Technology for Independent Living

236 Pages·2011·5.24 MB·English

DOCUMENT- RESUME
SE 044.724
ED 247 128,
AUTHOR Redden, Martha Ross, Ed.; Stern, Virginia W., Ed.
TITLE Technology for Independent Living II: Issues in
Technology for Dat.ly 'Living, Education, and
Employment. ProceeBings of the 1981 Workshops on
Science and Technology for the Handicapped.
.INSTITUTION American Association for the Advancement of Science,
Washington, D.C.
SPONS AGENCY National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.
REPORT NO AAAS-83-16; JSBN-87168-264-8
PUB DATE. Dec 83
GRANT - NSF-OPA792`0290
NOTE 233p.; Based upon 'group participation and
presentations given at three regional workshops on,n,
Science and Techhology for the Handicapped, conve*AT.
by the Ameridan Association for the Advancement of
Science (La Jolla, MO; Rochester,.NY;
MN;. 1981).
AVAILABLE FROM Project on the Handicapped in Science, American
Association for the Adirancement of Science, 1776
AassaChusetts Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20036 (limited
ntriber available free of charge).
PUB TYPE Collected Works - Conference. Proceedings, (02 ).)
EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS.
DESCRIPTORS , *Accessibility (for Disabled); Chemistry; Computer.
Oriented Programs; *Daily Living Skills; Design
Requirements; nsisabilitiei; Elementary Secondary
Education; *Employment; Higher Education; Physical
Mobility; Science Education; *Sensory Aids;
*Technology; Visually Handicapped Mobility;
Workshops .
IpENT'IFIERS National Sciende Foundation
`-ABSTRACT.
This book is based upon group participation and
presentations given at three regional workshops on science and
technology for the handicapped. The first workshop focused on issues
in technology for daily living. Papers presented examined sunh areas
as daily living technology for the disabled, psychological'aspects of
rehabilitation engAneering, technology for recreation, and technology'
issues in
for the living environment. The second workshop addressed
technology for,education: Papers presented considered such areas as
low-budget ideas for the visually impaired in science,modifications
of effective teaching of handicapped students, robotic manipulation
aidslin rehabilitation, computer-assisted lipreading for the deaf,
`:.--and closed captioning of motion /film for use on national television
third workshop explored
and for delayedbroadcast.by affiliates. The
issues in technology fOr employment. Papers presented considered such
topics as barrier free office design., factors in choosing technology
for the job site, accessAo the total work environmento and,
innovations in adaptive (equipment and job site modifications. A list
workshops,-workshop goals, and workshop
Of participants for the three
agenclis are included. (JN)
NUA.TSIO. DNEAPLA IRNTSMTIETNUT EO FOFEDEUDCUACTAITOINON
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
CENTER-MR.1C)
!it/
rTehcies ivdeodc ufrmomen th hea pserbseoennWozrp ortrigdia--nJiczaadtiao.n.
LI Morinigoinr acthinagn gIte.rs have been made to improve
reproduction quality.
Points of view or opinionsstated in this docu-
ment do not necessarily repreient
position or policy.
w
"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS
MATERIAL IN MICROFICHE ONLY
HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES
INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."
r
Issues in Techn)ology for Daily Living,
Education, and Employment
OP
Layout and Design by Aleford Owens
Project on the Handicapped in Science
American Association for the Advancement of Science ,
1776 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20036
[phone] Voice/TDD
Proceedings of the 1981 Worloriops on
goience.and Technologypr the Handicapped
La Jolla RocAester Minneal3olis
4
Project on the Handicapped in.Science
.
1
American Association for the Advancement of Science
.
. . . . . . , .
given at three .
group participation and preep_ntations
This book 149 based upon .
and Technology for the Handicapped, con-
regignal workshops on Sgience
Foundation Grant No.
funded by National Science
vened by AAAS in 1981; and,
0PA7920290:
views or policies
do not necessarily reflect the
The contents of this publication
trade names, con-
agency hor does mention of
of the AAAS or of the iiinding
U.S. Govern-
imply endorsement"by the
. mercial products, or organizations
rnent or AAAS.
ISBN 87168-264-8
Number 83-7368
Library of Congress Catalog
AAAS Publications No. 83-16
.
Copyright © 1983 by the
American Association for the Advancement ofScience
NW .
1776 plassachuSetts'Avenue,
Washington, DC 20036
Printed in USA
A
ti
ti
Contents
FOREWORD. .
111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
DESIGN,
Background, 3
Group DiscussiOns and Action Plans
-J
Workshop Programs
La Jolla 18
A
Rochester 21."
Minneapolis 24
PRESENTATIONS 27
1 ISSUES IN TECHNOLOGY FOR DAILY LIVING
,Daily Living-Technology for the Disabled: Can It Be
a Viable Business? '31
Barry. Unger, John Rogers, Vernon Nickel,f Maktin Frank,
James Marsters, george'Chandler
Psychological Aspects of Rehabilitation Engineering 48
i Carolyn L. Vash
An Engineering Department Looks\at Technology. for Disabled
Persons 60
Robert Murphy, DaVid Ussll, Mitch HaPt, Robert CunnIngham
Telhilology for Recreation 73
ester Land, Roy Gash, Marti-Hacker, Marri
Peter Axelson
Technology for the Living Environment 83
Raymond Lif6he2 Larry Leifer, Heidi McHugh,Pesiljeton,
Chery4.Davis
2 ISSUES IN TECHNOLOGY FOR EDUCATION
in Science 95*
Low-Budget Ideas for the Visually'Impaired
Dorothy Tombaugh
Student 101
Modifications of Effective Teaching of Handicapped
Robert S. Menchel
the'Themistry Lab 105
Talking and Voice Entry Computers .for
David Lunney and Robert C. Morrison.
107
Robotic Manipulation Aids in Rehabilitation'
Larry J. ;Leifer
.
. 121,
Disabled EducatorsProject
.Diane Merchant
.-..
'r
Some Guidelines for
Creating Accessible PrograMs:
for
Identifying Needs and Selecting Assistiy6.Devices
127
Handicapped College Studenta ,
.
Roy Nord
, . .
. . CoMputer-Assisted Lipreading T
Irnatienriancgtifvoer' Dtehvei cDea f(,DAVID) 133
,4 Using the Dynamic Audio Video
Donald G. Sims
. I.-
Nos
National Television and for Delayed Broadcast by'Affiliates/ 141
.Robert H. Murray .
152
the Hearing Impaired
' The USe of Speech Displays with
Judith Braeges
3 ISSUES IN TECHNOLOGY FOR EMPLOYMENT -
J59
for the Jbli Site
Considerations in Choosinechnology
Nancy Crewe 1
163
Quadriplegic Farmer
Skid Loader Modifications. for a
Jiri Vasa and Ian Hofford
for a Visually Impaired
The DeVelopmen.of a Workplace
One Case
Information'Specialist:
'Harbert Rvert and Randy Black
4
179.
Barrier Frge Office Design
Jack M. East/
'182
Innovations in Adaptive Equipment and Job. Site0Modificbtions
Don R. Warreli, .
Skills Needed To Meet
EMployment for, Disabled
193
the Needs of ,Employers
Jack R. Clarcq
Co4uter As a Multi -Task Tool by a Vocally
Use of the
200
Impaired Accountant
James R. Carlislb and Raymond Fulford
205
Access to the TotalWork Environment',
Raymond Lifchez.
vi
211
PARTICIPANTS
213
Advisory Committee
215
La Jolla Workshop
219
Rochester Worksh-op
223
Minneapolis Workshop
226
Index to Authors and Presenters
0
A
Foreword .1
This vOlume of selected papers is, the record of a milestone effort in our
society to understand the role of engineering science and technology in the
world of physically disabled individuals. Beyond,data, you will Come to see
that people are the key element at all stages in' the development and delivery
of assistive technology. As we begin to acknowledge that disabled people are,
"expert witnesses" of their own needs, we must also recognize that technology
has no value separate from the people who transform theory and practice into
utilitarian devices. And, beyond individuals, both the technologist and'the
disabled person work within a complex we of social/technical institutions that
must be coordinated for the effective delivery of-rehabilitation technology.
To visualize the interaction betteen physical impairment, medicine and
engineering we may examine The International Classification of Impairments,
Disabilities and Handicaps (WHO Chronical,.Vol. 34, 1980, pp. 376-380) which
defines three keY stages in the evolution of a handicap.
Impairment: any loss or abnormality of.psychological, physiological,
or anatomical structure-or function.
Disability: any restriction or lack of ability resulting from an
'impairment to perform an activity in the manner ox within
the range considered normal.
Handicap: a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an
impairment or a disability, 'that limits or prevents the
fulfillment of a role that is normal (depending in age,
sex, social and_cuLturalefactors) for that individual.
The interaction between these, three'phases in the ddvelopment of .a physical
lhandicap are traced below. It is the primary role of the health care profession
°DISABILITY
medicine. 441-.s\ engineering.
enaineering medicine