Table Of Content

Textbook of ORTHODONTICS This page intentionally left blank Textbook of ORTHODONTICS SRIDHAR PREMKUMAR bds mds Professor Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Head Department of Pediatric Dentistry Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital Chennai INDIA Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd. Registered Office: 818, 8th floor, Indraprakash Building, 21, Barakhamba Road, New Delhi-110 001 Corporate Office: 14th Floor, Building No. 10B, DLF Cyber City, Phase II, Gurgaon-122 002, Haryana, India Textbook of Orthodontics, Sridhar Premkumar Copyright © 2015, by Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved. ISBN: 978-81-312-4035-9 e-Book ISBN: 978-81-312-4036-6 No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. 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Sr Project Manager—Education Solutions: Shabina Nasim Content Strategist: Nimisha Goswami Managing Editor: Anand K Jha Project Manager: Prasad Subramanian Project Coordinator: Isha Bali Sr Operations Manager: Sunil Kumar Sr Production Executive: Ravinder Sharma Sr Cover Designer: Milind Majgaonkar Laser typeset by GW India Printed in India by Dedication In loving memory of Dr TM Graber, the Godfather of orthodontics whose name means everything in orthodontics to me In honor of my mentor to whom I am indebted, Dr MR Balasubramanian, who strived to bring the better out of me In gratitude to my postgraduate teacher to whom I am grateful, Dr S Rangacharri, who pushed me for academic excellence v This page intentionally left blank Contributors Badrinath MDS Poornima R Jnaneshwar MDS Reader Reader Department of Orthodontics Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dental Sciences SRM Dental College Sri Ramachandra University Ramapuram, Chennai Porur, Chennai Sangeetha Duraiswamy MDS Balashanmugam B MDS Associate Professor Professor Department of Orthodontics Department of Orthodontics SRM Dental College Tamil Nadu Government Dental College Ramapuram, Chennai Chennai Thailavathy V MDS Krishnaraj Rajaram MDS Senior Lecturer Professor Department of Orthodontics Department of Orthodontics SRM Dental College SRM Dental College Ramapuram, Chennai Ramapuram, Chennai Umarevathy Gopalakrishnan MDS Meera Sravankumar MDS Reader Reader Department of Orthodontics Department of Orthodontics Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital SRM Dental College Thalambur, Chennai Ramapuram, Chennai Poornachitra BDS Dental Surgeon Private Practice Chennai vii This page intentionally left blank Preface Another book on orthodontics? I am sure this is going to extensively. A new chapter ‘Synopsis of Treatment Plan- be the first thought in the mind of the reader. As knowl- ning for Different Malocclusions’ had been included to edge and technology changes, so will our technique. enable easy revision for exam preparations. There is no finish line. Robert Schuller once said, “We go As orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics con- from peak to peek.” We must climb to the top of the tinue to progress in various dimensions, it becomes the peak of the mountain before we can see or peek at the duty of every student, teacher and clinician to update peaks of all other mountains out there. The art and themselves by preserving their curious learning spirit. science of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics is This book aims to behold its first position in any dentist’s very complex. It had taken inexplicable evolution in preference and I wish every one of the readers to use treatment philosophy and methodology over many gen- this book judiciously and gain knowledge for crafts- erations put forth by various pioneers in orthodontics to manship. attain the present degree of success in professional ex- I had a diverse readership in mind while writing pertise. This book differs from competing textbooks by this book. Clearly, my primary readership is students, trying to uniquely combine different powerful elements: followed by practitioners and researchers in orthodon- a critical pedagogy integrated with comprehensive text, tics. As anyone who has a professional or academic the use of authentic clinical situations and the inclusion interest in orthodontics will be aware, the field is a of the most essential basic concepts in Orthodontics ev- constantly changing, multidisciplinary one that draws ery student must know. on developments in and insights from medicine, and This text uses the simple-to-complex approach in other fields of dentistry. For this reason, I have tried teaching students clinical calculations and is, therefore, to make the reader aware of those multidisciplinary divided into various sections in a sequential manner and influences. chapters are organized based on it. The sections Growth Through this column I would like to place my thanks and Development; Physiology of Stomatognathic Sys- to all the students and faculty for the encouragement tem; Diagnostic Procedures, Aids and their Interpreta- they had given to me in my writing endeavor. The den- tion; Tooth Movement Principles and Philosophy; Cor- tal faculties and budding dentists are welcomed to com- rective Appliances; Treatment Approach to Management municate their queries and feedbacks to my email id: of Malocclusions had been expanded further into many [email protected]. chapters with addition of new accepted innovations and facts. Space Gaining Procedures had been discussed Sridhar Premkumar ix