status in women and, effect of oral iron vs. muscle-food con- effect on vascular thrombus and lesion formation (monkey), 817S
sumption, 1049 endothelium-dependent relaxation and, 810S
resting metabolic rate and cardiovascular risk factors in aerobically platelet aggregation and, 797S
and resistance-trained women, 968 platelet composition, dietary fatty acids and, 819S
riboflavin requirements in older women and, 526 polyunsaturated, serum lipid profiles in healthy young adults and, 678
VLCD and, 1908S, 199S, 294S saturated
SUBJECT INDEX ix
cholesterol-raising, 895 dietary quality and growth and attained sized of Mexican children,
plasma lipids and lipoproteins and, 730 353
trans-, relation of dietary intake to serum lipid concentrations, 1019 effect of zinc-fortified formula on immunocompetence and growth of
unsaturated, plasma lipids and lipoproteins and, 730 malnourished infants, 491
Ferritin, plasma, calcium supplementation in premenopausal women effects of supplementation on morbidity and growth of stunted Ja-
and, 1045 maican children, 504
Fertility/infertility, male, dietary zinc depletion and, 148 growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities,
Fiber, dietary implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012
oat bran. See Oat bran misclassification of infants’ growth increments using existing reference
phytate plus, mineral metabolism and (/etter), 607 data, 58
psyllium. See Psyllium nutritional effect of ketoanalogue mixtures in uremia (rat), 1025
serum lipids and, 887 in term infants, response to reduced protein formula, 1004
Fibrinolysis Growth factors, endothelial cell production, dietary fatty acids and, role
guar gum and, 1061 in thrombogenesis, 805S
lipoprotein(a) and, 791S Growth retardation, effects of supplementation on morbidity and growth
Fish oil. See Fatty acids, n-3 of stunted Jamaican children, 504
Flow cytometry, platelet activation, 789S Guar gum, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effect on glycemic
Folate/folic acid control and serum lipoproteins, 1056
serum, maternal, pregnancy outcome and, 365
serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of healthy adults, 559
Food and Agriculture Organization, food-balance sheets, value as data Heart, function, effect of obesity and starvation/semistarvation diets,
source for dietary fat intake in epidemiologic studies, 716 2308
Food and Drug Administration, interest in dietary fatty acids and Heart disease
thrombosis, 785S obesity and, 230S
Food intake risk factors
in bulimia, 656 in aerobically and resistance-trained women, 968
of obese binge eaters, 975 in obesity, weight cycling and (/etter), 781
Food-processing techniques, resistant starch and, 123 serum copper and zinc and, 440
Food selection, of obese binge eaters, 975 VLCD and, 240S
Formula feeding. See Infant nutrition Heart-rate monitoring, daily energy expenditure in free-living children,
Foulkes-Davis tracking index, prediction of ponderosity in middle age 343
from childhood BMI, 14 Hematological status, interactions among dietary manganese, heme iron,
and nonheme iron in women, 926
Hemoglobin, glycosylated, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effect
Gallbladder disease, obesity and VLCD and, 235S of guar gum, 1056
Gallstones. See Cholelithiasis Herman Award, 724
Gastric capacity, in bulimic women, 656 Herman Award Lecture, lipid nutrition: a personal perspective, 730
Gastric emptying, in bulimic women, 656 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
Gender metabolism of carotenoid analogs, 433
copper absorption, biological half-life and status and, 917 plasma and tissue concentrations of retinol, tocopherol, and carot
effect on bile chemistry (baboon), 511 enoids, 417
postabsorptive plasma vitamin A transport and, 911 HMGCOoA reductase, effect of psyllium husk on (monkey), 376
postprandial changes in apo A-I-containing lipoproteins and, 404 Hunger
postprandial response to different meals in non-insulin-dependent di- olestra and, 84
abetes and, 712 VLCD and, 185S, 277S
prediction of ponderosity in middle age from childhood BMI, 14 Hydroxylation, phenylalanine, altered protein, phenylalanine, and ty-
Geriatric population rosine intakes in healthy adult men and, 517
iron absorption and iron status in elderly women, 691 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCOoA) reductase, effect
nutritional assessment, creatinine arm index as alternative for creat- of psyllium husk on (monkey), 376
inine height index, 611 5-Hydroxytryptophan, oral administration, eating behavior and adher-
vitamin A status, relative-dose-response test for, 543 ence to diet in obese adults and, 863
Glomerular filtration rate, in insulin-dependent diabetes, dietary protein 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, serum
and, 169 distribution and determinants in Swiss population, 537
Glucose iron dextran therapy and, 533
metabolism Hypercholesterolemia
in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, effect of glyburide and n-3 fatty cholesterol-lowering effect of psyllium-enriched cereal, 93
acid dietary supplements, 447 effects of low-fat and low-fat, high-fiber diets, 887
VLCD with weight loss and, 247S type II, differential effects of olive oil, corn oil, and n-3 fatty acids on
uptake, insulin-independent, 179S plasma lipids and lipoproteins, platelets, and superoxide for-
Glucose therapy, prevention of postprandial hypoglycemia in glycogen mation, 113
storage disease type 1, 587 Hyperlipidemia, pyruvate supplementation in, 950
Glucose tolerance, VLCD and, 179S, 299S Hypersensitivity
Glutamine, nitrogen balance and (/etter), 959 delayed, in malnourished infants, effect of zinc-fortified formulas, 491
Glutathione peroxidase, selenium status in Crohn’s disease and, 933 delayed-type, photosuppression, 8-carotene supplementatior and, 684
Glyburide, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, n-3 fatty acid dietary sup- Hypertension
plements and, 447 fatty acid intake and blood pressure in adolescents, 71!
Glycemic index, rice, 1034 LCD/VLCD and, 175S
Glycemic response, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, gender and, 712 Hypoglycemia, postprandial, in glycogen storage disease type |, optimal
Glycogen, utilization during VLCD feeding time for prevention of, 587
body composition and, 217S
influence on weight fluctuations and post-diet recidivism, 292S Illness, growth and, effects of supplementation, 504
Glycogen storage disease type 1, postprandial hypoglycemia in, optimal Immune status, in malnourished infants, effect of zinc-fortified formulas,
feeding regimen for prevention of, 587 491
Growth and development Immunoaffinity chromatography, apo A-I- and apo A-II-containing li-
SUBJECT INDEX
poproteins (LpA-I/A-II), sex-related changes after fat ingestion, Iron dextran, for iron-deficiency anemia, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
404 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations and, 533
Immunoglobulin(s), IgA, secretory, in malnourished infants, effect of Isotope studies
zinc-fortified formulas, 491 leucine kinetics in premature infants, 899
immunosuppression, UVA-induced, 6-carotene supplementation and, protein metabolism during VLCD, 249S
684
Infant(s) Lactation
birth weight energy intake, energy expenditure, and body composition of poor
maternal serum folate and zinc concentrations and, 365 healthy Philippine women, 874
maternal weight gain in adolescent pregnancy and, 868 milk and blood fatty acid composition during two lactations in same
breast-fed. See also Infant nutrition woman, 65
vitamin B-6 status and growth in, pyridoxine supplementation and, pyridoxine supplementation during, B-6 vitamer concentrations in
548 milk and, 548
cystic fibrosis, nutritional status (/etter), 955 total energy expenditure in, 334
growth, misclassification ofi nfants’ growth increments using existing Lactational performance, energy intake, energy expenditure, and body
reference data, 58 composition of poor healthy Philippine women, 874
iron-deficiency anemia in, vitamin D deficiency and, 533 Lauric acid, cholesterol-raising effect, 895
premature LCD. See Diet, low-calorie
leucine kinetics, 899 Lean tissue mass
net calcium absorption in, 1037 regional changes in postmenopausal women by time of year, 307
Infant nutrition upper-arm anthropometry in postmenopausal women, 463
fatty acid composition of human milk during two lactations in same Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase, in vitamin A metabolism, 735
woman, 65 Letters
formula feeding anticancer effects of phytate, 609
arachidonic acid metabolism and (piglet), 106 coffee and serum LDL-cholesterol, 605
polyamines in infant formulas, 371 decaffeinated coffee and serum LDL-cholesterol, 604
protein metabolism and infant growth in response to reduced protein fat mass in predicting resting metabolic rate, 460
formula, 1004 fiber, phytic acid, and mineral metabolism, 607
zinc-fortified formulas, effect on immunocompetence and growth glutamine and nitrogen balance, 959
of malnourished infants, 491 importance of electrode position in BIA, 1067
growth patterns of breast-fed infants in affluent and poor communities, iodine and selenium deficiency in northern Zaire, 957
implications for timing of complementary feeding, 1012 meal frequency and thermic effect of food, 1069
impact of weaning food messages on infant feeding practices and child new weight guidelines for Americans, 1066
growth in rural Bangladesh, 994 nutritional status of infants with cystic fibrosis, 955
polyamines in human and rat milk and in infant formulas, 371 nutrition training in graduate medical education, 960
protein metabolism and infant growth in response to reduced protein optimal frequency (50 kHz ?) in routine estimation of TBW by BIA,
formula, 1004 1069
vitamin A intake by mothers in Bangladesh, 136 overestimation of vitamin C status because of erythorbic acid content
zinc-fortified formulas, effect on immunocompetence and growth of of foods, 607
malnourished infants, 491 protein requirements of adults from evolutionary perspective, 1070
resting energy expenditure in relation to dietary potassium, 609
Insulin
weight cycling and cardiovascular risk in obesity, 781
LCD/VLCD and, 175S
Leucine kinetics, in premature infants, feeding and, 899
plasma, in aerobically and resistance-trained women, 968
Leukotrienes
postprandial response to different meals, in non-insulin-dependent
generation in Crohn’s disease, effect of eicosapentaenoic acid infusion,
diabetes, gender and, 712
938
resting metabolic rate during VLCD and, 224S
LTB,, generation by stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes, effect
serum
of dietary linoleic acid supplementation, 599
energy restriction in obese postmenopausal women and, 44
Linoleic acid, supplementation, effect on phagecytosis, arachidonate
weight loss in obese postmenopausal women and, 44
concentration, and killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes,
VLCD and, 281S
599
Insulin resistance, obesity and, 235S
Lipase, VLCD and, 297S
Insulin sensitivity Lipid(s)
guar gum and, 1061 bile, effects of dietary cholesterol, type of dietary fat, and sex on (ba-
VLCD and, 179S boon), 511
Intestine body content, in vivo quantification by magnetic resonance imaging
milk protein digestion, 410 (pig), 7
small, resection, selenium status and, 933 metabolism, in non-insulin-dependent diabetes, effect of glyburide and
In vitro assay, resistant starch, 123 n-3 fatty acid dietary supplements, 447
lodine deficiency, in northern Zaire (letter), 957 plasma
Iron dietary fat and, 730
absorption differential effects of olive oil, corn oil, and n-3 fatty acids in hy-
in elderly women, iron status and, 691 percholesterolemia type II, 113
from soy-protein isolates, phytate content and, 573 effects of lauritic and palmitic acids, 895
deficiency, in pregnant Indonesian women, 988 in hyperlipidemia, pyruvate supplementation in, 950
estimated intake of toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, 565 long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet, 881
heme, dietary, manganese status in women and, 926 oat bran and, 99
nonheme, dietary, manganese status in women and, 926 weight reduction and, 320
seminal, zinc depletion and, 148 serum
status effect of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet vs.
calcium supplementation in premenopausal women and, 1045 high-carbohydrate diet, 671
in exercising women, effect of oral iron vs. muscle-food consump- effect of psyllium-enriched cereal, 93
tion, 1049 energy restriction in obese postmenopausal women and, 44
supplementation, in exercising women, effect on iron status, 1049 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effect of guar gum, 1056
SUBJECT INDEX Xi
trans-fatty acid intake and, 1019 protein-calorie, creatinine arm index as alternative for creatinine height
VLCD and, 281S index, 611
long-term follow-up, 283S zinc-fortified formulas in, effect on immunocompetence and growth
weight loss in obese postmenopausal women and, 44 of malnourished infants, 491
Lipid peroxidation, effect of monounsaturated fatty acid- vs. carbohy- Manganese status, interactions among dietary manganese, heme iron,
drate-rich diet, 394 and nonheme iron in women, 926
Lipolysis, in reduced-obese and nonobese women, §-blockade and, 662 Maternal size, growth and attained sized of Mexican children and, 353
Lipoprotein(s) Mathematical modeling, insulin sensitivity during VLCD, 179S
distribution of oral 6-carotene, 128 McCollum Award, 724
high-density (HDL) McCollum Award Lecture, vitamin A absorption, transport, cellular up-
apo A-I- and apo A-II-containing (LpA-I/A-II), sex-related changes take, and storage, 735
after fat ingestion, 404 Menopause, plasma prolactin and, 943
apo A-I-containing (LpA-lI), sex-related changes after fat ingestion, Metabolic rate
404 basal, in Colombian children, effects of ethnicity and nutritional status,
long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet and, 623
881 body composition during VLCD and, 217S
lipoprotein(a) massive overfeeding in Cameroonian men and, 483
plasmin generation and, 793S resting
thrombosis and, 791S, 795S in aerobically and resistance-trained women, 968
low-density (LDL) body composition and, 840
effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 385 fat mass in prediction of (/etter), 460
long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet and, influence of weight cycling on, 203S
881 in obese women, body-fat distribution and, 981
metabolism overfeeding and, 857
thrombosis and, 793S VLCD and, 224S
VLCD and, 297S correlation with weight loss, 258S
plasma Midarm circumference, relation to soft-tissue composition in post-
dietary fat and, 730 menopausal women, 463
dietary monounsaturated fatty acid intake in women and, 77 Milk
differential effects of olive oil, corn oil, and n-3 fatty acids in hy- cow’s, proteins, digestion, 410
percholesterolemia type II, 113 human. See also Breast-feeding; Lactation
effect of lauritic and palmitic acids, 895 B-6 vitamer concentrations, maternal pyridoxine supplementation
effect of monounsaturated fatty acid- vs. carbohydrate-rich diet, and, 548
394 fatty acid composition during two lactations in same woman, 65
effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 376 polyamines in, 371
long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet, 881 rat, polyamines in, 371
weight reduction and, 320 Mineral metabolism
serum dietary fiber and phytic acid and (letter), 607
effects of avocado-enriched high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet dietary protein deficiency and (rat), 314
vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 671 Monocyte-macrophage. See Macrophage(s)
effects of low-fat and low-fat, high-fiber diets, 887 Mood, VLCD and, 277S
in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, effect of guar gum, 1056 Morbidity. See Illness
very-low-density (VLDL) Muscle-food consumption, in exercising women, effect on iron status,
effect of psyllium husk (monkey), 385 1049
long-chain vs. medium-chain vs. mixed-chain triglyceride diet and,
881
VLCD and, 268S National Dairy Council Award for Excellence in Medical/Dental Nu-
Liver, morphology, obesity and VLCD and, 235S trition Education, 724
Liver disease National Dairy Council Award for Excellence in Medical/Dental Nu-
end-stage trition Education Lecture, perspectives on nutrition in medical
branched-chain amino acid-supplemented enteral feeding in chil- education, 745
dren, 158 Nervous system, sympathetic, LCD and blood pressure in overweight
nature of malnutrition in children with, 164 hypertension and, 175S
obesity and VLCD and, 235S Neutron-activation analysis, in vivo
Liver transplantation, in pediatric population, preoperative nutritional body-fat measurement in AIDS, 963
support, 158 total body protein during VLCD-induced weight reduction, 262S
Longitudinal study, relation between changes in body-fat pattern and 'SN-glycine study, protein metabolism during VLCD, 249S
metabolic variables in French women, 475 Nitrogen, total body, during VLCD-induced weight reduction, 262S
Lutein, tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417 Nitrogen balance
Luxuskonsumption, 483 glutamine and (/etter), 959
Lycopene, tissue concentration, quantitation of, 417 response to mixed-protein diet in pubertal boys, 499
VLCD and, 2408, 249S
Nitrogen metabolism
Macrophage(s) effect of isonitrogenous hypoenergetic diets, 636
in atherosclerotic lesions, 810S pyruvate-supplemented low-energy diet and, 630
spreading and adherence, essential fatty acid deficiency and, 808S Norepinephrine
Magnesium LCD/VLCD and, 175S
metabolism, vitamin B-6 depletion and repletion and, 905 urinary, body size, obesity, and nutrient intake in adult men and, 827
seminal, zinc depletion and, 148 Nutrient intake, parent-child relationships in, 593
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in vivo quantification of adipose Nutritional assessment
tissue (pig), 7 application of relative-dose-response test for assessing vitamin A status
Malnutrition in older adults, 543
in children with end-stage liver disease, associated nutrient deficiencies in elderly population, creatinine arm index as alternative for creatinine
and hepatic dysfunction, 164 height index, 611
Xi SUBJECT INDEX
energy intake estimation from weighed dietary record and diet history Phagocytosis, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, effect of dietary linoleic
in children and adolescents, validation via total energy expen- acid supplementation, 599
diture by doubly labeled water technique, 29 Pharmacokinetics, obesity and VLCD and, 235S
estimated mineral intake of toddlers in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico, Phenylalanine, kinetics, altered protein, phenylalanine, and tyrosine in-
565 takes in healthy adult men and, 517
five-level model for body-composition research, 19 Phospholipid(s), arachidonic acid concentration, in formula-fed neonate
relation of upper-arm anthropometry to soft-tissue composition in (piglet), 106
postmenopausal women, 463 Phosphorus, seminal, zine depletion and, 148
Nutritional status Photoimmunosuppression, $-carotene supplementation and, 684
basal metabolic rate of Colombian children and, 623 Physical activity
cystic fibrosis infants (/etter), 955 bone mass in young adults and, 579
interactions among dietary manganese, heme iron, and nonheme iron energy expenditure, heart-rate monitoring vs. doubly labeled water
in women, 926 technique, 343
vitamin A intake by mothers and children in Bangladesh, 136 in poor healthy lactating Philippine women throughout first 6 mo of
Nutritional support, in pediatric end-stage liver disease, branched-chain lactation, 874
amino acid supplement in, 158 Phytate
anticancer effects (/etter), 609
dietary fiber plus, mineral metabolism and (/etter), 607
Oat bran in soy-protein isolates, iron absorption and, 573
effect on plasma cholesterol and bile acid excretion in ileostomy pa- Phytohemagglutinin, lymphoproliferative response to, in malnourished
tients, 99 infants, effect of zinc-fortified formulas, 491
serum acetate level in hypercholesterolemia and, 455 Plasma, biotin distribution, 427
Obesity Plasminogen, cell surface binding, lipoprotein(a) and, 793S
adherence to diet in, 5-hydroxytryptophan therapy and, 863 Platelet(s)
binge-eating disorder in, food selection and intake in, 975 activation
cardiovascular consequences, 230S flow cytometric measurement, 789S
cardiovascular risk factors in, weight cycling and (/etter), 781 thrombotic risk and, 789S
catecholamine excretion in adult men and, 827 aggregability
dietary fat intake and body fat, 616 arterial-thrombosis tendency and, effect of dietary fatty acids (rat),
eating behavior in, 5-hydroxytryptophan therapy and, 863 816S
energy expenditure and, 848, 857 dietary n-3 fatty acids and, 797S
glucose metabolism in, effect of VLCD with weight reduction, 247S differential effects of olive oil, corn oil, and n-3 fatty acids in hy-
hepatobiliary complications, 235S percholesterolemia type II, 113
LCD in. See Diet, low-calorie eicosanoid metabolism, dietary fatty acid modification and, 801S
metabolic response to experimental overfeeding in, 641 fatty acid composition, dietary fatty acids and, 819S
moderate, VLCD in, body composition and weight maintenance, 286S function
morbid, VLCD and weight maintenance in, 244S dietary fatty acid modification and, 801S
psychological aspects, 185S dietary fatty acids and, 819S
resting metabolic rate and fat distribution in obese women, 981 inter- and intracelllar signalling, dietary fatty acids and, role in throm-
serum lipid and insulin concentrations in, separate effects of energy bosis, 807S
restriction and weight loss in postmenopausal women, 44 membrane function, in thrombosis, dietary fatty acids and, 799S
severe, VLCD in, 299S vasospasm in atherosclerosis and, 810S
sleep apnea and, effect of VLCD with weight loss, 182S Platelet-activating factor, dietary fatty acid modification and, 801S
tracking body mass index from childhood to middle age, 14 Platelet-derived growth factor, endothelial cell production, dietary fatty
treatment. See Diet, low-calorie; Diet, very-low-calorie acids and, 805S
treatment outcome Polyamines, in human and rat milk and in infant formulas, 371
clinical correlates of short- vs. long-term weight loss, 271S Polycythemia vera, thrombosis risk in, 814S
long-term success of self-help VLCD weight-loss program, 279S
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte, phagocytosis, arachidonic acid content,
VLCD in, 2408S. See also Diet, very-low-calorie
and killing function, effect of linoleic acid dietary supplement,
behavior modification plus, 199S 599
exercise and, 190S Potassium
Oleic acid, plasma lipids and lipoproteins and, 730
dietary intake, resting energy expenditure and (/etter), 609
Olestra, effect on energy and fat intake in lean men, 64 seminal, zinc depletion and, 148
Oligomenorrhea, athletic, dietary patterns, eating behaviors, and bone
total body, VLCD and, glycogen utilization during, 292S
mineral density in women runners, 705 Pregnancy
Olive oil
adolescent, weight gain in, relation to birth-weight outcome, 868
plasma lipids and lipoproteins, platelets, and superoxide formation in
energy cost of, 334
hypercholesterolemia type II and, 113
nutritional anemia in pregnant Indonesian women, iron and vitamin
plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in women and, 77
A status and, 988
Osteoporosis, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in, 537
outcome
Overfeeding
maternal serum folate and zinc concentrations and, 365
experimental, metabolic response to, 641
weight gain in adolescent pregnancy and, 868
massive, energy balance in Cameroonian men and, 483
President’s address, American Society for Clinical Nutrition, a glance
thermogenesis and, 857
backward, a look ahead, 726
Oxalate, vitamin B-6 deficiency and, 905
Prolactin, plasma, diet and, 943
Oxidation, phenylalanine, altered protein, phenylalanine, and tyrosine
Propranolol, effect on 24-h energy expenditure in reduced-obese and
intakes in healthy adult men and, 517
nonobese women, 662
Oxygen capacity, maximal, riboflavin requirements and exercise in older Protein(s)
women, 526
dietary intake
catecholamine excretion in adult men and, 827
Palmitic acid, cholesterol-raising effect, 895 influence on glomerular filtration and urinary albumin excretion
Parathyroid hormone, intact, VLCD and, 265S in insulin-dependent diabetes, 169
Parity, plasma prolactin and, 943 milk, digestion, 410
Personal fat ratio, body composition during VLCD and, 217S requirements