Systems Engineering for Microscale and Nanoscale Technologies

566 Pages·2017·12.455 MB·English

by  Ann Darrin

Civil & Mechanical Engineering
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To realize the full potential of micro- and nanoscale devices in system building,
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it is critical to develop systems engineering methodologies that successfully t r
integrate stand-alone, small-scale technologies that can effectively interface h in
with the macro world.
So how do we accomplish this?
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Systems Engineering for Microscale and Nanoscale Technologies is perhaps o
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the first handbook to concentrate on the use of systems engineering at the micro r

and nano levels. One major roadblock to this process is a generally limited M
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understanding of exactly how to apply systems engineering principles and
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management processes to the integration of newer, small-scale technologies. c
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Focusing on this problem of consolidating disciplines, contributors illustrate t
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the interdependence between nanotechnology and systems engineering, making
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it easier for experts from these two distinct fields to understand and optimize
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their application of the other. To help readers from these different domains m
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successfully combine heterogeneous, mixed-scale elements, contributors e
assess the evolution of micro- and nanoscale technology development and
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its impact on everything from laboratory concepts to actualized products in s
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health, automotive, aerospace, communication, and many other fields. The
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book outlines new approaches to developing smart systems. It also clarifies the

capabilities of micro- and nanotechnologies, including how they interface with NE
each other and with macro systems. a
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Edited by highly regarded technologists, this introductory resource includes o
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insightful contributions from leading minds in areas including nanotechnology, s
physics, systems engineering, materials science, chemistry, electrical engineer- c
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ing, and futurism, among others. The result is a masterfully designed, inter- a
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related collection of multidisciplinary expertise to help readers optimize future l
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technologies.
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About the Editors: e
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M. Ann Garrison Darrin is managing executive of the Space Department at the
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Applied Physics Laboratory at The Johns Hopkins University. r
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Janet L. Barth is chief of the Electrical Engineering Division (EED) at NASA’s oi
Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). ln
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K11692
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ISBN: 978-1-4398-3732-0
90000
www.crcpress.com
9 781439 837320
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K11692 cvr mech.indd 1 10/26/11 12:53 PM
Systems
Engineering
for Microscale and
Nanoscale Technologies

Systems
Engineering
for Microscale and
Nanoscale Technologies
M. Ann Garrison Darrin and Janet L. Barth
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2012 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 2011915
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-3735-1 (eBook - PDF)
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Contents
Preface....................................................................................ix
Contributors..........................................................................xi
Acknowledgments.............................................................xiii
PART 1 Systems Engineering Methodologies
Chapter.1:.Systems.Engineering.for.Micro-.and.
Nanoscale.Technologies.......................................................5
Janet L. Barth and M. Ann Garrison Darrin
Chapter.2:.Introduction.to.Systems.Engineering........23
Elinor Fong
Chapter.3:.Systems.Engineering.in.Technology.
Development.Phases............................................................51
D.Y. Kusnierkiewicz
Chapter.4:.Agile.Systems.Engineering...........................71
Timothy G. McGee
Bethany M. McGee
PART 2 Technology Development Process
Chapter.5:.Scaling.............................................................105
Stergios J. Papadakis
Chapter.6:.Micro.Electro.Mechanical.
Systems—Systems.Engineering’s.Transition.
into.the.Nanoworld.............................................................137
Robert Osiander
Chapter.7:.Introduction.to.Nanotechnology................173
Jennifer L. Sample
Chapter.8:.Nanoscale.Systems—Top-Down.
Assembly..............................................................................197
Jeffrey P. Maranchi
v
vi Contents
Chapter.9:.Nanoscale.Systems—Bottom-Up.
Assembly..............................................................................237
Jason Benkoski
PART 3 Systems Engineering Process
Elements
Chapter.10:.Modeling.and.Simulation.in.the.
Small.World.........................................................................281
Morgan Trexler and John Thomas
Chapter.11:.Interfaces.at.the.Micro-.and.Nanoscale.....325
Jennifer Breidenich
Chapter.12:.Systems.Reliability.....................................351
O. Manuel Uy
Chapter.13:.Test.and.Evaluation.Techniques.
from.Very-Large-Scale.Integration.(VLSI).to.
New.Developments.in.Micro-.and.Nanoscale.
Technology.(MNT).............................................................383
William Paulsen
Chapter.14:.Developing.and.Implementing.Robust.
Micro-.and.Nanoscale.Technology.Programs.............407
Janet L. Barth
PART 4 Systems Engineering
Applications—Toward the Future
Chapter.15:.Future.Generations.of.Nanotechnology...439
M. Ann Garrison Darrin and Janet L. Barth
Chapter.16:.Biomedical.Microsystems..........................451
Brian Jamieson and Jennette Mateo
Chapter.17:.Stability.and.Uncertainty.
in.Self-Assembled.Systems..............................................487
I.K. Ashok Sivakumar
Contents vii
Chapter.18:.The.Role.of.Mechanoevolution.
in.Predicting.the.Future.of.Micro-.and.
Nanoscale.Technologies...................................................505
Bradley Layton

Preface
Technology development on the microscale and nanoscale has
transitioned from laboratory curiosity to the realization of
products in the health, automotive, aerospace, communication
fields, and numerous other arenas. As technology developers,
the editors saw a need to bring together a multidisciplinary
team to develop a handbook for product development man-
agers, technology researchers, and systems engineers. This
handbook is a first step in exploring the application of systems
engineering to small-scale systems. The editors understand
that MNT has multiple meanings. Here we use it to repre-
sent micro- and nanoscale technologies and not the often-
used molecular nanotechnology. Also, it is intentional that we
have not spent a great deal of time discussing microcircuits
but rather have concentrated our efforts on MNTs as a less
mature and advanced field.
Developing systems engineering methodologies that inte-
grate stand-alone, small-scale technologies and interface
them with macrotechnologies to build useful systems is criti-
cal to realizing the potential of micro- and nanoscale devices.
A barrier to the infusion of the micro- and nanotechnologies
into systems is a lack of insight into how to apply systems
engineering principles and management processes to the
integration of small-scale technologies. The result of this
first-step book is the provision of practical guidance for sys-
tems engineers in the development of micro- and nanotech-
nologies. For nonconventional micro- and nanoscale systems,
the systems engineer must also be knowledgeable about
the roles of nonconventional disciplines, such as quantum
mechanics, quantum chemistry, solid-state physics, materi-
als science, and chemistry, in the development of small-scale
systems. The results are also targeted toward small-scale
technology developers who need to take into account sys-
tems engineering processes, such as requirements definition,
product verification and validation, interface management,
and risk management, in the concept phase of technology
ix