Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability. I, Eco Design of Products and Services PDF
Preview Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability. I, Eco Design of Products and Services
Allen H. Hu · Mitsutaka Matsumoto Tsai Chi Kuo · Shana Smith Editors Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability I Eco Design of Products and Services Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability I Allen H. Hu • Mitsutaka Matsumoto Tsai Chi Kuo • Shana Smith Editors Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability I Eco Design of Products and Services Editors Allen H. Hu Mitsutaka Matsumoto National Taipei University of Technology National Institute of Advanced Industrial Taipei Science and Technology (AIST) Taiwan Tsukuba Japan Tsai Chi Kuo Chung Yuan Christian University Shana Smith Taoyuan National Taiwan University Taiwan Taipei Taiwan ISBN 978-981-13-1180-2 ISBN 978-981-13-1181-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1181-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018965414 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. 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The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Contents Part I Emerging Technologies and Sustainability 1 Exchange of Modules Among Robot Manipulators Using Part Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Yuuki Fukumashi, Atsushi Nagasawa, Yoshinori Fukunaga, and Hiroyuki Hiraoka 2 The Framework of the Integration of Carbon Footprint and Blockchain: Using Blockchain as a Carbon Emission Management Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Kun-Hsing Liu, Shih-Fang Chang, Wun-Hui Huang, and I-Ching Lu 3 Bayesian Estimation for the Reuse of Mechanical Parts Using Part Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Yoshinori Fukunaga, Yuuki Fukumashi, Atsushi Nagasawa, and Hiroyuki Hiraoka 4 Turning the CPPS of the World’s Largest Automotive Research Factory ARENA2036 into a Data Gold Mine for Eco-Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Daniel Wehner, Max Hossfeld, and Michael Held 5 Between the User and the Cloud: Assessing the Energy Footprint of the Access Network Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Nils F. Nissen, Lutz Stobbe, Nikolai Richter, Hannes Zedel, and Klaus-Dieter Lang 6 Monitoring Energy Consumption of Individual Equipment in a Workcell Using Augmented Reality Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Nicholas Ho and Chee-Kong Chui v vi Contents 7 An Intelligent Robotic System for Handling and Laser Marking Fruits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Chih-Hsing Liu, Ta-Lun Chen, Tzu-Yang Pai, Chen-Hua Chiu, Wei- Geng Peng, and Chia-Chun Weng Part II Circular Economy 8 Implications of the Circular Economy for Electronic Products . . . . . . 91 Christian Clemm, Nils F. Nissen, Karsten Schischke, Gergana Dimitrova, Max Marwede, and Klaus-Dieter Lang 9 Modeling and Analysis of Material Flow Toward a Better E-Waste Recycling System in Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Mohamad Afnan Haziq and Nozomu Mishima 10 Component Recoverability Analysis in Product Design Using System Dynamic Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Novita Sakundarini, Nur Safieza Riwayat, Christina May May Chin, Eng Hwa Yap, Raja Ariffin Raja Ghazilla, and Salwa Hanim Abdul-Rashid 11 The Effects of Collection Promotions on Resource-Efficient Utilization and Resource Sustainability of Mobile Phone Market: A System Dynamics Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Juntao Wang, Wenhua Li, and Nozomu Mishima 12 Toward a Circular Economy: An Analysis of Innovation in Taiwanese Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Shiang-Ruei Hsu, Guo-Liang Chen, and Tsai-Chi Kuo 13 Policy for Circular Economy: Prestudy for Improved Policy Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Anna Karin Jönbrink, Jenny Sahlin, Åsa Moberg, Karin Wilson, Katja Dvali, and Lena Youhanan 14 Circular Economy in Business Strategy of Manufacturing Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Hidetaka Hayashi, Masatsugu Kitamura, Shin’ya Nagasawa, and Tadatomo Suga Part III Eco-Design, LCA and Footprinting 15 Urban Factories: Identifying Products for Production in Cities . . . . . 185 Christoph Herrmann, Max Juraschek, Sami Kara, and Sebastian Thiede 16 Environmental Impact Assessment of Functional and Visual Design Features of Smartphones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Tsubasa Naito and Nozomu Mishima Contents vii 17 Integration of Sustainability Targets into the Product Creation Process of German Manufacturing Companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Tom Buchert and Rainer Stark 18 Challenges When Including Sustainability Aspects in Product Development at Two Large Manufacturing Companies in Sweden . . . 229 Fredrik Paulson and Erik Sundin 19 Integrating Sustainable Development and Design-Thinking-Based Product Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Rachael K. Gould, Cecilia Bratt, Patricia Lagun Mesquita, and Göran I. Broman 20 Constructed Wetlands as an Environmental Friendly System for Wastewater Treatment in Al Akhawayn University . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Abdelghani El Asli and Hala Ghali 21 Proposal of the Index of Environmental Burden and Health Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 Yasuko Watanabe, Yuna Seo, and Kiyoshi Dowaki 22 How to Create a Business-Relevant LCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Xiaobo Chen and Jacquette Lee 23 An Approach for Establishing Eco-Product Value Indicators . . . . . . . 299 Chen-Fu Chen Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 Part I Emerging Technologies and Sustainability Chapter 1 Exchange of Modules Among Robot Manipulators Using Part Agents Yuuki Fukumashi, Atsushi Nagasawa, Yoshinori Fukunaga, and Hiroyuki Hiraoka 1.1 Introduction Currently, in order to solve environmental problems, a transition is required to a recycling-oriented society with smaller burden on the environment. However, among the 3Rs promoted to achieve a recycling-oriented society, reuse, in spite of its greater effect on the environment than recycling, has not been widely spread [1]. The reason for this is the difficulty for the user to know the level of deterioration in the function and performance of a reused product and its remaining lifetime, which disturbs dissemination of the reuse. To promote the reuse of parts, it is necessary to record and manage the usage history of the parts of a product, to predict the progress of deterioration and the failure of the part from the usage conditions of the parts, and to propose replacements of the part to the user. In order to realize these functions, we are developing a part agent system using network agents and radio-frequency identification (RFID). In previous research, life cycle simulations of parts have been carried out based on the behavior of part agents [2–5]. In this research, in order to clarify the problems and the effects of the pro- posed system, a prototype has been developed, with part agents that are installed in modules of manipulators, to carry out experiments where simulated reuse activities are performed. This paper reports on its development and design. Issues related to the promotion of the reuse of parts include the recognition of the status of a part, such as deterioration and the decision on when a part should be replaced with a used part. Methods used in predictive maintenance [6] can be applied to detection and prediction of the deterioration of a part based on acquired sensory, historical, and operational data. A part agent collects these data through related functions and stores them. The decision on exchanging a part with a used Y. Fukumashi (*) · A. Nagasawa · Y. Fukunaga · H. Hiraoka Department of Precision Mechanics, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 3 A. H. Hu et al. (eds.), Technologies and Eco-innovation towards Sustainability I, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1181-9_1 4 Y. Fukumashi et al. one is not only based on the state of the part but also on the availability of used parts and on the predicted operations and environments. First, the concept of a part agent is described in Sect. 1.2. Then, the proposed mechanism of a part agent that provides advice on the replacement of a module is explained in Sect. 1.3. In Sect. 1.4, a planned experiment on module replacement is described. In Sect. 1.5, preliminary experiment with a manipulator with a single DOF is described with some results. Issues on the exchange of parts are discussed in Sect. 1.6, and the paper is concluded in Sect. 1.7. 1.2 Part Agent System The proposed part agent system is based on the following usage scenario. The sys- tem uses the part agent to manage all information about an individual part through- out its life cycle. The proposal assumes the spread of networks and high-precision RFID technology [7]. The part agent is generated during the manufacturing phase of the main parts, when an RFID tag is attached to its corresponding part. The part agent identifies the RFID tag throughout the part’s life cycle and tracks the part’s transfer through a network. RFID tags were chosen for identification because they have a higher resis- tance to environmental stress than printed codes such as bar codes, which may dete- riorate or become dirty over a part’s life cycle. Moreover, one can read, write, and store data in an RFID. These functions are not feasible by other print-based identi- fication methods. In related research, a product embedded identifier (PEID) [8] has been devel- oped, which involves a small computing chip, an RFID tag, and sensors to support the second half of a product’s life. In contrast to the PEID system, our system aims to promote multiple reuse of individual parts that may go beyond the manufacturer’s management. This requires a “lightweight” system that can be used repeatedly with- out maintenance of sophisticated hardware. Figure 1.1 shows the conceptual scheme of the part agent. The part agent collects the information needed to manage its corresponding part by communicating with various functions within the network. These functions may involve a product data- base that provides product design information and applications that predict the dete- rioration of parts and provide logistic or market information. Furthermore, the part agent communicates with local functions on-site, such as sensory functions that detect the state of the part, storage functions for individual part data, and manage- ment and control functions of the product. Communication is established using information agents that are subordinate network agents generated by the part agents. Based on this scheme, Tanaka developed a life cycle simulator of products that shows their behavior in the life cycle [2]. Nanjo proposed a method to predict future state of a part based on its life cycle and to evaluate options in maintenance activity [3]. Ueno proposed application of Bayes estimation for predicting state of a part to decide its replacement [4]. Yokoki added consideration of users’ behavior based on
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