Taxonomic Notes on Ophiopogon of South Asia IV

8 Pages·1999·0.87 MB·English

by  Noriyuki Tanaka

植物研究雑誌
.JJpn. Bot.
Originals 74: 321-328 (1999)
Taxooomic Notes Ophiopogon of South Asia IV
00
Noriyuki TANAKA
。
Department of Education，S chool of Liberal Arts，Te ikyo University
tsuka359，Ha chioji，To kyo，1 92-0395 JAPAN
(Received on February 5，1 998)
Ophiopogon revolutus F.T.Wang & L.K.Dai is treated as conspecific with O.
gl伊 thii(Baker) Hook.f. Ophiopogon griffithii is variable especially in leaf shape
and width. This species is new to Myanmar. It is noteworthy that Ophiopogon
kradungensis M.N. Tamura shares several similar features with O. gr伊thii.
(Continued from J. Jpn. Bot. 74: 261-267，1 999)
Key words: Ophiopogon griffithii，O phiopogon kradungensis，O phiopogon revolutus，
taxonomy
(6) Ophiopogon griffithii and O. dric or slenderly conic tubular structure
revolutus (Fig. 3A). In the specimens from Yunnan the
Baker (1879) described Flueggea tepals are widely spreading and reflexed
griffithii based on the specimen collected by (Figs. 2，3 A). After ac lose examination of
Griffith (no. 5839; Fig. 1) in the Patkai all these specimens，1 f ound that the charac-
Range of northeastern India. This species teristics of O. griffithii basically agree with
was later transferred to Ophiopogon by those of O. revolutus F.T.Wang & L.K.Dai
Hooker (1892). Except for the descriptions (1978) described from southwestern Yunnan.
based on the type by Baker and Hooker， 1c ould find no significant difference in both
there has been no reliable information for floral and vegetative characters between
this species. As the type is in the fruiting them. Therefore，O . revolutus is regarded
stage，fl oral features of this species have not here as synonymous with O. griffithii.
been known. In these respects，O . griffithii Ophiopogon gl伊 thiihere circumscribed is
has been an insufficiently known species. In variable especially in leaf width and shape.
the course of this survey，1 c ould find three While some specimens have narrow，li near
flowering specimens which coincide well in leaves [e.g.，F. Kingdon-Ward 22603，B M(i ts
vegetative characters with the type of O. scape is shown in Fig. 3B); A.F.G.Kerr
griffithii. One is from Myanmar 5300，B M; R. Geesink et al. 8140，K ，P ]，
(R.J.Swinhoe 57，K )，a nd the other two are others have relatively broad，na rrowly ellip-
from southwestern Yunnan，C hina [A.Henry tic or narrowly oblong leaves like the type
12171，1 2171A (Figs. 2，3 A)，K ]. In both (Fig. 1) and the specimen shown in Fig. 2.
the type and the flowering specimens leaf Yang and Li (1990) and Yang (1997) re-
blades are papery and glaucous on the lower corded O. griffithii from southwestern
surface，a nd in the latter specimens the an- Yunnan，a nd they regarded O. gl伊 thiiand
thers are adherent laterally，fo rming ac ylin- O. revolutus as distinct species. Unfortu-
-321-
322 植物研究雑誌第74巻第6号 平成11年12月
Fig. 1. Type specimen of Ophiopogon gr~万ïthii (Baker) Hook.f. (NE India，
W. Griffith 5839，K ). Scale bar (in the upper right corner) =5 c m.
December 1999 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo .l74 No. 6 323
Fig. 2. Af lowering specimen identified as Ophiopogon grifflthii (SW Yunnan，Ch ina，
A.Henry 12171A，K) .
324 植物研究雑誌第74巻第6号 平成11年12月
Fig. 3. Close-ups of ap art of the inflorescence from two specimens identified as Ophiopogon
grif.fithii，s howing widely spreading and reflexed tepals，a dherent anthers，a nd pedicels articu-
lated in the lower part (articulation sites indicated by arrows). A. A specimen collected by
A.Henry (12171A，K) in Yunnan，Ch ina. B. A specimen collected by F.Kingdon-Ward (22603，
K) in west central Burma (Myanmar) (the scape shown here is from as mall package attached
to the sheet). This specimen (in Fig. 3B) has v~ry slender linear leaves to 42 cm long and 4
mmw ide. Scales in mm.
nately 1h ave had no opportunity to examine thorship see Chen et al. 1993) in F.T.Wang
the specimens they assigned to O. griffithii. and Ts. Tang (edsよFl.Reip. Pop. Sin. 15:
So 1c annot make af urther remark on the 253，1 56，t. 52，f. I-3 (1978); M.N.Tamura in
identity of their specimens. Further survey Shoei Jr. Coll. Ann. Rep. Stud. 23: 64
on these specimens is needed. (1991); Y.P.Yang in C.Y.Wu (ed.)，F l.
Yunnan. 7: 683，t. 219，f. l，2 ' (1997).
Ophiopogon griffithii (Baker) Hook.f.， Glabrous perennial herb. Rootstock short，
Fl. Brit. India 6: 270 (1892). [Figs. 1-3] estoloniferous. Roots to 2.5 mmin diameter.
Flueggea grif.fithii Baker in J.. Linn. Soc. Leaves fasciculate，n arrowly elliptic，na r-
17: 502 (1879)‘，Fluggea'. rowly oblong，o blanceolate，l inear-oblan-
Mondo jα:ponicum (L.f.) var. griffithii ceolate or linear，a cute at apex，ta pering to
(Baker) Farw. in Amer. Midl. Nat. 7: 42 petiole，ba se with scarious wings forming a
(1921). sheath，g laucous on abaxial surface，m i-
Ophiopogon revolutus F. T. Wang & nutely serrulate on margins，wi th 5-23 lon-
L.K.Dai in L.K.Dai and S.C.Chen (for au- gitudinal veins，pa pery，20 -54.5 cml ong，3 -
December 1999 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 74 No. 6 325
18.5 mmw ide. Scape more or less O. reptans Hook.f. and O. malcolmsonii
declinate，c omplanate，n arrowly 2winged， Royle ex Hook.f. (cf.，T amura 1990). As far
・
14-30 cm long. Inflorescence racemose，5 - as 1a m aware，O . kradungensis is distinct
14.5 cml ong. Floral buds narrowly conical. from any other species. The vegetative p紅白
Flowers 1-3 in each axil of clustered bracts， of O. kradungensis，pa rticularly of its nar-
cernuous，s ecund，w hite (A.Henry 12171， row-leaved form (Fig. 4)，c losely resemble
12171A，K ) or lilac (F.Kingdon-Ward those of O. reptans (cf.，T anaka 1999). But，
22603，B M). Bracts ovate to narrowly lan- O. kradungensis differs from O. reptans in
ceolate，a cute or acuminate at apex，m i- having generally longer scapes，( almost)
nutely serrulate on margins in upper part， entire bracts，lo nger adherent anthers，lo nger
scarious，us ually to 2c ml ong. Pedicels 3.5- and widely spreading，re flexed tepals (Fig.
8.5 mml ong incl. basal stalky part of peri- 4)，l onger styles，et c. The resemblance be-
anth (true pedicels，e xcl. perianth part，1 .8- tween O. kradungensis and O. reptans ap-
5m ml ong)，jo inted around middle or in pears only superficial. Ont he other hand，it
lower part. Perianth lobes 6，s preading and is noteworthy that O. kradungensis and O.
reflexed，l anceolate，1 ・nerved，5.5-9.7 mm gl伊thiishare several similar characteristics.
long，2. 0-2.8 mmw ide. Stamens 6. Anthers For example，bo th species possess adherent
linear-lanceolate，a dherent laterally (some- narrowly lanceolate (or linear-lanceolate)
times partially separate)，4. 2-6.3 mml ong. anthers (cf.，Fi g. 3f or O. griffithii)，w idely
Filaments short，0 .4-1 mml ong. Pistil 1. spreading and reflexed tepals (Figs. 3，4 )，
Style filiform，5 .4-8.2 mml ong. Seeds with pedicels articulated usually in the lower part
sarcotesta，g lobose to ellipsoid，6 .5-8 mm (cf.，F ig. 3f or O. griffithii)，c omplanate
long，5 .5-6 mma cross，d ark blue scapes with two narrow wings，et c. There
(R.Geesink et al. 8140，K ，P) . seems to be ap ossibility that the two spe-
Distribution: NEI ndia，M yanmar，N Thai- cies have ac lose relationship.
land and SWC hina (SW Yunnan).
Specimens examined: Ophiopogon kradungensis M.N.T amura
India. Upper Assam，P atkoye hills，al t. 4500，白 in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 41: 2( 1990).
W.Griffith 5839 (type of O. griffithii，K ).
[Fig. 4]
Myanmar. Mandalay Distr.，1 926，fl. ，R. J.Swinhoe
Ophiopogon reptαns auct. non. Hook.f.
57 (K); West Central Burma，M inqat，3 000-4500 ft，
Aug. 30，1 956，fl. ，F. Kingdon-Ward 22603 (BM). (in Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 268): K.Larsen in Dansk
Thailand. Chiang Mai，Do i Chiang Dao，al t. 1750- Bot. Ark. 20: 40 (1961)，s altem quoad
2000 m，Ja n. 7，1 975，fr. ，R. Geesink et al. 8140 (K， specim. Sφrensen et al. 7435.
P); Doi Inthanon，al t. c.2100 m，M ay 1，1921，fl . Glabrous perennial herb. Roots ligneous，
(buds)，A. F.G.Kerr 5300 (BM); ibid:，al t. 2500 m，Ja n.
up to c.3 mmin diameter. Stem procumbent，
22，1 969，fr. ，H. P. Nooteboom et al. 838 (K); ibid.，al t.
2400-2600 m，D ec. 28，1 974，fr. ，R . Geesink et al. ascending in upper part，st iff，to more than
7970 (K). 57.7 cm，1. 8-6 mmin diameter，be aring dis-
China. Yunnan，S zemao，f ， .1A.Henry 12171， tant tufts of leaves arranged at intervals of
12171A (K).
3.5-10 cm. Leaves linear，a cute，va ginate at
base with scarious wings，7 -13-veined，
(7) Ophiopogo(l kradungensis whitish between veins on abaxial surface，
Ophiopogon kradungensis was described
entire or almost entire，1 5-33 cml ong，2 .5-
by Tamura (1990) from 110rtheastern Thai-
6m mw ide. Scape complanate，na rrowly 2-
land. Until Tamura distinguished this spe-
winged，8 -19 cm long. Inflorecence race-
cies，t he specimens of O. kradungensis had
mose，2 .3-12 cml ong. Floral buds conical.
often been assigned to other species，su ch as
Flowers cernuous，s ecund，1 -2 in each axil
326 植物研究雑誌第74巻第6号 平成11年12月
Fig. 4. Isoparatype specimen of Ophiopogon kradungensis (NE Thailand，
K.Bunchuai 1770，K) . The aowsindicate the flowering scapes. Scale bar (in the
町
lower left corner) =5 c m.
December 1999 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo .l74 No. 6 327
of clustered bracts，wh ite (K.Bunchuai 1770， & M.N.Tamura T-60662 (isoparatype，T NS 599698);
K). Bracts lanceolate，a cute or acuminate， Loei，P hu Luang，S ept.l0，1 911，fl. ，K .Bunchuai 1770
entire or almost entire，s carious at margin， (isoparatype，K ).
greenish，u p to c.2 cml ong. Pedicels 5.5-9.2
1e xpress myd eep gratitude to the keep-
mml ong incl. lower stalky part of perianth
ers of the following herbaria for making
(true pedicels，e xcl. perianth part，1 .5-3.2
their specimens available; BM，K ，P ，T I and
mml ong)，jo inted in lower part. Perianth
TNS. 1a lso thank Prof. Dr. Hideaki Ohba of
lobes 6，la nceolate to linear-lanceolate，o b
闇 the University of Tokyo and other anony-
tuse，l -veined，s preading and reflexed，7 .5-
mous reviewers for their helpful comments
8.5 mml ong，1 .6-2.6 mmw ide. Stamens 6，
on this manuscript.
linear-lanceolate，sa gittate or cordate at base，
adherent laterally，5 .7-6.2 mml ong. Fi1a-
References
ments short. Pistil 1. Style filiform，sl ightly
Charoenphol C. C. 1974. Ophiopogon malcolmsonii，
attenuate，6 -7.5 mml ong. Seeds with p. 91. O. reptans，p . 92. In: Studies in Thai
sarcotesta，gl obose to subglobose，6- 6.5 mm Liliaceae. Thai Forest Bul ，.lBot. 8.
long，4 -5.5 mmw ide，d ark blue (C.F.van Chen S. c.， Li J. L.， Zhu X. Y. and Zhang Z.Y. 1993.
Beusekom et al. 4541，K ，P) . Bibliography of Chinese Systematic Botany.
Guangdong Science & Technology Press，
Distribution: NET hailand.
Guangzhou.
Representative specimens examined:
Tanaka N. 1999. Taxonomic notes on Ophiopogon of
Thailand. NEP rov.，L oei，P hu Kradung，al t.
South Asia 11. J. Jpn. Bot. 74: 25-33.
c.1300 m，De c. 24，1 971，fr. ，c. F.van Beusekom et al.
Yang Y. P. 1997. Ophiopogon griffithii (Baker) Hook.f.
4541 (isoparatype，K ，P) ; ibid.，al t. 1150-1250 m，
In: WuC . Y. (ed.)，Fl ora Yunnanica 7: 674. Science
Nov. 1，1 984，f r.， G.Murata et al. T-42603
Press，B eiji時・
(isoparatype，TI ); ibid.，al t. 700-1100 m，O ct. 31，
Yang Y. P. and Li H. 1990. Ophiopogon gr{万ithii
1984，fr. ，S .Mitsuta et al. T-42263 (isoparatype，TI );
(Baker) Hook.f. In: Study on the taxonomic system
ibid.，al t. 1300 m，Ju ly 9，1 959，fl. ，Th .Sorensen et al.
of Ophiopogon. Acta Bot. Yunnan.，S uppl. 3: 82-
7435 (isoparatype，K ); ibid.，K hoon Phong waterfall
83.
(RS-25)，al t. 1070 m，S ept. 9，1 988，fr. ，H .Takahashi
田中教之:南アジア産ジャノヒゲ属の分類学的検
討 IV
Ophiopogon griffithiiの基準標本(インド北東部 る一方，基準標本 (Fig.1)やFig.2の標本のよう
産)には花がなく，本種はこれまで分類学的にあま に比較的幅広い，広線形や狭楕円形あるいは狭倒
りよく理解されてこなかった種の一つである.筆 披針形の葉を持つ個体がある.本種はインド北東
者は O.griffithiiと同定しうる花のある標本を 3点 部， ミャンマー中北部，タイ北部，中国雲南省西南
見出した.1点はミャンマー産であり，他の 2点 部に分布する.ミャンマーにおける分布の記録は
は中国雲南省西南部産である.基準標本とこれら 本報告が初めてである.タイでは O.revolutusの
の花付きの標本の葉は比較的薄手(紙質)で，裏面 名において分布の記録がある.
は白色を帯び(粉緑色)，後者の(花付きの)標本 Ophiopogon kradungensisは葉の幅などに変異が
で見ると，蔚は側面で互いに合着し，花被片は盛花 見られるが，とくに細葉を持つ個体は栄養部を見
時に平開しかっ反曲する性質を持つ.詳しく標本 る限り ，O. reptansとよく似ている .O.
を検討したところ，意外にも，本種の特徴は雲南省 kradungensisの個体はかつて O.repωnsとして同定
西南部から記載されていた O.revolutusのそれと されたこともあったが， O. kradungensisの査はほ
基本的に一致することが分かった.従って O. とんど全縁で，約は側面で合着(接着)し，花被片
grザithiiはO.revolutusと同種であると判断した. は平開し反曲することや，花が全体的により大き
本種の正名は O.griffithiiであり，O. revolutusはそ いことなどの点において， O. repωnsと容易に区別
の異名となる.本種は葉の幅ないし形に関して大 できる.一方， O. kradungensisの花部などに見ら
きな変異を示す.狭い線状の葉を付ける個体があ れる特徴のいくつか(蔚が合着することや，花被片
328 植物研究雑誌第74巻第6号 平成11年12月
が平開し反曲すること，花被片，蔚，花柱の形な つ可能性がある.O. kradungensisはタイ北東部に
o.
ど)は，O. griffithiiとよく一致することから， 分布する. (帝京大学文学部教育学科)
kradungensisはO.griffithiiと密接な類縁関係を持