The Administrative History of Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area, Ohio U.S. Department of the Interior, 1992

572 Pages·1992·154 MB·English

by  Department of the Interior

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The,Ad ministrative History of Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area,O hio
Ron Cockrell “ ‘quae
National Park Service COMPLETED
1992
Cover artwork by Volunteer In Park Robert L. Tubbesing and layout by William S. Harlow
A Green Shrouded Miracle:
The Administrative History of
Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area, Ohio
by
Ron Cockrell
Senior Research Historian
National Park Service
United States Department of the Interior
Midwest Regional Office
Office of Planning and Resource Preservation
Cultural Resources Management
Omaha 1992
Via VA hf O-A- AL
ded: 4 Date
John P. Debo, Jr., Superintendent
Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area
* Dand A) Crype— hh
Concurred:
David N. Given, Associate Regional Director
Planning rceW Preservaetion, Misdwest
3-S$- 92
Approved: —— Date
Don H. Castleberry
Regional Director, Midwest 2
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Cuyahoga Valley LOCATION MAP
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Figure 1: | Location map, Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area
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DEDICATION
To all of the people mentioned within these pages who have helped
shape the course of the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area,
a haven to preserve and enjoy..f.o r all people and all time.
Welcome LO
Cuyahoga
Valley
National Recreation
Figure2 Entrance sign for Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area
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Figure 3: ‘Vicinity map, Cuyahoga VollanN ational Recreation Area
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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The Cuyahoga bu:!t the industrial empire of greater Cleveland. Today,
the valley containing this rivi2r exists as a green shrouded miracle caught between
the spreading suburbs of Akron and Cleveland. Cletahe rCuyalhogya ,Vall ey
with its significant natural, historical, aid recreation qualities is one of the most
strategically located resources in reach of urban America. It is as valuablaen d
needed as the Gateway National Recreation Area in New York Harbor or the
Golden Gate National Recreation Area in San Francisco.
Theodore R. McCann, 1973
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
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Document Approval Sheet -- i
Dedication -- iii
Tabof lConeten ts - y
Liofs Fitgur es - xi
List of Abbreviations — xv
Preface and Acknowledgements -- ixx
Chapter 1: A Brief History of the Cuyahoga Valley
** Natural History of the Cuyahoga Valley -- 01
** Prehistory, Indian Settlement, and Euro-American Contact -- 02
** The Western Reserve -- 05
** Ohio & Erie Canal and the Railroad -- 07
** Development of Northeast Ohio and the Cuyahoga Valiey -- 09
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Chapter 2: Preservation and Recreation Come to the Cuyahoga Valley
** Cleveland MetropoPlarik tDiastnri ct -- 12
** Akron MetropoPlarik tDiastnri ct -- 14
** Activities of the Civilian ConservatiCoornp s -- 19
** Other Groups Come to the Valley - 21
Chapter 3: Building Momentum to Preserve the Cuyahoga Valley
** The Threat of Development- 25
** Interest of the Lake Erie Watershed Conservation Foundation -- 31
** Citizen Pressure: CuyaValhleyo Asgsociaati on -- 34
** Formation of the Cuyahoga Valley Park Federation -- 39
Chapter4 : Ohio's Reaction to the Proposed Federal Park
** Tri-County Regional Planning Commission -- 45
** Ohio Deparof tNatmurael Rnesoturc es -- 51
** Land Acquiin sthei Cutyahiogao Vnall ey -- 56
Chapter 5: Uncle Sam's View of the Cuyahoga Valley Park
** SecrUdaell Vtisiats rthe yVal ley - 61
** "Parks to the People" and the Two Gateways -- 65
** Bureau of Outdoor Recreation -- 71
** NatiPoarnk aSerlvic e -- 77
Chapter 6: The Legislative Process
** The 1971 Bill Comes to Naught -- 91
** John SeiberTrlieis nAggai n, 1973 -- 95
** House and Senate Committee Hearings -- 99
** Passofa H.gR. e70 77 -- 102
** PresForid'sd Vaeil nDectisi on -- 105
Chapter 7: History of Boundary Changes
** Public Law 94-578: October 21, 1976 -- 113
** Public Law 95-625: November 10, 1978 - 118
** Public Law 99-606: November 6, 1986 -~- 121
** 1987 Boundary Amendment -- 125
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Chapter8 : Traonf Stsate fof eOhior La nds
** Virginia Kendall Park - 127
** The Ohio & Erie Canal - 130
** Other State Lands — 133
Chapter9 : History of the Land AcquisitPrioogrnam
** Land AcquisiFtunidiongn - 135
** Dissatisfwaitch ttiheo Un. S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1975-77 -- 139
** National Park Service Assumes Conirol - 142
** Assistance from the Trust for Public Land - 154
Chapte1r0 : Relawitth itheo Conmmusni ty
** Zoning Concerns and Other Matters -- 157
** Cuyahoga Valley Communities Council (CVCC) -- 163
** The MetropPoarlk iDitstraicnts - 167
Chapter 11: The "Sagebrush Rebellion" Spreads to Ohio
** Cuyahoga Valley Homeaond Rwesindentes Arssocsiati on -- 171
** The "Counter Campaign" - 185
Chapter12 : PartI : Managing the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation
Area
** WilliamC . Birdsell, Keyman and Project Manager -- 189
** Superintendency of William C. Birdsell, 1975-1989 -- 192
** Superintendency of Lewis S. Albert, 1y80-1987 -- 201
** The Advisory Commission - 211
** Special Management Regulations -- 214
Chapter 13: Part II: Managing the Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation
Area
“A Management Mosaic -- 221
** Volunteers In Parks and Private Sector Involvement -- 230
** External Affairs: Affiliated Areas and Oversight Responsibilities -- 233
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|X
Chapter14 : Planning for the National Recreation Area
** General Management Plan - 237
** Other Planning Documents - 246
** Planning Partner: CVNRA Advisory Commission -- 251
** Planning Partners: CuyaValhley oAssgociaatio n/
CuyVaallehy Poark gFedearat ion -- 254
Chapter15 : The Development Program
** The AppropriatioGanmse : Feaands Fatmi ne - 259
** History ofD evelopmPeronjetct s —- 263
Chapter 16: Division of Maintenance
** An Overview -— 273
** Youth Employment Programs ~- 278
Chapter 17: Division of Technical Assistance and Professional Services
** An Overview — 289
** Cultural Resources Management: Archeology -- 293
** Cultural Resources Management: Historic Preservation -- 300
Chapter 18: Division of Administrative Services
**An Overview — 311
Chapter 19: Division of Interpretation and Visitor Services
** An Overview -- 323
** Outdoor RecreatPiroogrna m -- 331
** Urban Outreach Program -~ 332
** Special Populations Program -- 333
** Environmental Education Program -- 333
** Cultural Arts and Special Events Programs -- 336
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