Text, Speech and Dialogue: 12th International Conference, TSD 2009, Pilsen, Czech Republic, September 13-17, 2009. Proceedings

441 Pages·2009·6.558 MB·English

by  Frederick Jelinek (auth.), Václav Matoušek, Pavel Mautner (eds.)

Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 5729
EditedbyR.Goebel,J.Siekmann,andW.Wahlster
Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Václav Matoušek Pavel Mautner (Eds.)
Text, Speech
and Dialogue
12th International Conference, TSD 2009
Pilsen, Czech Republic, September 13-17, 2009
Proceedings
1 3
SeriesEditors
RandyGoebel,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,Canada
JörgSiekmann,UniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany
WolfgangWahlster,DFKIandUniversityofSaarland,Saarbrücken,Germany
VolumeEditors
VáclavMatoušek
PavelMautner
UniversityofWestBohemiaatPilsen
DepartmentofComputerScienceandEngineering
E-mail:{matousek,mautner}@kiv.zcu.cz
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2009933673
CRSubjectClassification(1998):I.2,J.5,H.5.2,I.2.7,I.2.6,H.3
LNCSSublibrary:SL7–ArtificialIntelligence
ISSN 0302-9743
ISBN-10 3-642-04207-4SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
ISBN-13 978-3-642-04207-2SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork
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Preface
TSD2009wasthe12theventintheseriesofInternationalConferencesonText,Speech
andDialoguesupportedbytheInternationalSpeechCommunicationAssociation(ISCA)
andCzech Societyfor Cyberneticsand Informatics(CˇSKI). Thisyear,TSD was held
inPlzenˇ (Pilsen),inthePrimaveraConferenceCenter,duringSeptember13–17,2009
anditwasorganizedbytheUniversityofWest BohemiainPlzenˇ in cooperationwith
MasarykUniversity of Brno, Czech Republic.Like its predecessors,TSD 2009high-
lighted to both the academic and scientific world the importance of text and speech
processinganditsmostrecentbreakthroughsincurrentapplications.Bothexperienced
researchersand professionalsaswell asnewcomersto the textand speechprocessing
field, interested in designingor evaluatinginteractivesoftware, developingnew inter-
actiontechnologies,orinvestigatingoverarchingtheoriesoftextandspeechprocessing
foundintheTSDconferenceaforumtocommunicatewithpeoplesharingsimilarin-
terests. The conference is an interdisciplinary forum, intertwining research in speech
and language processing with its applications in everyday practice. We feel that the
mixtureofdifferentapproachesandapplicationsofferedagreatopportunitytogetac-
quaintedwithcurrentactivitiesinallaspectsoflanguagecommunicationandtowitness
theamazingvitalityofresearchersfromdevelopingcountriestoo.
This year’s conference was partially oriented toward semantic processing, which
waschosenasthemaintopicoftheconference.Allinvitedspeakers(FrederickJelinek,
LouiseGuthrie,RobertoPieraccini,TilmanBecker,andElmarNo¨th)gavelectureson
thenewestresultsintherelativelybroadandstillunexploredareaofsemanticprocessing.
Thisvolumecontainsacollectionofsubmittedpaperspresentedattheconference,
whichwerethoroughlyreviewedbythreemembersof theconferencereviewingteam
consisting of more than 40 top specialists in the conference topic areas. A total of
53 accepted papers out of 112 submitted, altogether contributed by 127 authors and
co-authors, were selected by the Program Committee for presentation at the confer-
ence and for inclusion in this book. Theoreticaland more general contributionswere
presented in common (plenary) sessions. Problem-oriented sessions as well as panel
discussionsthenbroughttogetherspecialistsin limitedproblemareaswith theaim of
exchangingknowledgeandskillsresultingfromresearchprojectsofallkinds.
Wewouldliketogratefullythanktheinvitedspeakersandtheauthorsofthepapers
for their valuable contributions, and the ISCA and CˇSKI for their financial support.
Lastbutnotleast, we wouldlike to expressourgratitudeto the authorsforproviding
their papers on time, to the members of the conference reviewing team and Program
Committee for their careful reviews and paper selection, to the editors for their hard
workpreparingthisvolume,andtothemembersofthelocalOrganizingCommitteefor
theirenthusiasmduringtheconferenceorganization.
June2009 Va´clavMatousˇek
Organization
TSD2009wasorganizedbytheFacultyofAppliedSciences,UniversityofWestBo-
hemiainPlzenˇ (Pilsen),incooperationwiththeFacultyofInformatics,MasarykUni-
versityinBrno,CzechRepublic.TheconferenceWebsiteislocatedat:
http://www.kiv.zcu.cz/tsd2009/ or http://www.tsdconference.org.
Program Committee
FrederickJelinek (USA), GeneralChair
HynekHeˇrmansky´ (Switzerland), ExecutiveChair
EnekoAgirre (Spain)
Genevie`veBaudoin (France)
JanCˇernocky´ (CzechRepublic)
AlexanderGelbukh (Mexico)
LouiseGuthrie (UK)
JanHajicˇ (CzechRepublic)
EvaHajicˇova´ (CzechRepublic)
PatrickHanks (UK)
LudwigHitzenberger (Germany)
JaroslavaHlava´cˇova´ (CzechRepublic)
AlesˇHora´k (CzechRepublic)
EduardHovy (USA)
IvanKopecˇek (CzechRepublic)
StevenKrauwer (TheNetherlands)
SiegfriedKunzmann (Germany)
NatalijaLoukachevitch (Russia)
Va´clavMatousˇek (CzechRepublic)
HermannNey (Germany)
ElmarNo¨th (Germany)
KarelOliva (CzechRepublic)
KarelPala (CzechRepublic)
NikolaPavesˇic´, (Slovenia)
Vladim´ırPetkevicˇ (CzechRepublic)
FabioPianesi (Italy)
RobertoPieraccini (USA)
AdamPrzepiorkowski, (Poland)
JosefPsutka (CzechRepublic)
JamesPustejovsky (USA)
Le´onJ.M.Rothkrantz (TheNetherlands)
MilanRusko (Slovakia)
ErnstGu¨nterSchukat-Talamazzini (Germany)
VIII Organization
PavelSkrelin (Russia)
PavelSmrzˇ (CzechRepublic)
PetrSojka (CzechRepublic)
MarkoTadic´ (Croatia)
Tama´sVaradi (Hungary)
ZygmuntVetulani (Poland)
TarasVintsiuk (Ukraine)
YorickWilks (UK)
VictorZakharov (Russia)
Local OrganizingCommittee
Va´clavMatousˇek (Chair)
KamilEksˇtein
IvanHabernal
JanHejtma´nek
JanaHesova´
MartinHosˇna
JanaKlecˇkova´
MiloslavKonop´ık
JanaKrutisˇova´
PavelMautner
RomanMoucˇek
HelenaPta´cˇkova´ (Secretary)
Toma´sˇPavelka
About Plzenˇ (Pilsen)
TheNewTownofPilsenwasfoundedattheconfluenceoffourrivers–Radbuza,Mzˇe,
U´hlavaandU´slava–followingadecreeissuedbytheCzechking,WenceslasII.Hedid
so in 1295.From the very beginning,the town was a busy trade center located at the
crossroadsoftwoimportanttraderoutes.TheselinkedtheCzechlandswiththeGerman
citiesofNurembergandRegensburg.
Inthefourteenthcentury,PilsenwasthethirdlargesttownafterPragueandKutna
Hora. It comprised 290 houses on an area of 20 ha. Its populationwas 3,000 inhabi-
tants. In the sixteenth century,after several fires that damaged the inner center of the
town,Italianarchitectsandbuilderscontributedsignificantlytothechangingcharacter
ofthecity.ThemostrenownedamongthemwasGiovannideStatia.TheHolyRoman
Emperor,theCzechkingRudolfII,residedinPilsentwicebetween1599and1600.It
wasatthetimeoftheEstatesrevolt.Hefellinlovewiththecityandevenboughttwo
housesneighboringthetownhallandhadthemreconstructedaccordingtohistaste.
Later,in1618,PilsenwasbesiegedandcapturedbyCountMansfeld’sarmy.Many
Baroquestylebuildingsdatingtotheendoftheseventeenthcenturyweredesignedby
Jakub Auguston. Sculptures were made by Kristian Widman. The historical heart of
the city – almostidentical with the originalGothic layout– was declared a protected
historiccityreservein1989.
Pilsen experiencedatremendousgrowthinthefirsthalfofthe nineteenthcentury.
TheCityBrewerywasfoundedin1842andtheSkodaWorksin1859.Withapopulation
of175,038inhabitants,PilsenpridesitselfonbeingtheseatoftheUniversityofWest
BohemiaandBishopric.
The historical core of the city of Pilsen is limited by the line of the former town
fortificationwalls.Thesegaveway,inthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,toagreen
belt of town parks. Entering the grounds of the historical center, you walk through
streets that still respect the original Gothic urban layout, i.e., the unique developed
chessgroundplan.
Youwillcertainlyadmirethearchitectonicdominantfeaturesofthecity.Theseare
mainlytheChurchofSt.Bartholomew,theloftinessofwhichisaccentuatedbyitsslim
church spire. The spire was reconstructed into its modern shape after a fire in 1835,
whenitwashitbyalighteningboltduringanightstorm.
The placementof the church right within the groundsof the city square was also
ratheruniquefor its time. The churchstands to the rightof the city hall. The latter is
aRenaissancebuildingdecoratedwithgraffitiin1908–12.Youwillcertainlyalsonotice
theBaroquespireoftheFranciscanmonastery.
All architecture lovers can also find more hidden jewels, objects appreciated for
theirartisticandhistoricvalue.Theseareburgherhousesbuiltbyourancestorsinthe
stylesoftheGothic,RenaissanceorBaroqueperiods.Thearchitectureofthesesights
wassuccessfullymodeledbytheconstructionwhirloftheendofthenineteenthcentury
andthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.
X About Plzenˇ (Pilsen)
ThankstothegenerosityoftheGothicbuilders,thetownofPilsenwaspredestined
for free architectonic development since its very coming to existence. The town has
thereforebecomeanexampleofaharmoniouscoexistenceofarchitecturebothhistori-
calandhistoricizing.
Sponsoring Institutions
InternationalSpeechCommunicationAssociation (ISCA)
CzechSocietyforCyberneticsandInformatics (CSKI)
Table of Contents
Invited Talks
Code Breaking for Automatic Speech Recognition.................... 1
Frederick Jelinek
The Semantics of Semantics in Language Processing.................. 2
Louise Guthrie
Are We There Yet? Research in Commercial Spoken Dialog Systems.... 3
Roberto Pieraccini, David Suendermann, Krishna Dayanidhi, and
Jackson Liscombe
Semantic Information Processing for Multi-Party Interaction .......... 14
Tilman Becker
Communication Disorders and Speech Technology.................... 15
Elmar No¨th, Stefan Steidl, and Maria Schuster
Text
A Gradual Combination of Features for Building Automatic
Summarisation Systems........................................... 16
Elena Lloret and Manuel Palomar
Combining Text Vector Representations for Information Retrieval...... 24
Maya Carrillo, Chris Eliasmith, and A. Lo´pez-L´opez
Detecting and Correcting Errors in an English Tectogrammatical
Annotation...................................................... 32
V´aclav Klimeˇs
Improving the Clustering of Blogosphere with a Self-term Enriching
Technique....................................................... 40
Fernando Perez-Tellez, David Pinto, John Cardiff, and Paolo Rosso
Advances in Czech – Signed Speech Translation...................... 48
Jakub Kanis and Ludˇek Mu¨ller
Improving Word Alignment Using Alignment of Deep Structures....... 56
David Mareˇcek
Trdlo, an Open Source Tool for Building Transducing Dictionary....... 64
Marek Gra´c
XII Table of Contents
Improving Patient Opinion Mining through Multi-step Classification ... 70
Lei Xia, Anna Lisa Gentile, James Munro, and Jos´e Iria
Update Summarization Based on Latent Semantic Analysis ........... 77
Josef Steinberger and Karel Jeˇzek
WEBSOM Method - Word Categories in Czech Written Documents .... 85
Roman Mouˇcek and Pavel Mautner
Opinion Target Network: A Two-Layer Directed Graph for Opinion
Target Extraction................................................ 93
Yunqing Xia and Boyi Hao
The Czech BroadcastConversationCorpus.......................... 101
J´achym Kola´ˇr and Jan Sˇvec
Vector-Based Unsupervised Word Sense Disambiguation for Large
Number of Contexts.............................................. 109
Gyula Papp
Chinese Pinyin-Text Conversionon Segmented Text.................. 116
Wei Liu and Louise Guthrie
Mining Phrases from Syntactic Analysis ............................ 124
Miloˇs Jakub´ıˇcek, Aleˇs Hor´ak, and Vojtˇech Kov´aˇr
Problems with Pruning in Automatic Creation of Semantic Valence
Dictionary for Polish ............................................. 131
Elz˙bieta Hajnicz
Speech
Disambiguating Tags in Blogs ..................................... 139
Xiance Si and Maosong Sun
Intraclausal Coordination and Clause Detection as a Preprocessing
Step to Dependency Parsing....................................... 147
Domen Marinˇciˇc, Matjaˇz Gams, and Tomaˇz Sˇef
Transcription of Catalan Broadcast Conversation .................... 154
Henrik Schulz, Jos´e A.R. Fonollosa, and David Rybach
An Analysis of the Impact of Ambiguity on Automatic Humour
Recognition ..................................................... 162
Antonio Reyes, Davide Buscaldi, and Paolo Rosso
Objective vs. Subjective Evaluation of Speakers with and without
Complete Dentures............................................... 170
Tino Haderlein, Tobias Bocklet, Andreas Maier, Elmar No¨th,
Christian Knipfer, and Florian Stelzle