T Practical Arduino

444 Pages·2010·7.88 MB·English

CYAN YELLOW
MAGENTA BLACK
PANTONE 123 C
Practical Arduino Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION™
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his book was written to demonstrate a variety of Arduino techniques in a practical
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context, giving you an opportunity to learn how the theory and reference material
already available online applies to real-world projects. t
If you’ve come as far as picking up a whole book about Arduino, you’re ready for i
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something more substantial than assembly instructions. You don’t want a simple series
of steps to follow: you want to understand not just how to assemble something, but why a Arduino
it was designed that way in the first place. That’s what this book will give you: you won’t
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just be a color-by-numbers painter; you’ll learn to be a true hardware craftsman and artist,
able to conceptualize, design, and assemble your own creations. A
We want you to take these projects as inspiration and examples of applying a variety
of handy techniques and then adapt them to suit your own requirements, coming up r
with inspiration and new ideas that put ours to shame. And we hope that you’ll then
d
share your creations with us and with the world, inspiring others in turn. By following
through the projects in this book, you will gain a number of insights into the flexibility of
Arduino as a platform for taking software and hardware and linking them to the physical u
Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
world around us.
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LEARN IN-DEPTH ARDUINO
Also available: TECHNIQUES USING
REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
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ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8 US $39.99 inOx
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Shelve in Hardware sr
User level: Beginning–Advanced Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
SOURCE CODE ONLINE
9 781430 224778 www.apress.com
this print for content only—size & color not accurate trim size = 7.5" x 9.25" spine = 0.859" 448 page count
Practical Arduino
Cool Projects for
Open Source Hardware

(cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:132)
Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
Copyright © 2009 by Jonathan Oxer and Hugh Blemings
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
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ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2477-8
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2478-5
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Cover picture of Arduino Duemilanove used with permission of SparkFun Electronics.
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For everyone who looks at the everyday objects around them and sees the potential of what they could
become.
ii
Contents at a Glance
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
(cid:132) Chapter 9: Speech Synthesizer...........................................................................139
(cid:132) Chapter 10: Water Flow Gauge...........................................................................163
(cid:132) Chapter 11: Oscilloscope/Logic Analyzer...........................................................185
(cid:132) Chapter 12: Water Tank Depth Sensor................................................................209
(cid:132) Chapter 13: Weather Station Receiver................................................................239
(cid:132) Chapter 14: RFID Access Control System...........................................................269
(cid:132) Chapter 15: Vehicle Telemetry Platform.............................................................295
(cid:132) Chapter 16: Resources........................................................................................383
(cid:132) Index...................................................................................................................405
iv
Contents
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................1
Sharing Your Work.............................................................................................................1
Practical Electronics for Software Developers..................................................................1
Current, Voltage, and Power.....................................................................................................................2
Mains Is Nasty..........................................................................................................................................2
Reading Schematics.................................................................................................................................3
Resistance and Resistors.........................................................................................................................6
Ohm’s Law and Current Limiting..............................................................................................................7
Choosing Wire...........................................................................................................................................8
Diodes.......................................................................................................................................................8
Power Supplies.........................................................................................................................................9
USB Power...........................................................................................................................................9
Batteries............................................................................................................................................10
Wall Warts/Plugpacks........................................................................................................................11
v
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Capacitance and Capacitors...................................................................................................................11
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................................11
Capacitor Types.................................................................................................................................12
Power Supply Bypass........................................................................................................................13
ESD Precautions.....................................................................................................................................13
Tools.......................................................................................................................................................13
Parts.......................................................................................................................................................14
Further Reading......................................................................................................................................15
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
Parts Required.................................................................................................................17
Instructions......................................................................................................................19
Test and Investigate Appliance Remote.................................................................................................19
Assemble Reed Relay Shield..................................................................................................................21
Connect Reed Relay Shield to Remote Control.......................................................................................25
Create Reed Relay Control Program.......................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControl...................................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControlCompact.....................................................................................................30
Test Reed Relay Shield and Sketch........................................................................................................32
Variations.........................................................................................................................34
Wireless Link..........................................................................................................................................34
Automatic Trigger...................................................................................................................................34
Socket Connections................................................................................................................................35
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
Parts Required.................................................................................................................37
Instructions......................................................................................................................39
Assemble Prototyping Shield..................................................................................................................39
Connect Camera Shutter Release...........................................................................................................39
Remote Shutter Release Connector...................................................................................................40
vi
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Infrared Remote Control....................................................................................................................42
Modify Camera..................................................................................................................................43
Configure Camera...................................................................................................................................44
Calculate Photo Interval..........................................................................................................................44
Configure and Load Sketch....................................................................................................................44
Check Memory Capacity.........................................................................................................................48
Set Up Your Shoot...................................................................................................................................48
Process the Images................................................................................................................................48
Linux..................................................................................................................................................48
Windows............................................................................................................................................48
Macintosh..........................................................................................................................................49
Variations.........................................................................................................................49
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
Parts Required.................................................................................................................51
Instructions......................................................................................................................53
Populate Prototyping Shield...................................................................................................................53
Prepare the UsbKeyboard Library...........................................................................................................56
Compile and Upload Sketch....................................................................................................................57
Variations.........................................................................................................................61
Chording Keyboard.................................................................................................................................61
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
Parts Required.................................................................................................................63
Instructions......................................................................................................................64
PS/2 Connections...................................................................................................................................65
Recycled 6-Pin Mini-DIN Sockets...........................................................................................................66
6-Pin Mini-DIN Panel Sockets................................................................................................................67
PS/2 Extension Cable..............................................................................................................................69
Keyboard Software.................................................................................................................................73
vii
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Mouse Software.....................................................................................................................................76
Variations................................................................................................................................................79
Barcode Reader for a Stock Control System.....................................................................................79
Resources........................................................................................................................80
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
Parts Required.................................................................................................................82
Instructions......................................................................................................................84
Security Sensor Basics...........................................................................................................................84
Assemble Four-Channel Alarm Sensor Shield........................................................................................87
Install End-of-Line Resistors on Sensor.................................................................................................92
Load Test Program.................................................................................................................................95
PIR Placement........................................................................................................................................98
Variations.........................................................................................................................98
Visual Display Written in Processing......................................................................................................98
Home Security System...........................................................................................................................99
Multiple Buttons on One Input................................................................................................................99
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
Parts Required...............................................................................................................101
Instructions....................................................................................................................103
Mount PCB Plugs on Shield..................................................................................................................103
Connect Data Lines...............................................................................................................................105
Assemble Sensors................................................................................................................................106
Load Program................................................................................................................108
Variations.......................................................................................................................119
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
Parts Required...............................................................................................................122
Instructions....................................................................................................................123
How Resistive Touch Screens Work.....................................................................................................123
viii
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Basic Touch Screen Connection Test...................................................................................................126
Arduino TouchScreen Library...............................................................................................................128
Controlling a “Processing” Program.....................................................................................................128
Construct Hardware for Home Automation Control Panel....................................................................131
Calibrate Hot Zones..............................................................................................................................134
Mount Arduino......................................................................................................................................137
(cid:132) Chapter 9: Speech Synthesizer...........................................................................139
Parts Required...............................................................................................................140
Instructions....................................................................................................................142
Speech Output Signal...........................................................................................................................142
Beginning Assembly.............................................................................................................................143
SpeakJet PWM "Audio" Output............................................................................................................144
Quick Test.............................................................................................................................................145
Fit Status Indicators..............................................................................................................................145
Making a Line-Level Output Cable........................................................................................................148
On-Board Amplifier...............................................................................................................................149
Speech Synthesizer Software...............................................................................................................151
Create Your Own Messages..................................................................................................................153
Variations.......................................................................................................................160
Read SpeakJet Status..........................................................................................................................160
Resources......................................................................................................................161
(cid:132) Chapter 10: Water Flow Gauge...........................................................................163
Parts Required...............................................................................................................164
Instructions....................................................................................................................165
Replace Sensor Connector...................................................................................................................165
Prepare Prototyping Shield...................................................................................................................166
Prepare LCD Module.............................................................................................................................168
Fit LCD to Case.....................................................................................................................................171
ix