TAXONOMIC REVIEW OF THE GENUS GROUVELLINUS CHAMPION (COLEOPTERA: ELMIDAE) FROM TAIWAN AND JAPAN

19 Pages·1998·5.9 MB·

by  M-L Jeng

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
100(3). 1998. pp. 526-544
TAXONOMIC REVIEW OF THE GENUS GROUVELLINUS CHAMPION
(COLEOPTERA: ELMIDAE) FROM TAIWAN AND JAPAN
MiNG-LuEN Jeng and Ping-Shih Yang
Laboratory of Insect Conservation, Department of Entomology, National Taiwan Uni-
versity, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China (e-mail: [email protected]).
—
Abstract: The species of GrouveUinus from Taiwan and Japan are reviewed. Seven
species and one subspecies. G. pilosus, n. sp., G. montanus, n. sp., G. hygropetricus, n.
sp., and G. babai babai Nomura from Taiwan, and G. marginatus (Kono), G. uitidus
Nomura, G. subopacus Nomura and G. babai satoi, n. ssp. from Japan, are described or
redescribed. Male genitalia of all species are depicted. A lectotype for G. marginatus is
designated.
Key Words: Elmidae, GrouveUinus, review, new species, new subspecies, Taiwan, Japan
The generic name GrouveUinus was pro- tral lengths (PL + EL); body width (BW =
posed by Champion (1923) as a replace- EW) means the broadest width of elytra.
ment name for the homonyms Microdes The first strial interval of elytra means the
Motschulsky (1859) and GrouveUeus Zaitz- sutural interval (in contrast to Nomura
ev (1908). The genus is widely distributed (1962, 1963) who regarded the space be-
in the Oriental and Palaearctic regions tween the first two striae as the first inter-
(Brown 1981, Jach 1984, Jiich and Kodada val). The scale bar in illustrations represents
1995), and 31 species are known so far. 0.1 mm unless indicated otherwise. De-
Until now, three species of GrouveUinus scriptions and illustrations of spines in the
were known from Japan (C. marginatus ejaculatory duct are omitted. Except the
(Kono), G. subopacus Nomura and G. ni- data of holotypes, the collector is omitted
tidus Nomura), and one was described from in collecting data if the specimen(s) was
Taiwan (G. babai Nomura). Nomura (1963) sampled by the senior author.
published a key to the Japanese and Tai- To facilitate SEM observation, the mud-
wanese species of GrouveUinus. However,
coated specimens are treated with hydro-
the identification of these species has re-
mained somewhat ambiguous. In this paper chloric acid (HCl) for 1 minute and then
soaked in water for about 30 seconds; the
we review the previously described species
specimens are then transferred to a small
and describe three new species and a new
vial containing water, and then placed in an
subspecies. In addition, we also provide a
ultrasonic cleaning device for about 2 min-
revised key which contains more reliable utes. SEM micrographs are made with a Hi-
characters.
tachi S-2400 at 20KV.
Material and Methods
Acronyms
Descriptions are mainly based on alco-
holic material and SEM micrographs. Body CSUS -Department of Biological Science,
length (BL) is the sum of pronotal and ely- California State University, Sac-
VOLUME 100, NUMBER 3 527
ramento, U. S. A. (Dr. W. D. - Pronotal disc scabrous, shagreen-like ordense-
Shepard) ly punctate (Figs. 7-9) 6
DEI -Deutsches Entomologisches Insti- 5. Pronotum more or less strongly conve.x (Fig.
46B); surface of sublateral gibbosity of pro-
tut, Eberswalde. Germany (Dr. L. notum smooth, with only a few superficial
Zerche) punctures (Fig. 11, GB); Japan
NMNS -National Museum of Natural Sci- G. nilidus Nomura
ence, Taichung, Taiwan (Ms. M.- - Pronotum evenlyconve.x (Fig. 46A); surfaceof
pronotal gibbosity scabrous or densely granu-
L. Chan)
NMW late (Figs. 3-4); Taiwan
-Naturhistorisches Museum Wien,
G. inonlatms, n, sp.
Austria (Dr M. A. Jach) 6. Male genitalia larger (ca. 500 jiml; paramere
NSMT -National Science Museum (Natu- elongate and slender, about 1.9 times as long
ral History), Tokyo, Japan as basal piece (Fig. 52); Japan
NTU -Department of Entomology, Na- G. margimitus (Kono)
- Male genitalia smaller (ca. 400-440 (xm); par-
tional Taiwan University, Taipei, amere shorter, about 1.4 times as long as basal
Taiwan (M.-L. Jeng) piece (Figs. 50-51) ... G. hahoi Nomura ... 7
NWU -Nagoya Women's University. Na- 7. Body 1.9—2.2 mm in length; pronotum with
goya, Japan (Dr M. Sato) surface shagreened; abdomen very densely
OMNH-Oklahoma Museum of Natural granulate on all ventrites (Fig. 41); Taiwan . .
G. bahai bahai Nomura
History, University of Oklahoma, - Body 1.6-1.8 mm in length; pronotum with
Norman, U.S.A. (Dr. H. P. Brown) surface densely punctate; first abdominal ven-
TARI -Department of Applied Zoology, trite with fewer granules on disc than those on
Taiwan Agricultural Research In- other ventrites (Fig. 42); Yaeyama Islands . . .
stitution, Taichung, Taiwan (Dr G. bahai satai, n. ssp.
L.-Y. Chou)
Grouvellinus pilosus Jeng and Yang,
new species
Taxonomy
(Figs. 1, 2, 12, 19, 29, 37, 39, 47)
Key to the Species and Subspecies of —
Type locality. Neishuangshi, Shihlin,
Grouvellinus from Taiwan and Japan
Taipei City, northern Taiwan.
—
mm
Description. BL: 1.8-2.1 (male),
Prostemal process less than Vy as wide as pro- 2.0-2.2 mm (female); BW: 0.9-1.0 mm
notum (Figs. 30-36); elytral striae deeply
(both sexes).
notched (Fig. 20); each ventrite with surface
granulate (Fig. 40) 2 Body shape elongate obovate, subparal-
Prostemal process subquadrate. broad, about 'i lel. Dorsum brown, shining, with bronze
as wideaspronotum(Fig. 29); elytral striaenot lustre; elytra sometimes paler than prono-
deeply notched (Fig. 19); only last ventrite tum. Venter brown to dark brown, weakly
granulate and the rest punctate (Fig. 39); Tai-
wan G. pilosus. n. sp. lustrous. Legs brown. Antenna, mouthparts
Body elongately obovate (Fig. 28), with BL/ and tarsi yellowish brown.
BW about 2.1-2.4 (elytra with EL/EW about Head with surface smooth, sparsely and
1.5-1.7) 3 superficially punctate. Frons with 3 or more
Body obovate andstout(Fig. 27), withBL/BW longitudinal rows of pubescence. Clypeus
about 2.0 (EL/EW about 1.3-1.4); Amami and
Okinawa Islands G. subopaciix Nomura with lateral sides broadly rounded; pubes-
Male genitalia from 400-700 ^jim in length; cence on disc denser than on frons. Labrum
body length not longer than 2.3 mm in male smooth, pubescent only laterally, and very
mm
and 2.5 in female 4 finely punctate apically.
Male genitalia aboutm7m50-800 |xm long; body Pronotum (Figs. 1-2) evenly convex, 1.3
size large. 2.3-2.6 in male and 2.5-2.7
mm in female; Taiwan G. hyi;ropetriciis. n. sp. times as broad as long; broadest at basal %;
Pronotal disc smooth and shining (Figs. 3—1. surface (Fig. 12) weakly scabrous, accom-
U) 5 panied with dense and superficial punc-
528 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs. 1-6. Pronotum. L 2, Grdiivelliniispilosus. 3, 4, C. monlanus. 5, 6. G. hygnipetricus.
tures, and densely covered with long, ad- pronotum, 1.5-1.6 times as long as broad,
pressed, decumbent pubescence. Sublateral with conspicuous sexual dimorphism (ely-
carinae subparallel, extending from base to tral apex more acute in female but conjoint-
basal 7^^; an oblique impression on each side ly rounded in male). Sides subparallel in
extending from apical end of carina to near basal % and thence tapering arcuately to
anterior angle. Base with two elongate oval conjoint apex. Strial punctures in basal half
impressions in front of anterior angles of deep and large, subcircular, separated from
scutellum. each other by to 2 times their diameters;
1
Elytra (Fig. 19) 1.3 times as broad as punctures becoming smaller and more
VOLUME NUMBER
100. 3 ^H 529
530 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
parameres, distinctly narrowed at basal I/5, Two specimens labeled "Seitan, Sinten/TAI-
broadest at basal % and thence tapering to- HOKU/ FORMOSA/ I1.V.1941/ COL. S.
ward apex. Ventral sac with lateral sides MIYAMOTO" (TARI) were designated as
weakly sclerotized. Paramere slender and "cotypes" of "Hapgroelmisfortnosamts" by
subparallel at apical half, with apex slightly Y Miwa during 1941-45. However this
dilated. — name was never published.—
Variation. The density of pronotal .pu- Differential diagnosis. This new spe-
bescence is variable, possibly due to age cies is characterized by its long and dense
and detrition (Fi—gs. 1, 2). pubescence on the dorsal surface, indistinct
Type series. Holotype cJ (NMNS): carina on 7th strial interval of elytra, sub-
"TAIWAN: Taipei city, Shihlin: Nei- quadrate prostemal process, punctation on
shuangshi, 30.IV.1987, Wong K. C. leg." metastemum and abdominal ventrites, and
Paratypes (CSUS, DEI, NMW, NTU, characteristic male genitalia. It is somewhat
OMNH, NWU): 2 9, same data as for ho- difficult to group this new species with the
lotype; I 6 and 4 9, same locality, other congeneric members as a subgroup. It
25.VII.1986, Wong K. C. leg.; 2 9, same can be separated from all the other species
locality, 28.VIII.1986, Wong K. C. leg.; 2 from Taiwan and Japan by the key provided
S and 6 9, same locality, 25.IX.1986, above. G. pelacoti Deleve from Vietnam
Wong K. C. leg.; 1 9, same locality, also possesses long pubescent pattern, but
18.x.1985, Wong K. C. leg.; 1 cJ, same lo- its male genitalia are larger and more robust
cality, 28.V.1987, Wong K. C. leg.; 2 S and than those of G. pilosus, and its parameres
10 9, same locality, 20.VI.1987, Wong K. taper uniformly toward their apices.
—
C. leg.; 2 9, same locaUty, 30.VII.1987, Distribution. Known only from north-
Wong K. C. leg.; 1 9, same locality, em Taiwan. All localities are below 500 m.
27.VIII. 1987, Wong K. C. leg.; 1 9, Taipei Most of the specimens were collected from
County, Pinglin: Daiyukushi, 31.Vni.l987, creeks or streams with clear water and only
Wong K. C. leg.; 1 9, same locality, few individuals were found in slightly pol-
21.VI.1988, Wong K. C. leg.; 1 S, same luted streams.
—
locality, 7.VII.1989, Wong K. C. leg.; 1 S Etymology. The specific name pilosus
and 3 9, Taipei County, Pinglin: Beishih- (Latin, hairy) refers to the long dorsal pu-
shi, 21.VI.1988, Wong K. C. leg.; 1 6 and bescence.
1 9, Taipei County, Tongho, XI.1989,
Wong K. C. leg.; 2 9, Taipei County, Wan- Grouvellinus montanus Jeng and Yang,
li: Malienshi, 13.VIII.1990; 2 cJ and 3 9, new species
Taipei County, Sanshah: Yomushi,
(Figs. 3, 4, 20, 30, 46A, 48)
16.VIII.1990; 2 9, Taipei County, Jing- —
meishi: Shuangshiko, 30.IV.1993, Lee C. F. Type locality. A branch of San-Guang
leg.; 1 9, Taipei County, Wulai: Tonghoshi, Stream, near Chiduan, Ilan County, north-
9.IX.1993; 1 9, Taipei County, Shinshen: eastern Taiwan.— mm
Nanshihshi, 10.IX.1993. Description. BL:2.0-2.3 (male),
Additional material examined.—3, "Anko/ 2.3-2.5 mm (female); BW: 0.9-1.0 mm
TAIHOKU/ FORMOSA/ 20.iv.1941/ COL. (male), 1.0-1.1 mm (female).
S. MIYAMOTO"; 4, "Seitan, Sinten/ TAI- Body shape elongate obovate, subparal-
HOKU/ FORMOSA/ 11.V.1941/ COL. S. lel. Dorsal surface dark brown to black,
MIYAMOTO"; 8, "Anko/ TAIHOKU/ with strong bronze lustre. Venterbrown and
FORMOSA/ 25.V.1941/ COL. S. MIYA- opaque. All femora and tibiae dark reddish
MOTO"; 1, "Anko/Taihoko/vi.1941/S. Mi- brown. Antenna, mouthparts and tarsi yel-
yamoto" (TARI), 6 6 and 11 9, Taipei lowish brown.
County, Sanji: Balienshi, 25.VII.1990 (NTU). Head with frons weakly coriaceous.
VOLUME NUMBER
100, 3 531
>-4
532 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs. 19-24. Elytra. 19, Grouvellinuspilosus. female. 20, G. inonlanus. male. 21, G. hygropelricus, female.
22, G. hahai hahai. male. 23, G. hahai sami, male. 24, G. muri;iiuilus, female.
Elytra (Fig, 20) 1.3 times as broad as of superficial granules and pubescence; in-
pronotum, and about 1,6 times as long as terval 3 broadly and weakly elevated at
broad, with conspicuous sexual dimorphism base where it bears an indistinct tuft of pu-
(elytral apex more acute in female but con- bescence; intervals 5. 7, 8 carinate,
jointly rounded in male); sides subparallel Prostemum (Fig, 30) with prostemal pro-
at apical Vi and thence tapering arcuately to cess subparallel sided, moderately broad, a
conjoint apex. Striae deeply notched, strial little broader than Va ofpronotal width, with
punctures on disc quite large, subcircular, apex broadly rounded, Metasternum strong-
separated longitudinally from each other by ly coriaceous, coarsely granulate; disc con-
Vi or Vi their diameters, Strial intervals mod- cave along sulcus in female and broadly de-
erately convex, but first two intervals usu- pressed in posterior half area in male. All
ally flat in aged adults; surface transversely abdominal ventrites with discs granulate
rugose, each interval with one or two rows throughout.
VOLUME NUMBER
100, 3 533
Male genitalia (Fig. 48) about 525 |xm larger than those of G. montanus (ca. 670
long, subparallel-sided; penis reaching ^jim vs. 525 jjim), and the parameres of the
slightly beyond paraniere, dilated at basal latter are also distinctive in shape. This new
V3 and becoming thinner toward apex in species also resembles G. hygropetricus
dorsal view. Ventral sac shorter than para- from Taiwan, especially old adults. They
meres. Parameres close to each other dor- can be distinguished from each other by
sally at basal 1/6 and thence gradually di- their body size and shape of male genitalia
verging toward apex; ventral margins char- as described in—the key.
acteristically —sinuous in lateral view. Distribution. This species is distributed
Variation. Two patterns of pronotal in higher montane areas (about 1000-2000
granulation have been mentioned above. m) in northeastern and central Taiwan. Oc-
The lustre, surface of pronotum, and pu- casionally we found this species and G. ba-
bescence on elytra usually vary greatly, es- bai coexisting in creeks at 1000-1200 m.
pecially when comparing teneral adults In such a case, one or the other species is
with older ones.— much more abundant. All habitats are un-
Type series. Holotype S (NMNS): polluted.
—
••TAIWAN: Ilan County. Chiduan (alt. Etymology. The specific name montan-
1200 m), 2.II.1992, Jeng M. L. leg.". Para- us (Latin, montane) is in reference to its
types (CSUS. DEI, NMW, NTU, OMNH, distribution in montane creeks and streams.
TARI, NWU): 5 (5 and 12 9, same data as
Grouvellinus hygropetricus Jeng and
of holotype; 14 S and 12 9, same locality
and collector, 29.III.1991; 15 6 and II 9, Yang, new species
type locality, 2.XI.1996; 5 c? and 5 9, type (Figs. 5, 6,—13, 21, 31, 40, 49)
locality, 26.VI.1992, Lee C. F. leg.; Ilan Type locality. Wulai, Taipei County,
County, Mt. Taiping (alt. 2000 m), northern Taiwa—n.
mm
8.VIII.1991; 1 (? and I 9, same locality, Description. BL: 2.3-2.6 (male),
11.VIII.1990, Chang S. J. leg.; 2 9, Ilan 2.5-2.7 mm (female); BW: 1.0-1.2 mm
County, Nan-ao: Shenmi Lake (Mysterious (both sexes).
Lake), 5.VI.1993 (ah. 1200m); 1 d and 1 Body shape elongate obovate, subparal-
9, Nantou County, Dongpu: Yunlong Fall lel. Dorsum shining, dark brown to black;
(ah. 1600m), 13.VI.I992; 2 9, Nantou old adults may lose lustre and look opaque.
County, Dongpu: Lerler (alt. 1250m), Venter and legs reddish brown. Antenna,
1.II.1993; 1 (5, Taichung County, Wuling mouthparts and tarsi yellowish brown.
(alt. 1900 m), I.I.1988, Wong K. C. leg.; I Head coriaceous, superficially granulate.
(5, Hwalien County, Lien-hwa Chi (alt. Vertex, lateral sides of clypeus and anter-
1200 m), 5.IX.1988. Tseng J. S. leg.— iolateral sides of labrum with long pubes-
Additional material examined. 1 9, cence, but more sparse on vertex than on
Taichung County, Wuling, 18.VIII.1987, the rest. Clypeus coriaceous. Labrum
Wong K. C. leg.; 1 9, same locality and smooth, weakly and sparsely punctate.
collector, 9.IX.I987; I 9, Nantou County, Pronotum (Figs. 5-6) evenly convex, 1.1
Dongpu: Yunlong Fall, 19.III.I989; 4 6 times broader than long, broadest pointjust
and 1 9, type locality, 29.I—II.I991 (NTU). behind middle. Surface of the disc smooth
Differential diagnosis. In Nomura's and shining in apical half, with conspicuous
key, this species will go to G. iiitidus No- granulation; granules separated from each
mura at couplet 3 due to its smooth and other by 1-3 times their diameters; basal
shining pronotum. However G. montamis is half of the disc slightly coriaceous, partic-
characterized by its distinct pronotal gran- ularly pronounced in median area (Fig. 13);
ulation pattern and male genitalia. Male sublateral areas coarsely granulate. Subla-
genitalia of G. nitidus (Fig. 54) are much teral carinae present in basal 75; an oblique
534 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs. 25-28. 25, Grouveltiniis siihopacus. male elytra. 26, G. nitidus. male elytra. 27. G. siibopacus. male
habitus. 28, G. babai saioi. male habitus.
VOLUME NUMBER
100. 3 535
Figs. 29-34. Prostemum. 2^. GroKvclliiuiM ivlosu.w 30, G innnuiiiiis. 31, O. hygropi'iruux. 32-33, G. hahai
habai. 34, G. marginatus.
impression on each side extending from punctures small and shallow; punctures of
apex of carina to near anterior angle. Each other striae larger and deeper on disc but
sublateral gibbosity shghtly convex and becoming finer and shallower on apical de-
coarsely granulate. Base with two shallow clivity. Strial interval with surface trans-
impressions just before scutellum. versely rugose; each interval with a row of
Elytra (Fig. 21) 1.2 times broader than granules; First two intervals flat; interval 3
pronotum, 1.7 times longer than broad, with moderately convex and a little broader at
conspicuous sexual dimorphism (elytral base; pubescent tuft on base of third inter-
apex more acute in female but conjointly val present or entirely absent; intervals 5. 7
rounded in male); weakly serrate along lat- and 8 moderately carinate. Prostemum (Fig.
eral margin. First stria quite narrow, with 31) with prostemal process weakly rimmed.