The Abel Prize 2013-2017 PDF
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Helge Holden · Ragni Piene Editors The Abel Prize 2013 –2017 The Abel Prize 2013–2017 NielsHenrikAbel1802–1829 TheonlycontemporaryportraitofAbel,paintedbyJohanGørbitzin1826 ©Matematiskinstitutt,UniversitetetiOslo Helge Holden (cid:129) Ragni Piene Editors The Abel Prize 2013–2017 123 Editors HelgeHolden RagniPiene DepartmentofMathematicalSciences DepartmentofMathematics NTNUNorwegianUniversityofScience UniversityofOslo andTechnology Oslo,Norway Trondheim,Norway PhotoofPierreDeligneonparttitlepagebyHeikoJunge/NTBScanpix PhotoofPierreDeligneonfirstpageofhisCurriculumVitaebyCliffMooreInstitutefor AdvancedStudy PhotoofYakovG.SinaionparttitlepagebyHåkonMosvoldLarsen/NTBScanpix PhotoofYakovG.SinaionfirstpageofhisCurriculumVitaebyHaraldHanche-Olsen PhotoofJohnF.NashandLouisNirenbergonparttitlepagebyBeritRoald/NTBScanpix. PhotoofLouisNirenbergonthefirstpageofhisCurriculumVitaebyHaraldHanche-Olsen PhotoofSirAndrewJ.WilesonparttitlepagebyAudunBraastad. PhotoofSirAndrewJ.WilesonfirstpageofhisCurriculumVitaebyHaraldHanche-Olsen PhotoofYvesMeyeronparttitlepagebyThomasBrun/NTBScanpix. PhotoofYvesMeyeronthefirstpageofhisCurriculumVitaebyHaraldHanche-Olsen Additionalmaterialtothisbookcanbedownloadedfromhttp://extras.springer.com. ISSN2661-829X ISSN2661-8303 (electronic) TheAbelPrize ISBN978-3-319-99027-9 ISBN978-3-319-99028-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99028-6 MathematicsSubjectClassification(2010):00-XX ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019 FirstSteps(pp.555)ispublishedwithkindpermissionof©AndrewWiles.AllRightsReserved. Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Auresteilmeparaitquesil’onveutfairedesprogresdanslesmathematiquesil fautétudierlesmaitresetnonpaslesecoliers. NielsHenrikAbel† †“Finally,itappearstomethatifonewantstomakeprogressinmathematics,oneshouldstudy themasters,nottheirstudents.”In:“MemoiresdeMathématiquesparN.H.Abel”,Paris,August 9, 1826, in the margin of p. 79. Original (Ms.fol. 351 A) in The National Library of Norway. Reprintedwithpermission. Preface Thisbookconstitutesthethirdvolume1inaseriesontheAbelLaureates,covering theperiod2013–2017. We keep the same structure as that of the previous volumes. There is one chapterperyear.EachchapterstartswiththefullcitationfromtheAbelCommittee, followed by an autobiographical piece by the laureate. Then comes an article on the scientific accomplishments of the laureate. In the first chapter, L. Illusie writes on Pierre Deligne, while in the second chapter, the team, C. Boldrighini, L.Bunimovich,F.Cellarosi,B.Gurevich,K.Khanin,D.Li,Y.Pesin,N.Simányi, andD.Szász, led byK.Khanin,presentstheworkofYakovG. Sinai.Inthe third chapter,C.DeLelliswritesontheworkofJohnNash,Jr.andR.Kohnonthework of Louis Nirenberg.The work of Andrew Wiles is presented by C. Skinnerin the fourthchapter,andinthelastchapter,A.CohenwritesontheworkofYvesMeyer. Tragically,JohnNash,Jr.andhiswifeAliciadiedinanautomobileaccidenton their way home to Princeton after the Abel Prize events in Oslo. Nash had prior to the Abel ceremonyagreed to write his autobiographicalpiece, but this was not to be. Sylvia Nasar, the authorof the bestselling biography2 of JohnNash, kindly volunteered to write a brief biographyfor this volume. In addition, we reproduce with the kind permission of the Nobel Foundation, the short autobiography that Nashwroteontheoccasionofreceiving,in1994,TheSverigesRiksbankPrizein EconomicSciencesinMemoryofAlfredNobel. Eachchaptercontainsacompletebibliographyandacurriculumvitae,aswellas photos—oldandnew. The last chapteris meantto give,througha collection of photos,an idea of all theactivitiesthattakeplaceinconnectionwiththeAbelPrize,especiallythosethat involvechildrenandyouth.ForintheStatutesoftheprizeitsays: 1H.Holden,R.Piene(eds.):TheAbelPrize2003–2007.TheFirstFiveYears,Springer,Heidelberg, 2010,andH.Holden,R.Piene(eds.):TheAbelPrize2008–2012,Springer,Heidelberg,2014. 2S.Nasar:ABeautifulMind,SimonandSchuster,NewYork,1998. vii viii Preface ThemainobjectiveoftheAbelPrizeistorecognizepioneeringscientificachievementsin mathematics.ThePrizeshallalsohelpboostthestatusofthefieldofmathematicsinsociety andstimulatechildrenandyouthtobecomeinterestedinmathematics. Theseotheractivitiesthusincludemathematicscompetitions—theNielsHenrik AbelcompetitionforhighschoolstudentsandtheUngeAbel(previouslyKappAbel) competition for class teams of elementary school pupils—and the Bernt Michael Holmboe Memorial Prize, an annual prize awarded in connection with the Abel Prize ceremony,to a teacher or a groupof teachers, who have done extraordinary effortsinmathematicsteachinginNorway. The AbelBoardalso supportsannualinternationalconferences,the AbelSym- posia. It also supportsmathematicsin the developingworld, by a yearly donation totheInternationalMathematicalUnion.ThisincludedsupportfortheRamanujan Prizeintheyears2005–2012,and,from2013on,theAbelVisitingScholarprogram administeredbyIMU’sCommissionforDevelopingCountries. The back matter contains updates regarding publications and curriculum vitae foralllaureates,aswellasthefullprizecitationsfortheyears2003–2012.Finally, welistthemembersoftheAbelCommitteeandtheAbelBoardforthisperiod. The annual interview of the Abel Laureates, aired on Norwegian national TV, canbestreamedfromtheSpringerwebsite.Transcriptsoftheinterviewshavebeen published,andpublicationdetailscanbefoundinthebackmatter. Wewouldliketoexpressourgratitudetothelaureatesforcollaboratingwithus onthisproject,especiallyforprovidingtheautobiographicalpiecesandthephotos. Wewouldliketothankthemathematicianswhoagreedtowriteaboutthescientific workofthelaureates,andthusarehelpingusinmakingthelaureates’workknown toabroaderaudience. Thanks go Marius Thaule for his LATEX expertise and the preparation of the bibliographiesaswellascopyeditingthemanuscripts. ThetechnicalpreparationofthemanuscriptwasfinancedbytheAbelBoard. Trondheim,Norway HelgeHolden Oslo,Norway RagniPiene June6,2018 Contents PartI 2013PierreDeligne MathematicalAutobiography................................................... 3 PierreDeligne PierreDeligne:APoetofArithmeticGeometry.............................. 13 LucIllusie ListofPublicationsforPierreR.Deligne ..................................... 153 CurriculumVitaeforPierreR.Deligne ....................................... 163 PartII 2014YakovG.Sinai Autobiography.................................................................... 169 Ya.G.Sinai Sinai’sDynamicalSystemPerspective on MathematicalFluid Dynamics.......................................................................... 175 CarloBoldrighiniandDongLi Billiards ........................................................................... 195 LeonidBunimovich Ya.G.Sinai’sWorkonNumberTheory ....................................... 207 F.Cellarosi EntropyTheoryofDynamicalSystems........................................ 221 B.Gurevich MathematicalPhysics............................................................ 243 KonstantinKhanin ix x Contents Sinai’sWorkonMarkovPartitionsandSRBMeasures..................... 257 YakovPesin Further Developmentsof Sinai’s Ideas: The Boltzmann–Sinai Hypothesis ........................................................................ 287 NándorSimányi MarkovApproximationsandStatisticalPropertiesofBilliards............ 299 DomokosSzász ListofPublicationsforYakovG.Sinai........................................ 321 CurriculumVitaeforYakovGrigorevichSinai............................... 345 PartIII 2015JohnF.Nash,Jr.andLouisNirenberg Autobiography.................................................................... 351 JohnForbesNash JohnNash,HisLife.............................................................. 357 SylviaNasar Autobiography.................................................................... 379 LouisNirenberg TheMasterpiecesofJohnForbesNashJr..................................... 391 CamilloDeLellis AFewofLouisNirenberg’sManyContributionstotheTheoryof PartialDifferentialEquations .................................................. 501 RobertV.Kohn ListofPublicationsforJohnForbesNash,Jr................................. 529 ListofPublicationsforLouisNirenberg ...................................... 533 CurriculumVitaeforJohnForbesNash,Jr................................... 547 CurriculumVitaeforLouisNirenberg ........................................ 549 PartIV 2016SirAndrewJ.Wiles FirstSteps......................................................................... 555 AndrewWiles TheMathematicalWorksofAndrewWiles................................... 561 ChristopherSkinner ListofPublicationsforSirAndrewJ.Wiles.................................. 623 CurriculumVitaeforSirAndrewJohnWiles,KBE,FRS .................. 627
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