The Alcoholic Republic: An American Tradition

159 Pages·1979·7.64 MB·English

by  W.J. Rorabaugh

THE
ALCOIHCO L
REPUBLIC
AN AMERICATNR ADITION
w. J.R ORABAUGH
- . -
NewY orkO xford
OXFORUDN IVERSIPTRYE SS
1979

THE GROG-SHOP
oc moel te aultslot h gerg o-sh:op
Thtee pmseitgs a trnhigfe ast-
Threes ulyri ensog uhltki et hgreog s-hpo
Tos hedilf romt hteu rbtbu asllten.
Fotrhr eew iblewl r galnnigW illy
Dispuntgai boaul ta moex ;
Antdh reew iblebl u ylnilgB iyl l
Chanlgnligne egsr obteoox :
TobyF llipowti ctrhab ulnneco se
Mixnigp otliiucpws i thsihl q iuor;
Tmi Tunefult hsanitge sv pern,o s e
Anhdi upcsac ncdog huisnh si b eaker.
DicDkr owwsyi ethemr aeyld e,s
KitC ruyws tithh arli iakc emo et,
SaSmm ootthlywa htli ogrme ww ise
Burtte urndle iakd eo tgoh si v moit
Antdhr eew ibletlip pnlga intda lk
Anfdudd ligna nfdun t ot hleeif ,
Ansdw ggaergi,s nwenagria,n sdm o,k e
Ansdh uinfflga nsduc fflniga nsdtif re.
Antdh reew ilswla pbpniegof h orses,
Anbd entgta,in bde nagta,in bdl so,w
Anldag uhtre, laenwdsd san,ne ldsso e,s
Anwdi ngn,ai ndnw ouinngad nwdo se.
o thnel teu sof ft to hgerg os-hop;
Com,fe athre,c omjeoa,nt hcaonm,e ;
Fadrra eirefarrt haaSn u ayn d
Isas toirntm hd eun llsesof h o.m e
GREEN'S
ANTI-INTEAMNPECRE
ALMANACK( 1831)
PREFACE
THISP ROJEbCeT gwahne Ind icsovears eidz ecaoblllee c­
tioonfe arnliyn eteentthe-mcpeenrptamaunprchyel . e ts
AsI r eatdh otsrea, c wtIos ndewrheahdta pdr ompstoe d
manayu thtooer xsp esnomd u cehf rftao nedx petnos e
attaalcck.o hboIel gan etcott h satuthst epe mperance
movemheanbdte elna uncihnte h1de2 8 S0a sar esponse
toa p erioofed x cepthieoanrdatrlyil nyk Tihnetg r.u th
wasst talriAnmge:r ibceatnwse1 9e70na nd13 80d rank
morael cohboelvierca gceasp tihptaeaenr v ebre foorre
sinLciet.ht alse wbreietnat beonu tv etrhiintsaa tbiloen al
bingaen,sd o mree flecctoinocne rntihdene gv elopment
ofA merihciasnt orieoxgprlataphinheney sg lect.
Int hfier pslta tcher,o ugmhoosoutfAt m erihciasnt ory
alcohhaobsle eant absouob jWehcitnl.ie n eteenth-cen­
tury lifiblreradeer frieanntcsoe usin td aep re jiovrea,t
th'elu iopqrr oebm,lp'r oppeero pdlinedo etv emne ntion
strobnegv er.Na egietsdhiehdri satno,sr iwhon el­ong
glectthefeda tc th atthU en itSetda tebse eohnna oedf
thweo rlgdr'esa t dcroiuinnek.tsi rrnAeg c beinotg rapher
ofP atrHiecnk,rG yeorWgiel litseolnlt,sh aoutnso e f
Henrye'asrb liyo gratprhaoenrrssmf etdh apta triot's
taverni-nkfgero eh pifsta h..ei.:rn-iInaotwoc casviiosniatls
tot hadtr inhkoieuns.gA nda f ewy ealrastH eern ry's
grandwsroonatb ei ogrtahpadhtiyn d o etv en mention
thtea v.eS rnometilmaentsie,n eteentahu-tcheonrtsu ry
IX
Preface Praefce
becapmoel ivtauegelWy.h eRni chHa.rC do lliinhn iss ofi nduisztartidiauolrnit nhgme i d-tneienncetehn tury
HistooryfK enyt u(cLukoisvi17l87l)e7,,6 7d,er sicbed begtaon atmtorraaetc tttei noann,td h aitn tesrteismtu ­
ThomFa.Ms a rsl,hl daar unkardo fn eCpJhhuiesewtf i ce lataen du mboefwr o rfkcosu sionng sduvecleho pments
JohMna rsh,a hlelw rtoe",I ns piotfeh isg reat ast hAem erircaaianld Ar. or iscionngs scnieoasubso ut
weaknewsesa-kan wehsisco fht meand hei md iasgree­ ethnilcetidost tyu diiemsm ioggfrr auonp.tsT hec hang­
ablaen udn welctoohm iebs e sftrei ndtsh,we e akness inrgo loefws o mewne rien vetsetdMi.og saotf t hese
moscto mmaomno nmge no fb rilplrioam-nihtse we as inuqireiietseh,xe iprcl iotril myp licittlhyie,m ­eroded
int ruatr he marmkaanb..l .e.T " h uwsa tsh ien nuendo portaonfc es cuucsht omdairvyi dinga stp hoei nts
clowsietdh d saaha ,st haeu thor rbeethriaenf adat­ ed Revolourtt ihoen CWiavra,in l,di ndetehdpe,r i ofler­
cadoefr especyt.a bilit atioofsn o chiiaslt tohrrye attoel anevemedu cohf t he
Int hsee copnlda Acmee,r ihciasnt otrriaadnist ionaAlmleyr ipcaawsnti thsoiugtn itfiucranpniotnti g.sn
havfeco usuepdo pno lietvinecteassl,p ecuipaolnl ys uch Thep ressetnutsd uygg esntesw t uar npionign t. The
obvitouursn pionigna tsts h Ree voluatnido Cnti hvei l chanignde rsi npkaitntgte hrnoasct c urbreetdw1 e9e70n
Warw,i tthhc eo nseqtuhelanitcdf eue r itnhygee abres­ an1d4 80w ermeo rder amtahtaiancn tyh aotc curarte d
twetehno wsaerh sa osf tbeenei ng noErveedsn.c holarsa noyt hteirmi enA merihciasnt.F o urreytrhmotrheae,s ­
whoh avwer itotnte hnee a rnliyn etceeenntthuhar vye sociaotfpi aoruntl iapcra ttienrnt sh ceo nsumopft ion
emphaspiozlei,dit nicclsuAdritnhMgu. rS chlesingearl,c owhiotclhe rtsaoicanin apdlys cholotrgaiictalsle dh as
Jr,i. nh ipsta h-breTahAkegi en Jgofac kosnT.h awto rk, met oc onclude that itnth heo ysUerenasu i nt­ed States
publiisn1h 49e5dl, e adg eneroaft ihoins ttoo rsieaen sd erwseuncth oupnrsdoo fcainapdls hyoclogcihcaanlg e
JacksAomneirapinrc iam aarsti hleeyr t ah at bgiarvteh thaat n ewn aticohnaarla ecmteerr.g I endd,et ehde
tom odelrni bvearla.ulT e hsis gvaivteehwp e e riafo ad­ Ameriocf1a 48n0w as asiusnm pt,ia otnutsdi,etb seliefs,
vorarbelpeu tuanttiiiotwln a ds icsovetrheaAdtn drew behavainomdri ,nc dl otsoe rAt mheer iocf1a 69n0t han
Jackstohnapt,r imolridrbiaeahlla, db eeanh oldoefr toh iosw ng ranhdefrIa.not thweordr st,h eea rnliyn e­
slaavneadss lrao yfIe ndni.sa teenctehn twuarasyk efyro matpirevieoi dnA merican
Duritnhg1e 960ss,c hwohwliealrrees refocrmo iling
sochiiaslt ory.
Jackasnoldno siinntge irnhe iststi mAemse,r iwcearnes
Thipsr ojbeecgwtai nt h mmoodreaesi t.mA ssI b egan
livtihnrgo uunghp recetduernlmt.oWei edd sicovered
toi nsvteitghapetre ei oodf hciognhs umdputriitonhnge
thasto ccihaalnh gaetd h peo tentotb ieaa stl u multuous
early nicneentteIuce ronynt,sh i wdheodr readn k, what
anadal rmianspg o liticaHli srctihoabanensgg aeen.x ­to
theiym biwbheedan,n wdh etrheec yo nsuHmaedtd h.i s
amimnoer cel ostehsleoy c cihaaln tghehasta o dc curred
wornke vaedrv anbceeydot nhdo sei noq,sui etwso tuld
int hUen ited iSnpt aastttie msea nstd,h ebye gtaon
havbee easn u ggetshtoiuivgnehc heosastiaenmy a nn.e rs
questthiueot nyi o lfis tucthu rnpionigan stt shR ee volu­ Whahta esn abmleet doc onsider broader questions has
tioornt hCei vWialrA . numobfse tru doifNe eswE ng­ beetnhu es oeft hteh eorletiteircaoatnltu hrceeo nsump­
lantdo wndsu ritnhgce o lopneiraiploo di nttoet dh e tioonfa lco.h oFlrtohwmeo rokfs ocsicaile nwthios ts
importoafne cveo lutcihoannaargsyet heb asfiosr
examineddr intmkhoiern iegns p articcuullatrau nrde s
log-nterrema rranogfe msteohnceoti rsad lTe hrei. mp atc madceor ss-ucrucallot mparoifds roinnsik nip nrgi mitive
x Xl
Praefec Praefce
soci,e tIi elseadrrniendck uitsnhtgaao ntmhd sa bwietrse anKdi rMbiyl flroea rc ctoe msasn Iyr iismhm iglreatn­t
norta ndboumrt e flecotfai s voec ifebatryit'ces,on snis, te;rt soE dwaPreds sfroec no mmeonnt sdm iy stsaetrion;
anidn ndeyrn am,ai ncodsf ptshyeco hgoislceaotlfsi ts antod MichMaceGlfi efarntGd a rWya tlofnro c ritiqu­
peoepB.le catuhsweee ahlo tft hmiaset rieanla bmlete od ing deraaroflfcty hs a pttweaorn std h rreeees,cp etli.Avy n
appsloyc sicaile tnhceeot romy a noyfm yo bsveartions earvleiresroi fmo ync onsumepsttiiomanap tpeesai rne d
ofd rinpktaitnegirn nns i neteentAhm-ecreiInwc taaus,r y "EstaitmeUd.S .A lcohBoelviecr Caognes utim,op n
ablceo,n setqlutyeo,dn racwo nclucsoinocnesrt nhien g 170-91680",J ournofa lSu tdioens Alco(h1o9l,7, 6 )37
pshyocloagnyds ocbieahla voifAo mre riciantn hsa t 375-43.T6 hen exrto uhnodn ors AlfIrcne;.td �h Knopf,
peiro.Ad tt hsea me tthiiimnseq ,u biercyaa m ek oifn d MarylHaisntdo rSiocciae,lBt ayltiamnotdrh eRe;h ode­
laobrationwr hyi cthe hstytop otfhreosme lsit thee raturIes lHainsdt oSroieccti,ayr le spveeclftyoip,re rmission to
ona lco.Ih nto hlsaet ntshee,o orfdi rsitnsmk oitnigv ationr eprotdhurcieelet l ruastPihoontso.g wrearpmeha sda et
cavni etwhw eo raksa h istocraisscteau .ld y thUen irvseiotfCy ai lfroniBae,r kye,al ned Utnhiev er­
Andh erew iIla ld da warnBiencga.t uhsibeso ok siotfyW ashgit.noP nermiwsasgsii ovnte oqn u oftreo m
mixheiss taonrdy s tohcseic aile, in tc eesmmpeltohyosd s sevemraanlu sccroilplte cBteianomjniRsnu: s Pha p,e rs
thatn oattrr ea dittoia onnya lsd iinsgclieap nlidit nse , HistoSroiecctiaoylf P ensnylvaMnicihaa;e l PaC­ollins
conclusions amroer es suogmgeetstithmiaevnse perDsu,k Uen iverRsoibtiyFs;ao mni Playp ,eM rasine
rigorporuosvlMeyyd j .su tificfarots iuhocs np eculatioHni stoSroicciaelt yC;o cJkP.ea pHe.r s,F orMnresy.
ist hatth eirsen eae fdob ro otkhsap tr ovqiudees tionsJ ohnsatntodhn Ue n ievrsoifVt iyr gaia;nn Bida cFoanm ­
ratthhearan n sewr.Is tm attleertsshs am yts epculationisl Pya p,eY raslUen ievrs.i ty
arceo rraelctth,oI hu ogphte h asto moeft hem bwei ll I alsot hmseea mlbuetorefs tmyh ecsoimsm iattt ee
provientd i mteh,at nh ahta vpIer ovotkhreeed a tdoe r Berk,eT lreoDyyu stWeirn,t hJrroodpaa nn,ed s pecially
thiannked x plfoorhrei melsTfh.a itsw hyI wrtohtee chairmanS eClh.lHa eersr lhseesp herdedf rtohmi s work
book. itisn cteipotoni tcso mpleasta ti hoseni wsa,rn emde of
numreoupsi lt,lfa sanmd admea nhye luplsf uggoensst,i
incnlgut dhtiei tTlheeU. n iveorfCs aiiltfnyoi rBaer,k e­
Finablywl ayyo, fa pprenc,iw aoItu illoeid k otfof seerv ­ legya,vfi en anciala saTs euaphpcionArgst s isatnaadsn t
ertaolsa tFsis.rt t,ot hmea ncyo operlaitbiiravanpersa ,r ­ aD ean's wFietlhtl roaaawv l ello wlaonwceaes .p ecial
ticutlhaoraslttey h C eo ngregSaotciioLenitabylra anrdy toatsoEt l ieztaRhbo sen.fiH eelrgde nerionps riotvyi d­
HaravrdB'ask Beurs iLniebsrsMa arnyu scDreiapprtts­ inagp alcteow riatneid n imidtianbncleoern versation
menttoh; e lpfirnidge,s Sn uzaAnlnder iSdtgeFevi,hes , spdem yt hetsoii tscs o nucsliMoinn.we a tsh sei xdtihs ­
BiGlile naKpepiH,to hw aTrodn,y MaSrtteNivonev, a k, setratwiroint itnhe enhr o me. rMeoclre,yens thhea esx ­
RoyW eatuhpeH,ru gWhe st,K eannWtdo o;da nd to ercihseeerdd itsokriuilpaloltn h mea nuscWreid pitd.
firendclrcyi,st J ioCeo r,Hn arrLye viCnhea,r Rloeys­ not aalgwraheyeesr: whiiSssc ko;tim ceih naesa,n ative
ster, RJyosshepapanhnd , WWeadlellis.g hI raalissoe ofK entu,c nkioystM .yfi nasla luatrteeoRs i chard R.
myg latsoDs a vFiids cfhoserur g geasl toignifgroc maalt John,sO otniPse aasnemd,y otchoelgrlu eeaastt hUen i­
frop reensticnogn sumspttaiicto;sint s oBt ruBcoe ling verys oifWt ashintgotA onnnP; e ttli,wnh goisales sis-
XII Xlll
Prefcae
tanwcaems a dpeo ssbiyba gl rea fnrtot mh Uen iversity
ofW ashgitnoAnl cohoalnDidrs umAg b uIsnes tittou te;
ShelMdeoynew rh,og aveea relnyc ouratgoeS muesnatn;
RabiPnheyrl,Dl eiust schev,e rayanotdOn xfero da;n d
tom ys isMtaerrRy,o rabawuhgohh e,l pseodla vl ea st
minuctiriess .
CONTENTS
W.J .R .
Seattle
June
13,19 79
Chatper
A NATIONO FD RUNKARD.S. . . .. .. .. 3.. . . .
2 A GOODC REATU.R.E.... . . ... ... . ... .2.3 .
3 THE SPIRIOTFSI NDEPENDE.N.C.E... . .. ..5 9
4 WHISKEYF EED. . . . . . . ... 9. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 THE ANXIETIOEFTS HE IR CONDITIO..N ... .1 2 3
6 THE PURSUIOTFH APPINE.S.S . . . . .i.47. . . . . .
7 DEMONR UM. ..................... ....1 .85
Appendix
I ESTIMATICNOGN SUMPTIOOFAN LC OHOL. . .223.
2 CROSs-NATIOCNOAMLP ARISOONFS
CONSUMPTI.O.N .. . . . . .. ..2 3 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 COOKB OOKS. . . . . . . .. ..2 4 .0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 REVIEOWF D RINKIMNOGT IVATION
LITERATU..R.E. ...... ... ............ 2.4 1
.
XIV
XV
Contents
5 QUANTITATMIEVAES UREMEN.TS. . 247
. . . . . . . .
6 A RECIEP . ... . . . 250
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BibglripaohicNaolt. e . . . . . . .. ... . .2. 5 .1 . . . . . . . . .
Key toA bberviati.o.n.s. ...........2.5.4. ......
THAEL COHROELPIUCB LIC
Notes 256
. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inedx. ......................2.9.5. ..........
XVI
PLENTY
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WASE ARLnYi neteenth-century America really a nation
ofd runsk?Caer rdtaicnlleyr gtwyhhmeowe enr cer usad­
infgro t empertahnocusego ha,tse xcefrorpmtt hse sierr ­
monasn da ddreastestseTtsh. e ssee lf-apmpoorianlt ed
guardcioannvsi,tn hcaaet d h eianrldtguye incnae l cohol
was commoinnpcalrsaeicanengu,d,n epcredeedwn,et re
fillweidta hp ephrenstihoesnie,rr mfiolnlswe idtd he ­
spaIinrt.e mpetrhaewnyac ren,,we adwsi desp"rteoaod ,
obvinoouttsob en oti;c""es cdoo mmoanss, c arcbeel y to
thoucgrhitnm ail";t"hf esa hionvaibclee o'fd. a"yt he
Thenyo tetdo,to h,at thU en itSeatdt weasas m ontgh e
mosatd dictneaodtn isto,hf ai tnt hriess piehtca tod u t­
striaplpEleuo drp ea,n tdh a"tno ot hpeero pelveei rn ­
dulgseoud n,i vael.rlE"syv en amloarreim nit nhgee iyre s
watsh feca tt htahtii nst empwearssap nrceea "dwiindge r
anwdi de"rl;it"kh peel a;g""ut ehrouoguhcroo uutn; t"r y
"witthhre a piadnipdto yw oefrat emp.eN"so totn ldyi d
thesyee ex ceusssaiestv hece r ysiniognft hnea otnib,u t
thebye liietv ebtde"o ag roiwnegv ;i"'l 'stiinrllce ags;"i n
untAimle ri"cwaaf ssa tb ecomain nagt ioofdn r unk­
ar.d"s
1
A simiallaawrra mvs o ibcyet dh nea timoons'ts prom­
inesntta teenIs.twm anso sto m ucthh ues oef a lcohol
thawtor rtiheedm -tahldelry a tnosk o meex tent-as its
excesuss.ieG veeo rWgaesi hnognta,w hisdkiesyt iller
5
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-- -��._--=-__=--___. ________ ....hn.; ________________ _