Textbook of female urology and urogynecology

1196 Pages·2010·45.134 MB·English

by  Staskin, David, Cardozo, Linda

Textbook of Female Urology and Urogynecology C
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Third edition
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Editors in Chief
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Linda Cardozo MD, FRCOG a
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Professor of Urogynaecology, King’s College Hospital, London, UK k
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and n Textbook of
David R Staskin, MD
Director, Female Urology and Male Voiding Dysfunction, St. Elizabeth’s
Medical Center and Associate Professor of Urology, Tufts University
Volume 1
School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Female Urology
Featuring contributions by an international team of the world’s experts
in urology and gynecology, this third edition reinforces its status as the
standard reference work on female urology and urogynecology and an a T
and Urogynecology
essential clinical textbook in the field. n e
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The sections have now been revised to cover:
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• Background Issues U b
• Patient Reported Outcome Measures and Health Economics
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• Basic Science: Structure and Function of the Lower Urinary and
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Anorectal Tracts in Women
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• Diagnostic Evaluation of Incontinence and Urogenital Prolapse
Third Edition
• Non Surgical Treatment of Incontinence Prolapse and Related y o
Conditions n
f
• Associated Disorders e
F
• Surgery for Urinary Incontinence c
e
• Surgery for Urogenital Prolapse o
m
• Laparoscopy and Robotics l
o
• Complex Problems
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g
The previous edition was awarded Best New Edition of an Edited l
Medical Book by the Society of Authors and the Royal Society of y e Section Editors
Medicine in their 2006 book awards.
U
Dudley Robinson
r
Cornelius J Kelleher
o
Jacek L Mostwin
l
o
Sender Herschorn
g
Eric Rovner Editors-in-Chief
y
Philip Toozs-Hobson

Roger R Dmochowski Linda Cardozo
Peter K Sand
Anthony RB Smith David Staskin
Victor Nitti
Third
Edition
Telephone House, 69-77 Paul Street, London EC2A 4LQ, UK
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
www.informahealthcare.com ISBN 9781841846927
Textbook of Female Urology
and Urogynecology
Third Edition
Volume 1
Editors-in-Chief
Linda Cardozo ,
MD FRCOG
Professor of Urogynaecology,
King’s College Hospital,
London, U.K.
and
David R Staskin
MD
Director, Female Urology and Male Voiding Dysfunction,
St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Associate Professor of Urology,
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
First published in 2001 by Isis Medical Media Ltd, United Kingdom
This edition published in 2010 by Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69-77 Paul Street, London EC2A 4LQ, UK.
Simultaneously published in the USA by Informa Healthcare, 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, 7th floor, New York, NY 10017, USA.
© 2010 Informa UK Ltd, except as otherwise indicated.
No claim to original U.S. Government works.
Reprinted material is quoted with permission. Although every effort has been made to ensure that all owners of copyright material have been acknowl-
edged in this publication, we would be glad to acknowledge in subsequent reprints or editions any omissions brought to our attention.
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Contents
List of Contributors vii 13 Patient Reported Outcome Questionnaires
Foreword xiii to Assess Health Related Quality of Life
Preface xiv and Symptom Impact 96
Cornelius J Kelleher
VOLUME ONE 14 PRO Questionnaires to Screen and Measure
Satisfaction, Expectations, and Goal Achievement 114
SECTION 1: BACKGROUND ISSUES
Zoe S Kopp , Christopher J Evans, and Linda P Brubaker
Section Editor: Dudley Robinson
15 Questionnaires to Assess Sexual Function 125
1 History of Urogynecology and Female Urology 1 Claudine Domoney and Tara Symonds
Jane A Schulz , Harold P Drutz , and Jack R Robertson
16 Questionnaires to Assess Bowel Function 133
2 Epidemiology: U.S.A. 8 Anton Emmanuel and Dave Chatoor
Scott E Kalinowski, Benjamin J Girdler,
17 International Consultation on Incontinence
and Ananias C Diokno
Modular Questionnaire (ICIQ) 138
3 Epidemiology: South America 16 Nikki Cotterill and Paul Abrams
Paulo Palma , Miriam Dambros , and Fabio Lorenzetti
18 Questionnaires to Assess Pelvic Organ Prolapse 146
4 Epidemiology: Europe 21 Vanja Sikirica and Mark Slack
Ian Milsom
19 Economic Aspects of Urinary Incontinence 153
5 Epidemiology: Australia 27 Kate H Moore
Richard J Millard and Dudley Robinson
SECTION 3: BASIC SCIENCE: STRUCTURE
6 Epidemiology: Asia 37
AND FUNCTION OF THE LOWER
SS Vasan and Reena S Yalaburgi URINARY AND ANORECTAL
7 Epidemiology of Incontinence in Africa 48 TRACTS IN WOMEN
Peter de Jong and Stephen Jeffery Section Editor: Jacek Mostwin
8 Tackling the Stigma of Incontinence: Promoting 20 Anatomy 162
Continence Worldwide 52 John OL DeLancey
Diane K Newman 21 Embryology of the Female Urogenital System
9 Natural History and Prevention of Urinary and Clinical Applications 172
Incontinence and Urogenital Prolapse 57 Sarah M Lambert and Stephen A Zderic
Ruben Trochez and Robert M Freeman 22 Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
10 Medical Error and Patient Safety in Surgery 68 for the Female Genitourinary System 185
Roxane Gardner Anthony Atala
11 Patient Safety in the Operating Room 79 23 Physiology of Micturition 200
Michael L Stitely and Robert B Gherman Naoki Yoshimura and Michael B Chancellor
24 Pharmacology of the Bladder 212
SECTION 2: INTRODUCTION: THE ROLE OF PATIENT
Karl-Erik Andersson
REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES
AND HEALTH ECONOMICS 25 Classification of Lower Urinary Tract
Section Editor: Cornelius J Kelleher Dysfunction in the Female Patient 227
David R Staskin and Alan J Wein
Section Introduction: The Role of Patient
Reported Outcome Measures and SECTION 4: DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Health Economics 86 OF INCONTINENCE AND
Cornelius J Kelleher UROGENITAL PROLAPSE
Section Editor: Sender Herschorn
12 Patient Reported Outcomes: From Development
to Utilization 88 26 History and Examination 235
Karin Coyne and Chris Sexton Vik Khullar and Demetri C Panayi
iii
contents
27 Voiding Diary 244 45 Pessaries and Devices: Nonsurgical Treatment of
Matthew Parsons Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Stress Urinary
Incontinence 457
28 Pad Tests 250
Catherine S Bradley
Marie-Andrée Harvey
46 Catheters; Pads and Pants; Appliances 464
29 Uroflowmetry 257
Lynette E Franklin
Matthias Oelke and Jean-Jacques Wyndaele
30 Cystometry 267 SECTION 6: ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
Hashim Hashim and Paul Abrams Section Editor: Philip Toozs-Hobson
31 Pressure–Flow Plot in the Evaluation of Female 47 The Overactive Bladder 477
Incontinence and Postoperative Obstruction 276 Rob Jones and Marcus Drake
Rashel Haverkorn , Jason Gilleran and Philippe Zimmern
48 Neurologic Disorders 485
32 Tests of Urethral Function 290 Ricardo R Gonzalez , David W Goldfarb , Renuka Tyagi ,
Ahmet Bedestani , Christopher J Chermansky , and Alexis E Te
Mohamed Ghafar , and J Christian Winters
49 Non-Neurogenic Voiding Dysfunction
33 Clinical Neurophysiologic Testing 305 and Urinary Retention 498
David B Vodušek and Clare J Fowler Bernard T Haylen
34 Videourodynamics 320 50 Pathophysiological Mechanisms
Sender Herschorn and Blayne Welk of Chronic Pelvic Pain 511
Ursula Wesselmann
35 Ambulatory Urodynamics 335
Stefano Salvatore , Vik Khullar , and Linda Cardozo 51 Painful Bladder Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis 518
Edward J Stanford and Candice Hinote
36 Imaging of the Upper and Lower Urinary Tract
(Radiology and Ultrasound) 345 52 Lower Urinary Tract Infections—Simple
Andrea Tubaro , Kirsten Kluivers , and Antonio Carbone and Complex 530
James Gray and Dudley Robinson
37 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
and the Female Pelvic Floor 365 53 Vaginitis 544
Lennox Hoyte James Gray and Andrew Hextall
38 Endoscopy 377 54 Pregnancy and Childbirth and the Effect
Lesley Carr and Geoffrey W Cundiff on the Pelvic Floor 554
C harlotte Chaliha
SECTION 5: NONSURGICAL TREATMENT 55 Problems Associated with Sexual Activity 567
OF INCONTINENCE, PROLAPSE,
Swati Jha
AND RELATED CONDITIONS
56 The Menopause 576
Section Editor: Eric Rovner
Timothy C Hillard
39 The Role of the Continence Nurse 388
57 Sports and Fitness Activities 589
Angie Rantell
Jeanette Haslam , Kari Bø , and Philip Toozs-Hobson
40 Behavioral Therapies and Management
of Urinary Incontinence in Women 398 58 Anal Incontinence 595
Kathryn L Burgio Tony Mak and Simon Radley
41 Physiotherapy for Urinary Incontinence 405 59 Constipation 604
Bary Berghmans Nadia Ali-Ross and Anthony RB Smith
42 Drug Treatment of Voiding Dysfunction 60 Female Sexual Dysfunction 619
in Women 418 Irwin Goldstein
Ariana L Smith and Alan J Wein
VOLUME TWO
43 Peripheral Neuromodulation 447
John Heesakkers and Michael van Balken SECTION 7: SURGERY FOR URINARY
INCONTINENCE
44 Sacral Neuromodulation in the Treatment
Section Editor: Roger R Dmochowski
of Female Overactive Bladder Syndrome
and Non-obstructive Urinary Retention 452 61 How and Why Incontinence Surgery Works 635
JLH Ruud Bosch Jerry G Blaivas , Matthew P Rutman, and Rhonda Walsh
iv
contents
62 Peri- and Postoperative Care 645 78 Rectocele—Anatomic and Functional Repair 799
Sushma Srikrishna and Linda Cardozo Apurva B Pancholy , William A Silva ,
and Mickey M Karram
63 Traditional Surgery and Other Historical
Procedures for Stress Incontinence 652 79 Vaginal Approach to Fixation of Vaginal Apex 813
Malcolm Lucas May Alarab and Harold P Drutz
64 Retropubic Urethropexy 676 80 Abdominal Approach to Supporting
Dudley Robinson and Linda Cardozo the Vaginal Apex 824
Aimee Nguyen , Sylvia Botros, and Peter K Sand
65 Fascial Slings 687
Alex Gomelsky 81 Prolapse of the Uterus: Epidemiology
and Treatments 829
66 Retropubic Tension-Free Vaginal Tape
Roger P Goldberg
Procedures for Treatment of Female
Urinary Stress Incontinence 693 82 Biological Grafts in Pelvic Surgery 839
Carl Gustaf Nilsson Manhan Vu and Peter K Sand
67 Transobturator Slings 700 83 Mesh Complications in Prolapse Surgery 846
Alex Gomelsky and Roger R Dmochowski Stergios K Doumouchtsis and Michelle M Fynes
68 Single Incision Slings 708 84 Episiotomy and Perineal Repair 855
Apurva B Pancholy and Mickey M Karram Ranee Thakar and Christine Kettle
69 Readjustable Slings: Safyre and Remeex 713 85 Primary Repair of Obstetric Anal
Paulo Palma and Cassio Riccetto Sphincter Injuries 863
Abdul H Sultan
70 Urethral Injection Therapy for Stress
Urinary Incontinence 723 86 Surgery for Fecal Incontinence 871
W Stuart Reynolds and Roger R Dmochowski Klaus E Matzel and Manuel Besendörfer
71 Nonsurgical Transurethral Radiofrequency 87 Combined Genital and Rectal Prolapse 878
Collagen Denaturation of the Bladder Neck Vanessa Banz , Jürg Metzger , and Bernhard Schuessler
and Proximal Urethra for the Treatment
of Stress Urinary Incontinence 734
SECTION 9: LAPAROSCOPY AND ROBOTICS
Saad Juma
Section Editor: Anthony RB Smith
72 The Artificial Urinary Sphincter for Treatment
of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women 741 Section Introduction: The Role of
Laparoscopic Surgery 890
Roger R Dmochowski and David R Staskin
Anthony RB Smith
73 Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstruction
Following Incontinence Surgery—Urethrolysis 88 Pelvic Anatomy Through the Laparoscope 891
and Other Techniques 749 Fiona Reid
Sagar R Shah and Victor W Nitti
89 Laparoscopic Treatment of Pelvic Pain 896
74 Complications of Stress Urinary Christopher Sutton and Richard Dover
Incontinence Surgery 763
90 Laparoscopic Colposuspension 909
Melissa R Kaufman , Harriette M Scarpero ,
Arvind Vashisht and Alfred Cutner
and R oger R Dmochowski
91 Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy 920
SECTION 8: SURGERY FOR UROGENITAL
Marcus P Carey
PROLAPSE
Section Editor: Peter K Sand 92 Other Laparoscopic Support Procedures 929
Rohna Kearney
75 Classification and Epidemiology
of Pelvic Organ Prolapse 771 93 Prevention, Recognition, and Treatment
Steven E Swift of Complications in Laparoscopic
Pelvic Floor Surgery 935
76 Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse 779
Christopher Maher
Mark D Walters
77 Enterocele 789 94 Robotic Surgery 942
Kaven Baessler and Bernhard Schuessler Megan Tarr and Kimberly Kenton
v
contents
SECTION 10 COMPLEX PROBLEMS APPENDICES
Section Editor: Victor W Nitti
I Standardization of Terminology 1075
Dirk De Ridder
95 Urogenital Fistula 951
Michael S Ingber, Sandip P Vasavada, II The Standardization of Terminology of Lower
and Raymond Rackley Urinary Tract Function: Report from
the Standardization Sub-Committee
96 Urogenital Fistulae: Obstetric 960 of International Continence Society 1079
Andrew Browning Paul Abrams, Linda Cardozo, Magnus Fall,
Derek Griffiths, Peter Rosier, Ulf Ulmsten,
97 Urethral Diverticulum and Fistula 971
Philip van Kerrebroeck, Arne Victor, and Alan J Wein
Kenneth C Hsiao , Alvaro Lucioni ,
and Kathleen C Kobashi III An International Urogynaecological Association
(IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS)
98 Electrical Implants and Sacral Joint Report on the Terminology for Female
Neuromodulation for the Treatment Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 1090
of Urinary Incontinence 991
Bernard T Haylen, Dirk De Ridder, Robert M Freeman,
Sandip P Vasavada and Raymond R Rackley Steven E Swift, Bary Berghmans, Joseph Lee, Ash Monga,
Eckhard Petri, Diaa E Rizk, Peter K Sand,
99 Complex Reconstructive Surgery 998
and Gabriel N Schaer
Christopher R Chapple
IV Commentary on the 2009 IUGA/ICS Joint
100 Gynecological Developmental Abnormalities 1023 Report on the Terminology for Female
Melissa C Davies and Sarah M Creighton Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 1106
Rufus Cartwright
101 Pediatric Urogynecology 1032
V The Standardization of Terminology of Female
Jonathan D Kaye , Howard M Snyder ,
and Andrew J Kirsch Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Pelvic
Floor Dysfunction 1113
102 The Effect of Hysterectomy (Simple and Radical) Richard C Bump, Anders Mattiasson, Kari Bø,
on the Lower Urinary Tract 1045 Linda P Brubaker, John OL DeLancey, Peter Klarskov,
C hristopher J ayne and Bianca A Gago Bob L Shull, and Anthony RB Smith
VI Good Urodynamic Practices: Uroflowmetry,
103 Recognition and Management of Urological
Filling Cystometry, and Pressure-Flow Studies 1121
Complications of Gynecological Surgery 1049
Werner Schaefer, Paul Abrams, Limin Liao,
Kevin R Loughlin
Anders Mattiasson, Francesco Pesce, Anders Spangberg,
Arthur M Sterling, Norman R Zinner,
104 Vaginal Rejuvenation and Cosmetic
and Philip van Kerrebroeck
Vaginal Surgery 1056
Robert D Moore and John R Miklos Index 1133
vi
List of Contributors
Paul Abrams Andrew Browning MBBS, MRCOG
Professor, Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, Medical Director, Barhirdar Hamlin Fistula Centre, Barhirdar,
U.K. Ethiopia
May Alarab, MBChB MRCOG, MRCPI, MSc Linda P Brubaker
Assistant Professor, Staff, Division of Urogynecology, Department of Section of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Loyola
Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Mount University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, U.S.A.
Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Richard C Bump
Nadia Ali-Ross Eli Lilly & Co Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Greater
Kathryn L Burgio PhD
Manchester, U.K.
University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham/Atlanta
Karl-Erik Andersson MD, PhD Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of
Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest
University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A.
Antonio Carbone MD
Anthony Atala, MD Department of Urology, First School of Medicine, La Sapienza
University–General Hospital, Terracina, Italy
Department of Urology and Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative
Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,
Linda Cardozo MD, FRCOG
North Carolina, U.S.A.
Professor of Urogynaecology, King’s College Hospital, London, U.K.
Kaven Baessler
Marcus P Carey
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charité Hospital, Berlin,
Urogynaecology, Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria,
Germany
Australia
Michael van Balken
Lesley Carr
Department of Urology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem,
Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario,
The Netherlands
Canada
Vanessa Banz
Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Hospital Rufus Cartwright
Berne, Berne, Switzerland Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith
Hospital, London, U.K.
Ahmet Bedestani MD
Fellow, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Charlotte Chaliha MB BChir, MA MD, MRCOG
Departments of Urology and Gynecology, Louisiana State University Consultant Obsetrician and Gynaecologist, Sub-specialist in
Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. Urogynaecology, Royal London and St Bartholomew’s Hospitals,
London
Bary Berghmans PhD, MSC, RPT
Clinical Epidemiologist, Health Scientist, Pelvic Physiotherapist, Pelvic Michael B Chancellor MD
Care Center Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Center, Clinical Professor and Director of Neurology Program, Oakland
Maastricht, The Netherlands University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak,
Michigan, U.S.A.
Manuel Besendörfer
Section of Coloproctology, Department of Surgery, University of Christopher R Chapple BSC, MD, FRCS (Urol), FEBU
Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany Consultant Urological Surgeon, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Honorary
Senior Lecturer of Urology, University of Sheffield, Visiting Professor of
Jerry G Blaivas MD Urology, Sheffield Hallam University, Adjunct Secretary Responsible for
Clinical Professor of Urology, Weill Medical College of Cornell Education, European Association of Urology
University New York, New York, and Adjunct Professor of Urology,
SUNY Downstate Medical School, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A. Dave Chatoor MBBS, FRCS
Research Fellow in GI Physiology, Gastroenterology, University College
Kari Bø Hospital, London, U.K.
Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo, Norway
Christopher J Chermansky MD
JLH Ruud Bosch MD, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, Section of Female Urology
Professor and Chairman, Department of Urology, University Medical and Voiding Dysfunction, Louisiana State University Health Sciences
Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A.
Sylvia Botros MD, MS Nikki Cotterill
Evanston Continence Center, Division of Urogynecology and Recon- Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, U.K.
structive Pelvic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A. Karin Coyne PhD, MPH
United BioSource Corp, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Catherine S Bradley MD, MSCE
Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Epidemiology, Sarah M Creighton MD, FRCOG
Division Director, Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Consultant Gynaecologist, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson UCL Institute of
University of Iowa Carver, College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.A. Women’s Health, University College Hospitals, London, U.K.
vii
list of contributors
Geoffrey W Cundiff MD, FAOCG, FACS, FRCSC Robert M Freeman
Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Professor in Urogynaecology, Peninsula Medical School,
British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Urogynaecology Unit, Directorate of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, U.K.
Alfred Cutner
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College London Hospitals, Michelle M Fynes MD, MRCOG, DU
London, U.K. Lead Consultant Urogynaecologist and Honorary Senior Lecturer,
Department of Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery and Urogynaecology,
Miriam Dambros St Georges Hospital, and Medical School University of London,
Head of the Geriatric Urology Division, Federal University of São London, U.K.
Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Bianca A Gago MD
Melissa C Davies MD, MRCS Vanguard Urologic Research Foundation, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
Female Urology Fellow, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, U.K.
Roxane Gardner MD, MPH
Peter Dejong Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology,
Gynecology, Groote-Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa Harvard Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. and
John OL DeLancey Center for Medical Simulation, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Pelvic Floor Research Group, Gynecology, University of Michigan
Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. Mohamed Ghafar MD
Fellow, Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery,
Dirk De Ridder MD, PhD, FEBU Departments of Urology and Gynecology, Louisiana State University
Chairman of the ICS Standardisation Committee, Department of Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A.
Urology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Robert B Gherman MD
Ananias C Diokno Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal/Fetal
Department of Urology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Medicine, Prince George’s Hospital Center, Cheverly, Maryland, U.S.A.
Michigan, U.S.A.
Jason Gilleran MD
Roger R Dmochowski MD Urology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus,
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Ohio, U.S.A.
Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A.
Benjamin J Girdler
Claudine Domoney Department of Urology, McKee Medical Center, Loveland, Colorado,
Department of Academic Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea & U.S.A.
Westminster Hospital, London, U.K.
Roger P Goldberg MD, MPH
Stergios K Doumouchtsis Clinical Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of
Department of Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery and Urogynaecology, Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. and
St George’s Hospital, London, U.K. Division of Urogynecology, NorthShore University HealthSystem,
Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A.
Richard Dover
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, David W Goldfarb
New South Wales, Australia Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,
Texas, U.S.A.
Marcus Drake
Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, U.K. Irwin Goldstein MD
Director, Sexual Medicine, Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, California,
Harold P Drutz MD, FRCS(C) Director, San Diego Sexual Medicine, Clinical Professor of Surgery,
Professor and Head, Division of Urogynecology, Department of University of California at San Diego, Editor-in-Chief, The Journal of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Sexual Medicine, San Diego, California, U.S.A.
Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Alex Gomelsky MD
Anton Emmanuel BSC, MD, FRCP Department of Urology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport,
Research Fellow in GI Physiology, University College Hospital, Louisiana, U.S.A.
London, U.K.
Ricardo R Gonzalez
Christopher J Evans PhD, MPH Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Metro
Director of Economics and Outcomes, Mapi Values, Boston, Urology, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
Massachusetts, U.S.A.
James Gray
Magnus Fall Department of Microbiology, Birmingham Women’s Hospital,
Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska University, Göteborg, Sweden Birmingham, U.K.
Clare J Fowler Derek Griffiths
Department of Uro-Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Geriatric Continence Unit, Montefiore Hospital, Pittsburgh,
Neurosurgery, London, U.K. Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Lynette E Franklin MSN, APRN-BC, CWOCN Marie-Andrée Harvey MD, MSC, FRCSC, FACOG
Department of Urology-Bladder and Pelvic Health Program, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and
Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, Department of Urology, Queen’s University, Kingston General Hospital,
South Carolina, U.S.A. Kingston, Ontario, Canada
viii
list of contributors
Hashim Hashim Jonathan D Kaye MD
Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, U.K. Georgia Urology, PA, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department
of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta,
Jeanette Haslam Georgia, U.S.A.
Specialist Physiotherapist in Women’s Health (Retired), Cumbria, U.K.
Rohna Kearney
Rashel Haverkorn
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital,
Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas,
Cambridge, U.K.
Texas, U.S.A.
Bernard T Haylen Cornelius J Kelleher MD, FRCOG
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guy’s and St Thomas’
Department of Gynaecology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst,
Hospital NHS Trust, London, U.K.
New South Wales, Australia
John Heesakkers Kimberly Kenton MD, MS
Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Obstetrics and
Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Urology,
Gynecology and Urology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine,
Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Maywood, Illinois, U.S.A.
Sender Herschorn MD, FRCSC
Division of Urology, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Science Philip van Kerrebroeck
Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Urology, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht,
The Netherlands
Andrew Hextall MD, FRCOG
Consultant Gynaecologist, Department of Urogynaecology, West Christine Kettle
Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, St Albans, U.K. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Staffordshire University,
Stafford, U.K.
Timothy C Hillard DM, FFSRH, FRCOG
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Poole Hospital, Poole, Vik Khullar
Dorset, U.K. Urogynaecology, St Mary’s Hospital, London, U.K.
Candice Hinote MD Andrew J Kirsch MD
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee at Georgia Urology, PA, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department
Memphis, Menphis, Tennessee, U.S.A. of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta,
Georgia, U.S.A.
Lennox Hoyte
Division of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery,
Peter Klarskov
University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, U.S.A.
Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev,
Kenneth C Hsiao MD Denmark
Norcal Urology, Walnut Creek, California, U.S.A.
Kirsten Kluivers MD
Christopher Jayne Department of Gynecology, UMC St Radboud, Nijmegen, The
Urogynecology and Voiding Dysfunction, Rodney A. Appell Center for Netherlands
Continence and Pelvic Health at Vaguard Urologic Institute, Assistant
Professor Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Kathleen C Kobashi MD
Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Co-Director, The Continence Center, Virginia Mason Medical Center,
Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
Michael S Ingber
Center for Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Zoe Kopp
Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Outcomes Research, Pfizer, Inc., New York, New York, U.S.A.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Sarah M Lambert MD
Swati Jha MRCOG Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine,
Department of Urogynaecology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Foundation Trust, Sheffield, U.K.
Joseph Lee
Rob Jones
Department of Urology, Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne,
Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, U.K.
Victoria, Australia
Saad Juma MD, FACS
Limim Liao
Director, Incontinence Research Institute, Encinitas,
Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing,
California, U.S.A.
China
Scott E Kalinowski
Department of Urology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Fabio Lorenzetti MD, PhD
Michigan, U.S.A. Geriatric Urology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil
Mickey M Karram MD
Director, Division of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, Kevin R Loughlin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Good Samaritan Hospital, Division of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical
and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
U.S.A.
Malcolm Lucas MDchM, FRCS
Melissa R Kaufman Consultant Urologist, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, U.K. and
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Honorary Senior Lecturer Swansea University Medical School,
Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. Swansea, U.K.
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