The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident: How and Why It Happened PDF
Preview The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident: How and Why It Happened
The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident Related titles FukushimaAccident:RadioactivityImpactontheEnvironment (ISBN978-0-12408-132-1) Radioactive waste management and contaminated site clean-up: Processes, technologies andinternationalexperience (ISBN978-0-85709-435-3) Handbookofsmallmodularnuclearreactors (ISBN978-0-85709-851-1) Managingnuclearprojects:Acomprehensivemanagementresource (ISBN978-0-85709-591-6) Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy: Number 73 The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Accident How and Why it Happened Yotaro Hatamura, Seiji Abe, Masao Fuchigami and Naoto Kasahara Kenji Iino Translated by AMSTERDAM(cid:129)BOSTON(cid:129)CAMBRIDGE (cid:129)HEIDELBERG LONDON (cid:129)NEWYORK(cid:129)OXFORD(cid:129)PARIS(cid:129)SANDIEGO SANFRANCISCO(cid:129)SINGAPORE(cid:129)SYDNEY(cid:129)TOKYO Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier WoodheadPublishingisanimprintofElsevier 80HighStreet,Sawston,Cambridge,CB223HJ,UK 225WymanStreet,Waltham,MA02451,USA LangfordLane,Kidlington,OX51GB,UK Copyright©2015ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved. 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BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014952343 ISBN978-0-08-100118-9(print) ISBN978-0-08-100132-5(online) ForinformationonallWoodheadPublishingpublications visitourwebsiteathttp://store.elsevier.com TypesetbySPiGlobal www.spi-global.com PrintedandboundintheUnitedKingdom List of authors S. Abe Kansai University, Osaka, Japan M. Fuchigami KomatsuLtd, Tokyo, Japan Y.Hatamura HatamuraInstitutefortheAdvancementofTechnology,Tokyo,Japan N. 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Translated by KenjiIino Introduction On March 11, 2011, The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred, and the tsunami waves it induced triggered an unprecedented accident at the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)-owned Fukushima-1 (Daiichi) Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). Threeandahalfyearshavealreadypassedsincethen.Greateffortsbythoseinvolved with recovery have placed the reactors in cold shutdown; however, the problems of contaminatedwater,over130,000evacuees(160,000immediatelyaftertheaccident) still kept outof their homes,and decontamination still continue. On May 24, 2011, the Cabinet Council decided to establish the Investigation CommitteeontheAccidentattheFukushimaNuclearPowerStations.Itsassignment was,forFukushima-1andFukushima-2,to“conductmulti-facetedresearchandverifi- cationtoidentifythecausefromaneutralstandpointofthepeopleofJapanandpropose policies to stop the damages from escalating and prevent similar accidents from repeating[1].”NaotoKan,thePrimeMinisteratthetime,appointedoneoftheauthors ofthisbook,YotaroHatamura,tochairthecommittee.SeijiAbeandMasaoFuchigami wereappointedbyHatamuratoserveastechnicalconsultantstothecommittee. After its first meeting on June 7, 2011, the committee visited the sites of Fukushima-1 and -2 NPPs for inspection and interviewed a total of 772 people: the PrimeMinisterandothersfromthecentralgovernment,headsofaffectedlocalgov- ernments,residentsandevacueesofthearea,andothers.Thecommitteepublishedits InterimReportonDecember26,2011[1],andtheFinalReportonJuly23,2012[2]. After a public presentation in Fukushima prefecture, the Cabinet Council dissolved the committee. TheInterimandFinalReports(Englishversionsavailablefromwww.cas.go.jp/jp/ seisaku/icanps/eng/)arepreciserecordsoftheinvestigationintothefactsoftheacci- dent.Thetwo-volumereportsamounttoabout1,500pagesoftextandfiguresandare about8cmthick.Itwillbeextremelydifficultforthegeneralpublictoreadthrough the pages tounderstand what the investigationclarified.Thefacts inthe reportsare likepotatoesandradishesdugfromthegroundandpiledatthestorefrontofagrocery store.Potatoesandradishesneedtobecookedtotastegood.Inaddition,wewillnot enjoytheirflavorsunlessweconsumethem.Wecannotunderstandthissituationifwe arejustgiventherawmaterial,andunlesswecanunderstandthefacts,wewillnever learn anything fromthis accident,which causedgreatsacrifices. InJuneof2011,whenthecommitteestarted,Imadeanannouncementthat,asthe chairofthecommittee,mypolicywastoexplainwhathappenedinthecourseofthe FukushimaNPPaccident,andwhyithappened,soeveryonecouldacquirethatinfor- mationasknowledge.Inotherwords,Isetthegoaltoanswerthequestionsofthepeo- ple of Japan and of the world. The committee, however, primarily due to time
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