TAW10_2 ABAP Workbench Fundamentals

557 Pages·2005·38.76 MB·English

TAW10_2
ABAP Workbench Fundamentals
SAP NetWeaver 2004
Date
Training Center
Instructors
Education Website
Instructor Handbook
CourseVersion:2005 /Q4
CourseDuration:15Days
Material Number: 50077030
Owner: Mario Gohlke (D023031)
An SAP Compass course - use it to learn, reference it for work
Copyright
Copyright'2005SAPAG.Allrightsreserved.
Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorforanypurposewithoutthe
expresspermissionofSAPAG.Theinformationcontainedhereinmaybechangedwithoutpriornotice.
SomesoftwareproductsmarketedbySAPAGanditsdistributorscontainproprietarysoftware
componentsofothersoftwarevendors.
Trademarks
(cid:149) Microsoftfi,WINDOWSfi,NTfi,EXCELfi,Wordfi,PowerPointfiandSQLServerfiare
registeredtrademarksofMicrosoftCorporation.
(cid:149) IBMfi,DB2fi,OS/2fi,DB2/6000fi,ParallelSysplexfi,MVS/ESAfi,RS/6000fi,AIXfi,S/390fi,
AS/400fi,OS/390fi,andOS/400fiareregisteredtrademarksofIBMCorporation.
(cid:149) ORACLEfiisaregisteredtrademarkofORACLECorporation.
(cid:149) INFORMIXfi-OnLineforSAPandINFORMIXfiDynamicServerTMareregisteredtrademarks
ofInformixSoftwareIncorporated.
(cid:149) UNIXfi,X/Openfi,OSF/1fi,andMotiffiareregisteredtrademarksoftheOpenGroup.
(cid:149) Citrixfi,theCitrixlogo,ICAfi,ProgramNeighborhoodfi,MetaFramefi,WinFramefi,
VideoFramefi,MultiWinfiandotherCitrixproductnamesreferencedhereinaretrademarksof
CitrixSystems,Inc.
(cid:149) HTML,DHTML,XML,XHTMLaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofW3Cfi,WorldWide
WebConsortium,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.
(cid:149) JAVAfiisaregisteredtrademarkofSunMicrosystems,Inc.
(cid:149) JAVASCRIPTfiisaregisteredtrademarkofSunMicrosystems,Inc.,usedunderlicensefor
technologyinventedandimplementedbyNetscape.
(cid:149) SAP,SAPLogo,R/2,RIVA,R/3,SAPArchiveLink,SAPBusinessWorkflow,WebFlow,SAP
EarlyWatch,BAPI,SAPPHIRE,ManagementCockpit,mySAP.comLogoandmySAP.comare
trademarksorregisteredtrademarksofSAPAGinGermanyandinseveralothercountriesall
overtheworld. Allotherproductsmentionedaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheir
respectivecompanies.
Disclaimer
THESEMATERIALSAREPROVIDEDBYSAPONAN"ASIS"BASIS,ANDSAPEXPRESSLY
DISCLAIMSANYANDALLWARRANTIES,EXPRESSORAPPLIED,INCLUDINGWITHOUT
LIMITATIONWARRANTIESOFMERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULAR
PURPOSE,WITHRESPECTTOTHESEMATERIALSANDTHESERVICE,INFORMATION,TEXT,
GRAPHICS,LINKS,ORANYOTHERMATERIALSANDPRODUCTSCONTAINEDHEREIN.IN
NOEVENTSHALLSAPBELIABLEFORANYDIRECT,INDIRECT,SPECIAL,INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL,ORPUNITIVEDAMAGESOFANYKINDWHATSOEVER,INCLUDING
WITHOUTLIMITATIONLOSTREVENUESORLOSTPROFITS,WHICHMAYRESULTFROM
THEUSEOFTHESEMATERIALSORINCLUDEDSOFTWARECOMPONENTS.
About This Handbook
This handbook is intended to complement the instructor-led presentation of this
course,andserveasasourceofreference. Itisnotsuitableforself-study.
Typographic Conventions
AmericanEnglishisthestandardusedinthishandbook. Thefollowingtypographic
conventions are also used.
Type Style Description
Example text Words or characters that appear on the screen. These
includefieldnames,screentitles,pushbuttonsaswellas
menunames, paths, and options.
Also used for cross-referencesto otherdocumentation
both internal (in this documentation) and external (in
other locations, suchasSAPNet).
Exampletext Emphasized words or phrases in body text, titles of
graphics, and tables
EXAMPLETEXT Namesofelementsinthesystem. Theseincludereport
names,programnames,transactioncodes,tablenames,
andindividualkeywordsof aprogramminglanguage,
when surrounded by body text, for example SELECT
and INCLUDE.
Example text Screen output. This includesfile and directory names
and their paths, messages, names of variables and
parameters,andpassagesofthesourcetextofaprogram.
Example text Exact user entry. These arewords and characters that
you enter in the system exactly as they appear in the
documentation.
<Example text> Variableuserentry. Pointedbracketsindicatethatyou
replace these words and characters with appropriate
entries.
iii
2005/Q4 ' 2005 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
AboutThisHandbook TAW10_2
Icons in Body Text
Thefollowing icons areused in thishandbook.
Icon Meaning
Formoreinformation,tips,orbackground
Noteorfurtherexplanationofpreviouspoint
Exception or caution
Procedures
Indicates that the item is displayed in the instructor(cid:146)s
presentation.
iv
'2005SAPAG.Allrightsreserved. 2005/Q4
Contents
Course Overview ............................................................................. vii
Course Goals.................................................................................vii
Course Objectives........................................................................... ix
Unit 1: ABAP Dictionary ......................................................................1
Overview of the Functions of the ABAP Dictionary ......................................2
Unit 2: Tables in ABAP Dictionary........................................................ 13
Tables in the ABAP Dictionary............................................................ 14
Special SAP Tables ........................................................................ 41
Unit 3: Performance When Accessing Tables ......................................... 49
Performance During Table Access ...................................................... 50
Unit 4: Input Checks......................................................................... 79
Consistency Through Input Checks...................................................... 80
Unit 5: Dependencies with ABAP Dictionary Objects...............................115
Object Dependencies .....................................................................116
Unit 6: Changing Tables ...................................................................131
Changes to Tables.........................................................................132
Unit 7: Views and Maintenance Dialogs................................................163
Views........................................................................................164
Maintenance Views........................................................................184
Unit 8: Search Help .........................................................................207
Search Helps...............................................................................208
Unit 9: ABAP Runtime......................................................................243
ABAP Runtime.............................................................................244
v
2005/Q4 ' 2005 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
Contents TAW10_2
Unit 10: ABAP Types and Data Objects................................................269
Data Types and Data Objects............................................................271
Using Structures...........................................................................310
Using Internal Tables......................................................................331
Unit 11: Analysis Tools for Programs...................................................369
Assertions and Breakpoints..............................................................370
The Code Inspector .......................................................................386
Runtime Analysis..........................................................................398
Unit 12: ABAP Open SQL..................................................................411
Architecture of the SAP Web Application Server......................................413
SQL Trace..................................................................................422
Indexes (cid:150) Basics...........................................................................433
ABAP Open SQL: Optimizing Statements..............................................449
Table Buffering.............................................................................486
Unit 13: Dynamic Programming..........................................................505
Dynamic Programming with Field Symbols and References ........................506
Index............................................................................................545
vi
'2005SAPAG.Allrightsreserved. 2005/Q4
Course Overview
This training course, lasting three weeks, provides a comprehensive and detailed
introduction to the basics of ABAP/ABAP object-oriented programming and the
ABAP Workbench tools. This course also prepares you for certification as a
DevelopmentConsultantSAPNetWeaver-ABAPWorkbench2004.
Target Audience
Thiscourseisintended for thefollowingaudiences:
(cid:149) Developmentconsultantsanddeveloperswhoareresponsibleforadaptingand
developing ABAP/ABAP Objects programs
Course Prerequisites
Required Knowledge
(cid:149) Solid EDP basic knowledge
(cid:149) Goodprogrammingexperienceinadifferentprogramminglanguage
Course Duration Details
Unit 1:
ABAP Dictionary
Overview of the Functions of the ABAP Dictionary 60 Minutes
Unit 2: Tables in ABAP Dictionary
Tables in the ABAP Dictionary 60 Minutes
Exercise 1: Tables in the ABAP Dictionary 15 Minutes
Special SAP Tables 30 Minutes
Unit 3: Performance When Accessing Tables
Performance During Table Access 120 Minutes
Exercise 2: Performance Aspects in Table Access 15 Minutes
Unit 4: Input Checks
Consistency Through Input Checks 120 Minutes
Exercise 3: Consistency Through Input Checks 30 Minutes
Unit 5: Dependencies with ABAP Dictionary Objects
Object Dependencies 60 Minutes
vii
2005/Q4 ' 2005 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
Course Overview TAW10_2
Exercise 4: Dependencies of ABAP Dictionary
Objects 30 Minutes
Unit 6: Changing Tables
Changes to Tables 100 Minutes
Exercise 5: Changes to database tables 30 Minutes
Exercise 6: Database Utility (SE14) Dealing with
Problems (optional) 45 Minutes
Unit 7: Views and Maintenance Dialogs
Views 120 Minutes
Exercise 7: Views 30 Minutes
Maintenance Views 100 Minutes
Exercise 8: Maintenance Views 60 Minutes
Unit 8: Search Help
Search Helps 120 Minutes
Exercise 9: Search Helps 60 Minutes
Unit 9: ABAP Runtime
ABAP Runtime 30 Minutes
Exercise 10: Creating a Package 10 Minutes
Exercise 11: Creating an Executable Program 20 Minutes
Unit 10: ABAP Types and Data Objects
Data Types and Data Objects 40 Minutes
Exercise 12: Using Numeric Data Types 15 Minutes
Using Structures 20 Minutes
Exercise 13: Basic ABAP Statements and String
Processing 60 Minutes
Using Internal Tables 120 Minutes
Exercise 14: Table Kinds 30 Minutes
Unit 11: Analysis Tools for Programs
Assertions and Breakpoints 40 Minutes
Exercise 15: Assertions and Breakpoints 20 Minutes
The Code Inspector 30 Minutes
Exercise 16: The Code Inspector 15 Minutes
Runtime Analysis 60 Minutes
Exercise 17: Using the Runtime Analysis 30 Minutes
Unit 12: ABAP Open SQL
Architecture of the SAP Web Application Server 40 Minutes
SQL Trace 40 Minutes
Indexes (cid:150) Basics 40 Minutes
Exercise 18: Creating and Using Indexes 20 Minutes
viii
'2005SAPAG.Allrightsreserved. 2005/Q4
TAW10_2 Course Overview
ABAP Open SQL: Optimizing Statements 40 Minutes
Exercise 19: Optimizing SQL Statements:
Accessing Multiple Tables 40 Minutes
Table Buffering 30 Minutes
Exercise 20: Table Buffering 30 Minutes
Unit 13: Dynamic Programming
Dynamic Programming with Field Symbols and
References 120 Minutes
Exercise 21: Type Casting for Structures 30 Minutes
Exercise 22: Generating Data Objects at Runtime 30 Minutes
Course Goals
This course will prepare you to:
(cid:149) Work with the ABAP Workbench tools
(cid:149) Write your own simple ABAP programs
(cid:149) Program object-oriented ABAP Objects
Course Objectives
After completing thiscourse, you will be ableto:
(cid:149) Describe the data structure of SAP systems
(cid:149) Use the ABAP Workbench tools
(cid:149) Create lists using classic reports
(cid:149) Createandcallfunctiongroupsandfunctionmodules
(cid:149) Work with the ABAP Dictionary
(cid:149) Program in a performance-sensitivemanner
(cid:149) Describetheconceptsbehindobject-orientedprogramming
(cid:149) Create lists using ALV Grid Control
SAP Software Component Information
TheinformationinthiscoursepertainstothefollowingSAPSoftwareComponents
and releases:
(cid:149) SAP Web AS 6.20
ix
2005/Q4 ' 2005 SAP AG. All rights reserved.
Course Overview TAW10_2
x
'2005SAPAG.Allrightsreserved. 2005/Q4