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Tennis: Olympic Handbook of Sports Medicine PDF

335 Pages·2002·30.722 MB·English
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Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Tennis http://avaxho.me/blogs/ChrisRedfield IOC Medical Commission Sub-Commission on Publications in the Sport Sciences Howard G. Knuttgen PhD (Co-ordinator) Boston, Massachusetts, USA Francesco Conconi MD Ferrara, Italy Harm Kuipers MD, PhD Maastricht, The Netherlands Per A.F.H. Renstrom MD, PhD Stockholm, Sweden Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Tennis EDITED BY Per A.F.H. Renstrom MD, PM Section of Sports Medicine Department of Surgical Sciences Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Bl ack weI I Science 0 2002 by Blackwell Science Ltd a Blackwell Publishing Company Editorial Offices: Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 OEL, UK "el: +44 (0)18652 06206 Blackwell Science, Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5018, USA Tel: +1 781 388 8250 Blackwell Science Asia Pty, 54 University Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia Tel: +6l (0)3 9347 0300 Blackwell Wissenschafts Verlag, Kurfiirstendarnrn 57. 10707 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 (0)30 32 79 060 The right of the Author to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the IJK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2002 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tennis: handbook of sports medicine and science / edited by Per A.F.H. Renstrom. p. ; cm - [Handbook of sports medicine and science) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-fi32-05034-9 1. Tennis injuries-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Tennis-Physiological aspects-Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Renstrom, Per. 11. Series. (DNLM: 1. Tennis. 2. Athletic Injuries. 3. Sports Medicine. QT 260.5.T3 T311 20021 KC1220. T4 T46 2002 617.1'027'08879634-dc21 2001052783 ISBN 0-ti32-05034-9 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library Set in Melior by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain at the Alden Press Ltd, Oxford and Northampton For further information of Blackwell Science, visit our website: www.blackwell-science.com Contents 11 Specific problems for the young tennis player, 139 W.B en Kibler 12 Pathophysiology of tennis injuries- an overview, 147 W.B en Kibler 13 Foot problems in tennis, 155 Scott A.L ynch and Per A.F.H. Renstrom 14 Ankle problems in tennis, 165 Scott A. Lynch and PerA.F.H. Renstrom List of contributors, vi 15 Lower leg and Achilles tendon problems Forewords by the IOC, viii in tennis, 176 Scott A. Lynch and Per A.F.H. Renstrom Forewords by the ITF, ATP, WTA and STMS, ix 16 Knee injuries in tennis, 186 Preface, xi PerA.F.H. Renstrom and Scott A. Lynch 1 Biomechanics of tennis, 1 17 Spine injuries in tennis, 204 Bruce C. Elliott Hartmut Krahl, Carsten B. Radas, Hans-Gerd 2 The tennis racket, 29 Pieper and Ulf Michaelis Howard Brody 18 Hand and wrist injuries in tennis, 223 3 Shoes and surfaces in tennis: injury and Arthur C. Rettig performance aspects, 39 Karin G.M. Gerritsen, Benno M.N igg and 19 Elbow injuries in tennis, 233 Ian C. Wright Per A.F.H. Renstrom 4 The physiological demands of tennis, 46 20 Shoulder injuries in tennis, 248 Michael F. Bergeron and Joseph Keul David W.A ltchek 5 Nutrition in tennis, 54 21 Rehabilitation principles of injuries in tennis, 262 Michael F. Bergeron W.B en Kibler 6 Playing tennis in the heat: fluid and 22 The psychology of tennis: gaining the mental electrolyte balance, 65 advantage, 278 Michael F. Bergeron Robert S. Weinberg 7 Medical care of tennis players, 75 23 ITF involvement in tennis medicine and Babette Pluim science, 291 Miguel Crespo and Machar Reid 8 Travel and jet lag, 96 Moira O’Brien 24 Medical services in men’s and women’s 9 Strength training, flexibility training and professional tennis, 296 physical conditioning, 103 Per Bastholt, Jurgen Dess, Sue Fleshman, Bill E. Paul Roetert and Todd S. Ellenbecker Norris, Doug Spreen, Alex Stober, Kathleen A. Stroia, Paul Settles and Gary Windler 10 Pre-participation profiling for tennis, 124 E. Paul Roetert and Todd S. Ellenbecker Index, 303 V List of contributors Joseph Keul MD, PhD (Deceased) Medizinische Universitatsklinik, Rehabilitative/Praven tive SportMedizin, Hugstetter Strasse 55,0-79106 Freiburg, Germany w. Ben Kibler MD, FACSM Medical Director, Lexington Sports Medicine Center, 1221 S. Broadway, Lexington, KY 40504, USA Hartmut Krahl MD Professor, Wiirthstrasse 21,81667 Munich, Germany David W. Altchek MD Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA Scott A. Lynch MD Sports Medicine Section, Department of Orthopedics, Penn State University, Per Bastholt RPT F-06140 Vence,F rance HersheyMedical Center, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA Michael F. Bergeron PhD, FACSM Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Ulf Michaelis MD Department of Orthopaedic Georgia Prevention Institute, HS-1640, Augusta, Surgery and Sports Medicine, Alfried Krupp GA 3091 2-371 0, USA Hospital, Alfried-Krupp-Strasse 21,D-45117 Essen, Germany Howard Brody PhD Professor, physics Department, University of Pennsylvania, 209 S. 33rd Street, Benno M.N igg Dr sc. nat. Director, Human Philadelphia, PA 191 04-6396, USA Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Miguel CreSpO PhD International Tennis Federation, Tennis Development Department, Bank Lane, Bill Norris ATC Boca Raton, FL 33498, USA Roehampton, London SW15 5XZ, UK Moira O’Brien MD Professor and Head, Anatomy Jurgen Dess RPT 92318 Neumarkt, Germany Department, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Todd S. Ellenbecker Ms, PT, scs, cscs Dublin 2, Ireland Physiotherapy Associates, Scottsdale Sports Hans-Gerd Pieper MD Department of Orthopaedic Clinic, 9449 N. 90th Street, Suite ZOO, Scottsdale, Surgery and Sports Medicine, Alfried Krupp Hospital, AZ 85258, USA Alfried-Krupp-Strasse 21,0-45117 Essen, Germany c. Bruce Elliott PhD Professor and Head, The Department of Human Movement and Exercise Babette PlUim MD, PhD Koninklijke Nederlandse Science, The University of Western Australia, Lawn Tennis Bond, Sport Medisch Centrum Papendal, Stirling Highway, Crawley 6009, Australia Papendallaan 60,6816 VDA rnhem, The Netherlands Sue Fleshman PT, ATC Sport Sciences and Medicine Carsten 6. Radas MD Department of Out-patient Department, Sanex WTA Tour, 133 First Street NE, Surgery, Orthopaedic Centre, St Josef-Stifi, Westtor 7, St Petersburg, FL 33701, USA 0-48324 Sendenhorst, Germany Karin G.M. Gerritsen MSC, PhD Assistant Professor Machar Reid BSc ITFAssistant Research Officer, in Biomechanics, Department of Exercise Science and International Tennis Federation, Tennis Development Physical Education, Arizona State University, Box Department, Bank Lane, Roehampton, London SW15 870404, Tempe, AZ 85287-0404, USA 5XZ, UK vi LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii Per A.F.H. Renstrom MD,P hD Professor, Section Alex Stober RPT 90459 Nuremberg, Germany of Sports Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Karolinska lnstitutet, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden Kathleen A. Stroia MS, PT, ATC Associate Vice President, Sport Sciences and Medicine Department, c. Arthur Rettig MD Orthopedic Surgeon, Methodist Sanex WTA Tour, 133 First Steet NE, St Petersburg, FL Sports Medicine Center, Thomas A. Brady Clinic, 33701, USA Department of Education and Research, 1815 N. s. Capitol Avenue, Suite 560, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Robert Weinberg PhD Professor and Chair, USA Department of Physical Education, Health and Sport Studies, 109 Phillips Hall, Miami University, Oxford, E. Paul Roetert PhD Director of Administration, USA OH 45056-1 675, USA Tennis High Performance Program, 731 0 Crandon Boulevard, Key Biscayne, FL 33149, USA Gary Windler MD Sports Medicine Services, 321 Middleton Boulevard, Summerville, SG 29485-8027, Paul Settles Director of Player Services, ATP Tennis USA International Headquarters, 201 ATP Tour Boulevard, c. Ponte Vedra Beach, FL 32082, USA Ian Wright MSc Human Peqformance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, The University of Galgary, Doug SpellA TC Terrace Park, OH 451 74, USA Calgary, Alberta, Canada Forewords by the IOC Tracing its beginnings from games played some hundreds of years ago, the sport of tennis underwent major changes during the latter part of the 19th century. During the 20th century, the sport spread internationally and it is currently practised in virtually every country of the world. Success in tennis requires a tremendous amount of physiological variables. These variables are further supplemented by the needs for proper nutrition, hydration, strategy, and being psychologically prepared. Developments in both sports medicine and The sport of tennis was one of the nine sports sports science during the last 50 years have resulted in included for men participating in the Games of the I stronger, faster, better skilled tennis players who are Olympiad as held in Athens in 1896. Men’s tennis utilizing the most efficient and effective equipment appeared in each of the following Olympic Games that the engineers and biomechanists can design. With until the year 1924. Women’s tennis competition in the enhanced challenges and stresses to the human the Olympic Games was introduced in 1900 in Paris body, injury prevention and injury rehabilitation and continued until 1924, with the exception of 1904 have become important issues for sports medicine in St Louis. Because of controversies related to the physicians, health personnel, and coaches. participation of amateur versus professional athletes, Our thanks go to Professor Per Renstrom and the tennis disappeared from the Olympic programme for contributing authors for this Handbook on Tennis over 60 years until its reintroduction in 1988 in Seoul who have collaborated to produce an up-to-date with a completely open competition. and complete coverage for all of the biomechanical, Despite the extended hiatus, tennis must be biological and clinical aspects of tennis play. This recognized as having an important history within publication will prove to be an invaluable reference the Olympic programme. It is, therefore, entirely for everyone involved with the game of tennis. appropriate that this Handbook on the sport of tennis takes its rightful place among the other sports Prince Alexandre de Merode that have already appeared in the IOC Medical Chairman. IOC Medical Commission Commission series of Handbooks of Sports Medicine and Science. My sincere appreciation goes to the Chairman of the IOC Medical Commission, Prince Alexandre de Merode, and to the IOC Medical Commission’s Sub- commission on Publications in the Sport Sciences. Dr Jacques Rogge IOCPresident viii Forewords by the ITF, ATP, six continents in over 50 countries on a variety of playing surfaces-from carpet to hard courts to grass WTA and STMS and clay. Until one considers that the average match lasts 1 112 to 2 hours and may last as long as four; that players may have to compete as many as 5 days in a row, sometimes with two matches a day, before get- ting a day off. Take a look at the teeming activity that is the training room on day one of an ATP tournament and you will have a sense for how physically demand- ing professional tennis can be. Those of us on the ATP Medical Services Com- mittee are increasingly aware of the physical demands Foreword by the International Tennis placed on professional tennis players and the import- Federation ance of providing the highest standards of medical Tennis is a sport for all ages and requires speed, care for them on a tournament-by-tournament basis. dexterity and endurance, especially at the professional Whether you are a player, coach, athletic trainer, level. Tennis is also an intellectual sport that requires physiotherapist, or physician, we hope that this court sense and strategic thinking. At the highest handbook will provide some insight into the most level, the professional tennis player competes nearly common tennis medical problems of professional every week of the year, requiring fitness levels that are tennis players, as well as the preferred treatment very high and an ability to play with consistency on a protocols recommended by ATP Medical Services variety of surfaces at locations around the world. personnel. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) takes pride in its leadership of the Joint Tennis Anti-Doping Paul Settles Programme in conjunction with the ATP and the WTA Director of Player Services Tour. The ITF’s Sports Medical Commission is pro- active in studying all areas that pertain to the overall Foreword by the Women’s Tennis Association health of tennis players. These areas include physiology, nutrition, bio-mechanics, the effect of the evolution of Tennis presents unique challenges with one-on- equipment on players, mental preparation and other one competition, typified by its demand for total specific issues such as jet lag, altitude, heat and humidity athleticism, and necessitating the mental and and the effects of playing tennis at a very young age. physical strength to sustain an eleven month The ITF, the world governing body of tennis, season that spans the globe. welcomes the Handbook on Tennis. This book, with In order to remain in the game and at a high level of contributions from international scientists and experts, competition, professional tennis players must utilize will prove to be a very useful tool, a comprehensive and incorporate the latest trends in sports medicine. guide to sports medicine as it pertains to tennis. The IOC Handbook on Tennis identifies and outlines the steps every elite tennis player must take in order Francesco Ricci Bitti to excel, a daunting but invaluable undertaking. A President, ITF resource has been created that allows the tennis community (coaches, players, physiotherapists, physicians, certified athletic trainers, etc.) to access Foreword by the Association of Tennis and apply the principles of tennis medicine in Professionals the creation and advancement of a successful One doesn’t immediately think of professional tennis professional tennis player. when considering the most physically demanding On behalf of the Sanex WTA Tour and its group of sports. Until, that is, one considers that the professional sports sciences and medicine experts, it is my honor tennis season spans eleven months and is played on to be able to share our pleasure associated with the ix

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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.