Talk for Writing in Secondary Schools With a Foreword by Pie Corbett “‘Talk for Writing’ is a wildly successful approach to writing for pupils of all ages...The book is a comprehensive manual for raising standards in writing across the secondary curriculum outlining every stage of the process and including cutting edge formative assessment, how to coordinate ‘Talk for Writing’ across the whole school and advice about policies...It is practical, reader-friendly and includes a pack of handouts and a superb DVD. The use of ‘Talk for Writing’ across the secondary phase is a very exciting prospect: I highly recommend using this book to make it happen.” Shirley Clarke, Education consultant, Associaate of the Institute of Education, University of London, UK ‘Talk for Writing’, developed by Pie Corbett supported by Julia Strong, is a proven approach to teaching writing that is engaging and motivating for students and teachers alike. Building on best practice, this practical guide takes you step by step through how to establish quality written communication across the secondary curriculum. It can be used as a handbook by a literacy coordinator to lead the approach as well as being a source of practical ideas for each subject area. Every teacher can help students internalise the pattern of language of their subject through focused talk activities related to exemplar text. This enables students to independently generate the sentence patterns and structures that are key to effective communication in any subject. How to achieve effective Julia Strong puts the experience of the learner at the centre. By establishing some consistent approaches across the curriculum, the learner can see how what they learn in one area can be transferred to support learning in another. The approach progressively reading, writing and builds up students’ linguistic competence involving them in co-constructing the next steps they need to take to make progress. communication across ThiS PraCTiCal reSourCe offerS: • the curriculum Wide range of examples from all subject areas with a particular focus on science • DVD of a training session with teachers showing ‘Talk for Writing’ in action suitable to use on training days to help introduce and embed the approach • over 80 customisable handouts downloadable from the DVD • Customisable Power Point slides to train all staff in the approach Thoroughly grounded in the principles of formative assessment, ‘Talk for Writing’ if systematically applied across the curriculum really can turn secondary students into powerful communicators. Try it, it works! Julia Strong now works with Pie Corbett in developing ‘Talk for Writing’. A former secondary school deputy head, she then became Deputy Director at the National Literacy Trust and Director of the National Reading Campaign. She is an expert on literacy across the curriculum and the author of a number of bestselling books, including Talk for Writing Across the Curriculum (Open University Press, 2011) with Pie Corbett. www.talk4writing.com Cover D esign: H andsD esign.ca Talk for Writing in Secondary Schools 2255445511..iinnddbb ii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 2255445511..iinnddbb iiii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 Talk for Writing in Secondary Schools How to achieve effective reading, writing and communication across the curriculum Julia Strong 2255445511..iinnddbb iiiiii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 Open University Press McGraw- Hill Education McGraw- Hill House Shoppenhangers Road Maidenhead Berkshire England SL6 2QL email: [email protected] world wide web: www.openup.co.uk and Two Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121–2289, USA First published 2013 Copyright © Julia Strong, 2013 All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd of Saffron House, 6- 10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. The Open University Press MediaCentre allows eBook purchasers to access digital resources that accompany the printed book. Visit: www.openup.co.uk/mediacentre A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library ISBN- 13: 978- 0- 33- 526260- 1 (pb) ISBN- 10: 0- 33- 526260- 0 (pb) eISBN: 978- 0- 33- 526261- 8 Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data CIP data applied for Typesetting and e- book compilations by Refi neCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk Fictitious names of companies, products, people, characters and/or data that may be used herein (in case studies or in examples) are not intended to represent any real individual, company, product or event. 2255445511__0000__FFMM..iinndddd iivv 1122//0099//22001133 1122::1166 This handbook is dedicated to all the teachers across the curriculum whose enthusiasm for the Talk- for- Writing approach, and generosity in letting me use their material, have made this handbook possible. In particular, I would like to thank the following people from Brighton and Hove – Carole Sullivan, Teaching and Learning adviser; Vicky Hawking, English adviser and English teacher at Cardinal Newman; Zeb Friedman, Maths adviser and AST maths teacher, Varndean School; and Sue Pickerill, Science adviser and science teacher, Varndean School – for not only piloting the approach but for doing so in such a model way, building up the approach and making it their own. But most of all, thanks to Pie Corbett for creating the Talk- for- Writing approach and asking me to help him develop it; and for his endless inspiration, humour and passion to help teachers help children learn to express themselves effectively. Julia Strong, www.Talk4Writing.com Note: AQA examination- related materials are reproduced by permission of AQA Education (AQA). Christine Counsell fi rst published the Fire of London materials (see page 172) in the following pamphlet: Counsell, C. (1997) Analytical and Discursive Writing in History at Key Stage 3, London: Historical Association. Counsell’s work has focused on how to integrate oral and written work to secure a strong relationship between thinking and knowledge-building within a disciplinary framework. The following publication sets out the most recent version of the resources, and models ways of using them in practice to secure historical argument: Counsell, C. (2011) ‘Generating historical argument about causation in the history classroom: exploring practical teaching approaches’, in Ghusayni, R., Karami, R., & Akar, B. (Eds.). (2012) Learning and teaching history: Lessons from and for Lebanon: Proceedings of the Third Conference on Education , Lebanese Association for Education Studies, 25-26 March 2011. Beirut: Arab Cultural Centre.) 2255445511..iinnddbb vv 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 Praise for this book “Few schools make the most of the relationship between talk and writing. Often isolated teachers experience success with it, but their knowledge is rarely scaled up to the whole school. In this book Julia Strong draws upon her extensive and acclaimed experience of helping teachers raise their expectations of the quality of students’ writing. The examples show the importance of respecting subject difference and of making the most of the disciplinary characteristics of texts within each subject. Strong thus avoids the dangers of a generic literacy that ignores the way knowledge is structured within disciplines. Instead, she gives senior managers the thoughtful, nuanced guide that is necessary for building whole-staff debate and sustained, shared refl ection.” Christine Counsell, Senior Lecturer, University of Cambridge Faculty of Education, UK “Talk for writing in Secondary Schools offers a practical, systematic approach which clarifi es for teachers how to help students talk the subject and write the subject. The manual is a rich source of practical ideas to use immediately and directly in the classroom. Offering active learning techniques that empower students to produce better independent writing, as well as building confi dence in expressing ideas and concepts in different subject areas, it can transform our approach to literacy and really raise achievement.” Carole Sullivan, Teaching & Learning Lead and Vicky Hawking, Literacy Lead, Brighton & Hove Secondary Partnership “Talk for Writing is a wildly successful approach to writing for pupils of all ages, well known and practised in primary schools, but now, with this publication by Julia Strong, completely accessible for all secondary teachers. Writing is integral to every subject, usually only the domain of English departments, yet, following the talk for writing approach using this book, teachers will be able to a) signifi cantly raise their students’ test results and b) give them powerful writing skills which can be applied to any subject. The book is a comprehensive manual for raising standards in writing across the secondary curriculum outlining every stage of the process and including cutting edge formative assessment, how to coordinate talk for writing across the whole school and advice about policies. Every subject is given pages and pages of high quality examples of the 5 stages, all drawn from Julia’s work with teachers, and no subject is marginalized. The book is practical, reader-friendly and includes a pack of handouts and a superb DVD. The use of talk for writing across the secondary phase is a very exciting prospect: I highly recommend using this book to make it happen.” Shirley Clarke, Education consultant, Associate of the Institute of Education, University of London, UK 2255445511..iinnddbb vvii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 “This is an excellent resource for schools. High quality writing and the inspiration to make this happen has never been more important. This book will help teachers and school leaders maximise the possibility for young people to improve their writing skills. Julia Strong has extensive and successful knowledge in school improvement and this shines through her highly original and exciting approaches.” Graham Tyrer, Headteacher, Chenderit School, Banbury, UK “ ‘Silent classrooms do not lend themselves to progress,’ the Foreword to this important new book reminds us. What follows is an exceptionally well-informed and practical guide to how high quality talk can lead to high quality writing. I strongly recommend it for all teachers across all subjects.” Geoff Barton, Headteacher of King Edward VI School, Suffolk, UK, author and speaker 2255445511..iinnddbb vviiii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 2255445511..iinnddbb vviiiiii 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033 Contents Foreword x Guided tour xii Subject index of handouts xiv Part 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 1 Introducing the Talk- for- Writing approach 3 Chapter 2 Laying the foundations 21 Part 2: The fi ve steps to adapting units of work to the Talk- for- Writing approach 31 Chapter 3 Step A: Creating exemplar text that builds in progression 33 Chapter 4 Step B: Warming up the words of a unit 38 Chapter 5 Step C: Warming up the phrases of a unit 70 Chapter 6 Step D: Internalising the tune of exemplar text – the basic approach 104 Chapter 7 Step D continued: More sophisticated approaches to internalising the tune of exemplar text 126 Chapter 8 Step E: Consolidating learning to build in progress 198 Part 3: Achieving an effective whole-s chool approach 205 Chapter 9 The fi rst steps to establishing a whole- school approach 207 Chapter 10 Embedding the approach through co- constructing your policy 219 Appendix A case study of how the Talk-for-Writing approach relates to maths 225 2255445511..iinnddbb iixx 2299//0077//22001133 1166::0033
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