The AIDS pandemic : impact on science and society PDF
Preview The AIDS pandemic : impact on science and society
Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page i The AIDS Pandemic: Impact on Science and Society This page intentionally left blank Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page iii The AIDS Pandemic: Impact on Science and Society Edited by Kenneth H Mayer and HF Pizer AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page iv This book is printed on acid-free paper Copyright © 2005, Elsevier (USA). All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK; phone: ((cid:1)44) 1865 843830, fax: ((cid:1)44) 1865 853333, e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support” and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ Elsevier Academic Press 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA http://www.elsevier.com Elsevier Academic Press 84 Theobakl’s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK http://www.elsevier.com Library of Congress Control Number:2004116779 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-12-465271-9 Printed and bound in Great Britain 05 06 07 08 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page v Contents Contributors vii Preface xi Kenneth H Mayer About the Editors xvii Introduction 1 Chris Beyrer 1 Virology 13 Phyllis J Kanki and Myron E Essex 2 Immunology in the Era of HIV/AIDS 36 Deborah J Anderson 3 Quantitative Science 58 James D Neaton 4 The Public Health Response to HIV/AIDS: What Have We Learned? 90 Mitchell H Katz 5 AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention an d Control 110 Jeffrey D Klausner 6 HIV Treatment Meets Prevention: Antiretroviral Therapy as Prophylaxis 137 Myron S Cohen and Mina C Hosseinipour 7 Challenges in Developing HIV Vaccines 162 Laurence Peiperl and Susan Buchbinder 8 Microbicides 190 Polly F Harrison and Trisha L Lamphear v Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page vi Contents 9 AIDS Behavioral Prevention: Unprecedented Progress and Emerging Challenges 236 Willo Pequegnat 10 The Evolution of Comprehensive AIDS Clinical Care 261 Kenneth H Mayer and Sreekanth K Chaguturu 11 The Ever-changing Face of AIDS: Implications for Patient Care 286 Jennifer Furin, David Walton and Paul Farmer 12 Economics 307 Samuel A Bozzette 13 Expanding Global Access to ARVs: The Challenges of Prices and Patents 324 Michael R Reich and Priya Bery 14 The African Experience 351 Salim S Abdool Karim 15 Asia: Health Meets Human Rights 374 Chris Beyrer, N Kumarasamy and H F Pizer 16 How HIV/AIDS Changed Gay Life in America: And What Others Can Learn from Our Experience 398 John-Manuel Andriote 17 Drug Use 424 Patricia Case and Steffanie A Strathdee 18 Management of HIV/AIDS in Correctional Settings 449 Frederick L Altice and Sandra A Springer 19 Medical Ethics and the Law 488 Zita Lazzarini and Jonathan E Von Kohorn Index 511 vi Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page vii Contributors Frederick L Altice Associate Professor and Director of Clinical Research, AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA Deborah Anderson Professor, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA John-Manuel Andriote Washington, DC, USA Priya Bery Director of Policy & Research, Global Business Coalition on HIV/AIDS, New York, USA Chris Beyrer Director, Fogarty AIDS International Training & Research Program, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA Samuel A Bozzette Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA Susan Buchbinder Director, HIV Research Section, San Francisco Department of Health, San Francisco, USA Patricia Case Program in Urban Health, Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Sreekanth K Chaguturu Resident in Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Myron S Cohen Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Bioinformatics Building, Chapel Hill, USA vii Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page viii Contributors Myron E Essex AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA Paul Farmer Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Social Medicine & Health Inequalities, Boston, USA Jennifer Furin Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Division of Social Medicine & Health Inequalities, Boston, USA Polly F Harrison Director, Alliance for Microbicide Development, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA Mina C Hosseinipour Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Phyllis J Kanki Director, AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA Salim S Abdool Karim Deputy Vice Chancellor, University of Natal, South Africa Mitchell H Katz Director, San Francisco Public Health Department, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA Jeffrey D Klausner San Francisco Department of Health, San Francisco, USA N Kumarasamy Chief Medical Officer, YRG Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Principal Investigator-ACTU/HPTN052-Chennai site, Voluntary Health Services, Tharamani, India Trisha L Lamphear The Alliance for Microbicide Development, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA Zita Lazzarini Director, Division of Medical Humanities, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA Kenneth H Mayer Professor of Medicine and Community Health, Brown University/Miriam Hospital, Providence, USA; Fenway Community Health viii Prelims.qxd 12/8/04 10:07 AM Page ix Contributors James D Neaton Professor of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA Laurence Peiperl Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA Willo Pequegnat Associate Director, Structural and International HIV/STD Prevention Programs, Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA H F Pizer Founder and Principal, Health Care Strategies, Harvard Street, Cambridge, MA, USA Michael R Reich Harvard University Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, USA Sandra A Springer Clinical Instructor, AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA Steffanie A Strathdee Division of International Health and Cross-Cultural Medicine, Department of Family Health Sciences, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, USA Jonathan E Von Kohorn Halloran & Sage LLP, Westport, USA David Walton Partners In Health, Boston, USA ix
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