ALSO BY PETER DALE SCOTT The Politics of Escalation in Vietnam (1966, with Franz Schurmann and Regi- nald Zelnik) The War Conspiracy (1972, 2008) The Assassinations: Dallas and Beyond (1976, with Paul Hoch and Russell Stetler) Crime and Cover-Up: The CIA, the Mafia, and the Dallas-Watergate Connec- tion (1977) The Iran-Contra Connection: Secret Teams and Covert Operations in the Rea- gan Era (1987, with Jonathan Marshall and Jane Hunter) Coming to Jakarta: A Poem about Terror (1988, 1989, poetry) Cocaine Politics: Drugs, Armies, and the CIA in Central America (1991, 1992, 1998, with Jonathan Marshall) Listening to the Candle: A Poem on Impulse (1992, poetry) Deep Politics and the Death of JFK (1993, 1996) Crossing Borders (1994, poetry) Deep Politics II: The New Revelations in Government Files, 1994–1995 (1994, 2007) Minding the Darkness: A Poem for the Year 2000 (2000, poetry) Drugs, Oil, and War: The United States in Afghanistan, Colombia, and Indo- china (2003) The Road to 9/11: Wealth, Empire, and the Future of America (2007) The War Conspiracy: JFK, 9/11 and the Deep Politics of War (2008) Mosaic Orpheus (2009, poetry) American War Machine: Deep Politics, the CIA Global Drug Connection, and the Road to Afghanistan (2010, 2014) Tilting Point (2012, poetry) Oswald, Mexico, and Deep Politics (2013, formerly Deep Politics II) The American Deep State The American Deep State Big Money, Big Oil, and the Struggle for U.S. Democracy Updated Edition Peter Dale Scott ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham • Boulder • New York • London Published by Rowman & Littlefield A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.rowman.com Unit A, Whitacre Mews, 26-34 Stannary Street, London SE11 4AB, United Kingdom Copyright © 2015 by Peter Dale Scott Introduction © 2017 by Peter Dale Scott All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available The hardback edition of this book was previously cataloged by the Library of Congress as follows: Scott, Peter Dale. The American deep state : Wall Street, big oil, and the attack on U.S. democracy / Peter Dale Scott. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Elite (Social sciences)—United States. 2. Power (Social sciences)—United States. 3. Interest groups—United States. 4. Wall Street (New York, N.Y.) 5. Conspiracy— United States. 6. Democracy—United States. I. Title. HN90.E4S43 2015 305.5’20973—dc23 2014029231 ISBN 978-1-4422-1424-8 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4422-1425-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-5381-0025-7 (electronic) ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Printed in the United States of America Contents Acknowledgments ix Note about the Cover Image x Introduction xi 1 The Doomsday Project, Deep Events, and the Shrinking of American Democracy 1 2 The Deep State, the Wall Street Overworld, and Big Oil 11 3 The Doomsday Project: How COG on 9/11 Subordinated the U.S. Constitution 31 4 The Falsified War on Terror: The Deep History of U.S. Protection for al-Qaeda Terrorist Ali Mohamed 43 5 The Falsified War on Terror II: How the Deep State Has Protected Gulf Arab States Rather than the American People 57 6 Deep State Uses and Protection of al-Qaeda Terrorists 67 7 The U.S. Terror War: The CIA, 9/11, Afghanistan, and Central Asia 81 8 Deep Power Takes Its Toll on U.S. Presidents, 1961–1980 101 9 The Doomsday Project and Deep Events: JFK, Watergate, Iran-Contra, and 9/11 109 10 The American Deep State, Deep Events, and Off-the- Books Financing 121 vii viii contents 11 America’s Unchecked Security State: The Continuity of COG Planning, 1936–2001 135 12 America’s Unchecked Security State and Lawlessness 151 13 Why Americans Must End America’s Self-Generating Wars 167 Epilogue—Greek Theater: Mario Savio and the Socratic Quest 183 Notes 191 Selected Bibliography 277 Permissions 283 Index 285 About the Author 319 Acknowledgments I could never have finished this book without the generous assistance of three skilled editors: Mark Selden at Japan Focus, my French translator Maxime Chaix, and my wife Ronna Kabatznick. I also owe a great debt to the guidance and patience of my editors, Susan McEachern and Jehanne Schweitzer at Rowman & Littlefield, and to the many people who have offered me support, advice, and criticism over the last few years. Among these I would particularly like to thank Daniel Ellsberg, Jonathan Marshall, Gary Aguilar, Paul Hoch, Brian Kabatznick, Rex Bradford, Jefferson Mor- ley, David Talbot, and Karen Croft. For my thinking about the deep state in particular, I would like once again to acknowledge my general debt to Ola Tunander and Eric Wilson. My thanks to Freeman Ng for his generous assistance and perseverance with the cover of this book. And my thanks to the copyeditor Naomi Mindlin who devoted so much labor to these pages, to my indexer PJ Heim, and to my longtime agent, Victoria Shoemaker. My thanks and love to all my family and close friends who have suffered with me through these last four years. My greatest debt of all can never be acknowledged enough or too often: to my wife Ronna Kabatznick, who has sustained me now for a quarter century, and given me the life I so cherish. I wish to say to her here, in the words of Hermann Hesse, “If I know what love is, it is because of you.” ix