T. S. Eliot PDF
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T. S . E L I O T LIVES AND LEGACIES Larzer Ziff MARK TWAIN David S. Reynolds WALT WHITMAN Edwin S. Gaustad ROGER WILLIAMS BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Gale E. Christianson ISAAC NEWTON Paul Addison WINSTON CHURCHILL G. Edward White OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, JR. Craig Raine T. S. ELIOT T . S . E L I O T Craig Raine 2006 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2006 by Craig Raine Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Raine, Craig. T. S. Eliot / Craig Raine. p. cm. — (Lives and legacies) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-19-530993-5 ISBN-10: 0-19-530993-6 1. Eliot, T. S. (Thomas Stearns), 1888–1965. 2. Poets, American—20th century—Biography. 3. Critics—United States—Biography. I. Title. II. Series. PS3509.L43Z8173 2006 821'.912—dc22 2006009856 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Valerie Eliot who brought great happiness to a great poet with love This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix PREFACE xi Introduction ELIOT AND THE BURIED LIFE xix One THE FAILURE TO LIVE 1 Two ELIOT AS CLASSICIST: THE ENQUIRY INTO FEELINGS 41 Three THE WASTE LAND 75 Four FOUR QUARTETS 95 vii Five THE DRAMA 115 Six THE CRITICISM 127 Appendix 1 ELIOT AND ANTI-SEMITISM 149 Appendix 2 TWO FREE TRANSLATIONS BY CRAIG RAINE OF ‘LUNE DE MIEL’ AND ‘DANS LE RESTAURANT’ 179 Appendix 3 AN ELIOT CHRONOLOGY 182 NOTES 190 INDEX 197 viii CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS SEVERAL PEOPLE, all of them more intelligent and learned than me, have read this short book and made shrewd suggestions, which I have acted on. I am very grateful to Mark Griffith, Adam Thirlwell, A. D. Nuttall, Julie Maxwell, Nina Raine, and my wife, Ann Pasternak Slater. ix
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