Textbook of Natural Medicine PDF
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Edited by Joseph E. Pizzorno, ND Editor in Chief Integrative Medicine: A Clinician’s Journal Eagan, Minnesota; President Emeritus Bastyr University Kenmore, Washington; Chair Science Board Bioclinical Naturals Burnaby, British Columbia Michael T. Murray, ND Director of Product Development and Education Natural Factors Nutritional Products, Inc. Everett, Washington; President Dr. Murray Natural Living, Inc. Paradise Valley, Arizona 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043 TEXTBOOK OF NATURAL MEDICINE, FOURTH EDITION ISBN: 978-1-4377-2333-5 Copyright © 2013 by Churchill Livingstone, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Copyright © 2006, 1999, 1993 by Elsevier Ltd. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our under- standing, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data or Control Number (in STL) Textbook of natural medicine / edited by Joseph E. Pizzorno, Michael T. Murray.–4th ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4377-2333-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) I. Pizzorno, Joseph E. II. Murray, Michael T. [DNLM: 1. Naturopathy. WB 935] 615.5’35–dc23 2012019245 Content Strategist: Claire Wilson Content Development Specialist: Joe Gramlich Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson Senior Project Manager: Mary Pohlman Designer: Jessica Williams Printed in United States of America Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Dr. John Bastyr and all the natural healers of the past and future who bring the “healing power of nature” to all the people of the world. Dr. Bastyr, the namesake for Bastyr University, exemplified the ideal physician/healer/teacher we endeavor to become in our professional lives. We pass on a few of his words of wisdom to all who strive to provide the best of health care and healing: “Always touch your patients—let them know you care,” and “Always read at least one research article or learn a new remedy before you retire at night.” (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:10)(cid:6)(cid:4)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:4)(cid:13)(cid:11)(cid:8)(cid:14)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:6)(cid:17)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:11)(cid:18) Contributors Kathy Abascal, BS, JD, RH(AHG) Bob G. Blasdel, BS Vashon, Washington Graduate Teaching Associate Department of Microbiology Yaser Abdelhamid, ND, LAc, MS, BS, BA The Ohio State University President Columbus, Ohio; Integrative Natural Health Strategies, LLC Graduate Research Associate Westlake, Ohio Laboratory of Phage Biology The Evergreen State College Zemphira Alavidze, PhD Olympia, Washington The Eliava Institute Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia Peter B. Bongiorno, ND, LAc Tbilisi State Medical University Central Clinic Co-Director Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia InnerSourceHealth New York, New York Jason Allen, ND, MPH Clinical Research Assistant Professor Dennis N. Bourdette, MD, FAAN Bastyr University Chairman and Roy and Eulalia Swank Family Research Kenmore, Washington; Professor Staff Physician, Seattle Integrative Medicine Department of Neurology PhD Student (Toxicology), University of Washington Oregon Health & Science University Seattle, Washington Portland, Oregon Lise Alschuler, ND, FABNO Rachelle S. Bradley, ND Vice President of Quality and Education Naturopathic Physician Emerson Ecologics Heartland Naturopathic Clinic Bedford, New Hampshire; Omaha, Nebraska Independent Practitioner Naturopathic Specialists J. Alexander Bralley, PhD Scottsdale, Arizona CEO Metametrix, Inc. Steve Austin, ND Clinical Laboratory Division Columnist Duluth, Georgia Emerson Ecologics Update Emerson Ecologics Kate Broderick, JD, ND, LAc Bedford, New Hampshire Owner Evolution Natural Medicine Jeff Baker, ND, DHANP, CCH Seattle, Washington Homeopathic Family Practice Makawao, Hawaii Carlo Calabrese, ND, MPH Executive Director Peter W. Bennett, ND, RAc Naturopathic Physicians Research Institute Naturopathic Physician Portland, Oregon Meditrine Naturopathic Medical Clinic Langley, British Columbia, Canada; Alan Christianson, ND Adjunct Faculty Private Practice Boucher Institute of Naturopathic Medicine Integrative Health New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada Scottsdale, Arizona Anthony J. Cichoke, Jr., MA, DC, DACBN, PhD Author, Researcher, and Lecturer Fellow of the International Association for the Study of Pain Medizinische-Enzym-Forschungsgesellschaft (Medical Enzyme Research Society) Portland, Oregon vii viii Contributors George W. Cody, JD, MA Leo Galland, MD, FACP, FACN Consultant Director Capital Projects and Land Use Foundation for Integrated Medicine Natural Medicine HPI New York, New York Kenmore, Washington Susan A. Gaylord, PhD Kevin L. Conroy, ND Associate Professor, Department of Physical Medicine Owner and Rehabilitation Port Angeles Natural Health PLLC Director, Program on Integrative Medicine Port Angeles, Washington University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina Walter J. Crinnion, BS, ND Professor and Chair Andrea Girman, MD, MPH Environmental Medicine Director of Medical Education Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine Genova Diagnostics Tempe, Arizona Asheville, North Carolina T. Michael Culp, MA, NMD Alan Goldhamer, DC Director and Chief Medical Officer Director The Natural Health & Wellness Centre, Ltd. TrueNorth Health Center London, England Santa Rosa, California Peter J. D’Adamo, ND, MIFHI Mark D. Groven, ND Distinguished Professor, Clinical Sciences Director Physical Rehabilitation Center of Excellence in Generative Medicine Physical Medicine University of Bridgeport Graham Rehabilitation and Wellness Center Bridgeport, Connecticut Seattle, Washington Zora DeGrandpre, MS, ND Patrick Hanaway, MD Hazel Dell Natural Health Clinic Chief Medical Officer Vancouver, Washington Genova Diagnostics; Co-founder and Owner Rhonda Dorren, BScPharm Family to Family Calgary, Alberta, Canada Asheville, North Carolina Mark Dreher, PhD Heidi Hascall, MA President and Chief Scientific Officer Program Administrator and Senior Research Associate Nutrition Science Solutions, LLC Health Policy Research Northwest Wimberley, Texas Eugene, Oregon John R. Endres, ND Jason Hawrelak, ND, BNat(Hons), PhD Chief Scientific Officer Goulds Naturopathica AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia Puyallup, Washington Leah Hechtman, M Sci Med (RHHG), BHSc Geovanni Espinosa, ND, LAc (Naturopathy), ND Director Director, The Natural Health and Fertility Centre; Integrative Urology Center President, National Herbalists Association of Australia New York Langone Medical Center (NHAA); New York, New York PhD Candidate: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology Cathryn M. Flanagan, ND Faculty of Medicine Naturopathic Physician University of Sydney Natural Family Health Care Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Old Saybrook, Connecticut Stephen Helms, NMD Alan R. Gaby, MD Salt Lake City and Park City, Utah Author and Lecturer Concord, New Hampshire Wendy Hodsdon, ND Portland Alternative Medicine, LLC Adjunct Faculty National College of Natural Medicine Portland, Oregon Contributors ix Tori Hudson, ND Kelly Jennings, ND, MSOM, LAc Clinical Professor Private Practice National College of Natural Medicine Urban Wellness Group, LLC Portland, Oregon; Portland, Oregon Clinical Professor Bastyr University Seattle, Washington; Herb Joiner-Bey, ND Medical Director Nutrition Instructor A Woman’s Time; Seattle School of Homepathy Program Director Edmonds, Washington; Institute of Women’s Health and Integrative Medicine Medical Science Consultant Portland, Oregon Barlean’s Organic Oils Ferndale, Washington Corene Humphreys, BHSc, ND, DipMedHerb, Dip Hom Director and Owner David S. Jones, MD, FABFP Medical Research and Development President and Director of Medical Education Nutritional Medicine Ltd.; Institute for Functional Medicine Faculty Gig Harbor, Oregon Wellpark College of Natural Therapies; Member Tina Kaczor, ND, FABNO Naturopaths of New Zealand Inc. Senior Medical Editor Auckland, New Zealand; Natural Medicine Journal; Member Owner/Clinician Institute of Functional Medicine Clinic of Natural Medicine Gig Harbor, Washington; Eugene, Oregon Member Natural Health Council (NZ) Inc. Parris M. Kidd, BSc, PhD Auckland, New Zealand Biomedical Consultant PMK Biomedical Aimee Huyck, ND, PT El Cerrito, California Private Practice Mountlake Terrace, Washington; Richard Kitaeff, MA, ND, DiplAc, LAc Adjunct Faculty Director Bastyr University New Health Medical Center Kenmore, Washington Edmonds, Washington; Acupuncture Pain Specialist Tim Irving, DC, MS, LMT Northwest Hospital Faculty Seattle, Washington; Physical Medicine Department; Clinical Affiliate Faculty Curriculum Coordinator Bastyr University Nutrition Department Kenmore, Washington National College of Natural Medicine; Owner Thomas A. Kruzel, BA, MT, ND Optimum Function Medical Director Portland, Oregon Rockwood Natural Medicine Clinic Scottsdale, Arizona Mary James, ND Senior Health Educator Sarah J. Kuhl, MD Medical Education Physician–Scientist VA Northern California and Contra Genova Diagnostics Costa Regional Medical Center Asheville, North Carolina; Martinez, California Research Fellow Optimal Health & Prevention Research Foundation Elizabeth Kutter, PhD San Diego, California; Professor Emeritas Senior Editor Lab of Phage Biology Alternative Medicine Review The Evergreen State College Dover, Idaho Olympia, Washington Andrew Lange, ND Naturopathic Medicine Boulder, Colorado x Contributors Rick Liva, RPh, ND Gaetano Morello, BSc, ND Managing Physician Private Practice The Connecticut Center for Health Naturopathic Medicine Middletown, Connecticut; Complement Health Care Director of Quality and Chief Medical Officer West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Vital Nutrients Scientific Advisory Board Middletown, Connecticut Scientific and Educational Affairs Schwabe North America Pina LoGiudice, ND, LAc Green Bay, Wisconsin Co-Director InnerSource Health Gerard Mullin, MD Huntington, New York Associate Professor of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Richard S. Lord, BS, PhD Baltimore, Maryland Chief Science Officer Clinical Laboratory Division Stephen P. Myers, ND, BMed, PhD Metametrix, Inc. Professor Duluth, Georgia; NatMed-Research Professor, Clinical Biochemistry Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster Nutrition Institute School of Health and Human Sciences University of Bridgeport Southern Cross University Bridgeport, Connecticut Lismore, New South Wales, Australia John C. Lowe, MA, DC Paul J. Nicolai, ND Director of Research Portland, Oregon Fibromyalgia Research Foundation Juno Beach, Florida Mark H. Nolting, ND, LAc, DiplAc, DNBAO Senior Medical Director CAM Michael Lyon, BSc, MD Healthways Adjunct Professor Sterling, Virginia Food, Nutrition and Health Program University of British Columbia Melissa Palmer, MD Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Clinical Professor of Medicine Hepatology Douglas “Duffy” Mackay, ND New York University Vice President New York, New York; Scientific and Regulatory Affairs Director of Hepatology Council for Responsible Nutrition New York University Hepatology Associates Washington, DC New York University Plainview, New York Robert M. Martinez, DC, ND Private Practice Cristiana Paul, MS Nutrition Kirkland, Washington Independent Consultant: nutrition researcher, formulator, writer, clinician L. Charles Masur, MD Los Angeles, California Scientific Support Physician Scientific Support Department Lara Pizzorno, MDiv, MA, LMT Doctor’s Data Inc. Senior Medical Writer, Editor, and Researcher St. Charles, Illinois Integrative Medicine Consultants, LLC Seattle, Washington; Steven C. Milkis, ND Editor Clinical Faculty Longevity Medicine Review School of Naturopathic Medicine Petaluma, California; Bastyr University Senior Medical Editor Seattle, Washington Salugenecists, Inc. Seattle, Washington Laurie K. Mischley, ND Clinical Research Assistant Professor Dirk Powell, BS, ND Bastyr University Research Institute Adjunct Professor Kenmore, Washington; Naturopathic Medicine Physician, Naturopathic Neurology Bastyr University Seattle Integrative Medicine Bothell, Washington Seattle, Washington Contributors xi David Quig, PhD Lynne Shinto, ND, MPH Vice President Associate Professor Scientific Support Neurology Doctor’s Data, Inc. Oregon Health & Science University St. Charles, Illinois Portland, Oregon Sheila Quinn Barbara Siminovich-Blok, ND, LAc Freelance Medical Writing and Editing Services Health Services Manager Gig Harbor, Washington Physician and Acupuncturist North American Pharmacal Irfan Qureshi, ND Wilton, Connecticut Chief Regulatory Officer Vitamin Research Products Pamela Snider, ND Carson City, Nevada; Executive and Senior Editor Vice President Foundations of Naturopathic Medicine Project VMN Research North Bend, Washington; Enumclaw, Washington Associate Professor National College of Natural Medicine Ronald G. Reichert, BA, ND Portland, Oregon; Director of Scientific Affairs Adjunct Professor Canadian Centre for Functional Medicine Bastyr University Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada Seattle, Washington Paul Reilly, ND, LAc, FABNO Virender Sodhi, MD, ND National Director of Naturopathic Medicine Private Practice Cancer Treatment Centers of America Ayurvedic and Naturopathic Medical Clinic Renton, Washington Bellevue, Washington; Faculty Corey Resnick, ND School of Naturopathic Medicine President Bastyr University Integrative Health & Nutrition, Inc. Kenmore, Washington Lake Oswego, Oregon; Medical Advisory Board Nick Soloway, LMT, DC, LAc Integrative Therapeutics, Inc. Helena, Montana Green Bay, Wisconsin Nancy Sudak, MD Sally J. Rockwell, CCN, PhD American Board of Integrative Holistic Medicine Owner Duluth, Minnesota Diet Design Shoreline, Washington Jade Teta, ND, CSCS Owner and Founder Robert A. Ronzio, PhD Metabolic Effect Inc. Emeritus Certified Nutrition Specialist Winston-Salem, North Carolina Executive Director, Insight Learning Institute Austin, Texas Keoni Teta, ND, LAc, CSCS Co-Owner and Founder Sam Russo, ND, LAc The Naturopathic Health Clinic of North Carolina; Private Practice Co-Owner and Founder Vermont Naturopathic Clinic Metabolic Effect South Burlington, Vermont Winston-Salem, North Carolina Angela Sadlon, ND Sherry Torkos, BScPharm Tahoma Clinic Pharmacist and Author Renton, Washington Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada Trevor K. Salloum, BA, ND Jessica Tran, ND Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada Private Practice Wellness Integrative Alexander G. Schauss, PhD, FACN Irvine, California Senior Director of Research Natural and Medicinal Products Research AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc. Puyallup, Washington
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