The accuracy and velocity of serving in female tennis players following strength training

108 Pages·2016·0.83 MB·English

by  Stephen J. Wazenski

Ithaca College
Digital Commons @ IC
Ithaca College Theses
1992
The accuracy and velocity of serving in female
tennis players following strength training
Stephen J. Wazenski
Ithaca College
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Wazenski, Stephen J., "The accuracy and velocity of serving in female tennis players following strength training" (1992).Ithaca College
Theses.Paper 295.
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THE ACCURACY AND VELOCITY OF SERVING IN FEMALE TENNIS
PLAYERS FOLLOWING STRENGTH TRAttNING
by
Stephen J. Wazenski
An Abstract
of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillrnent
of the reguirements for the degree of
Master of Science in the Division
of Health, Physical Education,
and Recreation at
Ithaca CoIlege
December L992
Thesis Advisor: Dr. G. A. Sforzo
ABSTRACT
Strength training programs are conmonly held to be
beneficial to athletic performance and are often
prescribed for this purpose. Athletes competing in
power events (e.9., sprinting) are confident their
performance will be enhanced with improved strength,
however, those involved in more complex motor skilIs
(e.g., tennis) sometimes question the value of such
training. The purpose of this investigation was to
determine the effects of a 6-week isotonic strength
training program on the accuracy and velocity of the
serve in a group of varsity caliber, college-aged
female tennis players. Eighteen subjects were randomly
assigned to either a resistance trained (RT, n=10) or
con-trol (C, n=8) group. The RT training program
involved five sport specific, isotonic, upper body
exercises using free weights. Each exercise was
performed for three sets at about 7oz of 1- Repetition
Maximum (RM), three times per week and intensity
was
adjusted progressively during the training period.
Appropriate flexibility exercises v/ere also
incorporated into the training sessions. pretraining
testing consisted of an accuracy test and placement
test (American Alliance for Health, physical Education,
Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) ) that examined ability
to serve a tennis ball into a designated hitting area.
Serve velocity measurements were taken using a radar
gun.
Flexibility, strength, and a 30 s power test were
used to assess the effectiveness of the training
protocol. Posttrai.ning testing was identical to
pretraining. Multivariate mixed model analyses
demonstrated a significant (p<.05) interaction and time
maj-n effect for. strength and flexibility measures
indicating a successful training'program.
A
significant difference was noted for placement (p:.OOe)
and accuracy (p:.002), displaying improvements in the
RT. These findings arso dernonstrated that vetocity of
the tennis serve was unaffected by successfur strength
and flexibility training, however, the test used
may
have been an invalid measurement of serve velocity.
serve accuracy, a measure that simurtaneously considers
both power and placement, hdy wetl be the parameter
most responsible for successful performance, and as
this study demonstrated, enhancement of this important
variable may be acquired through a successful
resi-stance training program. Considering the low
subject size (n=L8) and the measurement validity of
serve velocity in the present investigation, it is
recommended that future attention be given to the study
of these variables.
THE ACCURACY AND VELOCttTY OF SERVttNG IN FEMALE TENNIS
PLAYERS FOLLOWINC STRENGTH TRAINING
A Thesis presented to the Faculty of
the Division of Health, Physical
Education, and Recreation at
Ithaca CoIlege
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
Master of Science
by
Stephen J. Wazenski
December 1,992
Ithaca College
Division of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation
Ithaca, New York
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
MASTER OF SCIENCE THESttS
,
This is to certify that the Master of Science Thesis of
Stephen J. Wazenski
submitted in partial fulfillment of the reguirements
for the degree of Master of Science in the Division
of Health, Physical -Education, and Recreation at Ithaca
CoIIege has been Approved.
Thesis Advisor:
Committee Member:
Candidate:
Chairperson, Graduate
Programs in Physical
Education:
Dean of Graduate Studies:
Date:
DEDICATION
This thes■ s ■s dedicated to my parents′ caro■
Wazenski and the memory of Frank Wazenski′ for the■ r
nspiration to pursue my educational goals.
■
●■０■
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The investi-gatorwould like to recognJ-ze the
followj-ng people for their help and support:
l-. Dr. Gary A. Sforzo for his unending support and
guidance on this thesis endeavor.
2. Dr. Beth G. McManis for her professional
statistical skill on this thesis project.
3. The students of Ithaca College
who
.graduate
aided the researcher a great deal in data collection.
3. Azj-z Kornel for his support and wilLingness for
allowing his athletes to participate in this study.
4. The Ithaca College Womens Tennis Team for their
positive attitudes and dedication to this study.
5. The tennis players who participated as subjects,.
for their ti-me and effort.
■■■
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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Chapter
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Scope of the Problem 3
Statement of the Problem 4
The NuII Hypothesis. 4
Assumptions of the Study 5
Definition of
Terms 5
Delinitations of the Study 6
Linitations of the Study 7
2。 REVIEW OF LITERATURE. . 9
Methods of Strength Training ■0
Strength and Power Performance ■4
Strength and Motor Skil1s. . ■7
Summary. 23
.
3. METHODS AND PROCEDURES. 25
Subject Selection. 25
.
Testing Procedures 25
■V
Chapter Page
Exercise Sessions 26
Muscle Function Measures. 29
.
Skill Measurements . 30
Treatment of Data. . 33
4。 ANALYSIS OF DATA. 35
Description of Subjects. . 35
Analysis for Serving Accuracy. 36
.
Analysis for Serving Placernent 38
Analysis for Serving Velocity.
4■
Analysis for Flexibility 43
Analysis of 1 RM Strength Tests. . 46
Analysis of Power Tests. . 52
5. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 57
Strength Response
to Resistance Training. . 57
Tennis Serve Accuracy & Placement Response
to Resistance Training. . 6L
Tennis Serve Velocity Response
to Resistance Training. . 54
Summary. . 67
V