Systemic Governance and Accountability: Working and Re-Working the Conceptual and Spatial Boundaries

477 Pages·2006·4.341 MB·English

by  Janet McIntyre-Mills (eds.)

TITLE OF SERIES:
C. WEST CHURCHMAN
LEGACY AND RELATED WORKS
VOLUME 3: SYSTEMIC GOVERNANCE AND
ACCOUNTABILITY
Working and Re-Working theConceptualand SpatialBoundaries
C. West Churchman and Related Works Series
SeriesEditor–John P.VanGigch
Professor Emeritus,CaliforniaStateUniversity
Volume1:
RESCUINGTHEENLIGHTENMENTFROMITSELF:
CriticalandSystemicImplicationsforDemocracy
Editor:JanetMcIntyre-Mills
Volume2:
WISDOM,KNOWLEDGEANDMANAGEMENT
Editor:John P.VanGigch,incollaborationwith
JanetMcIntyre-Mills
Volume3:
SYSTEMICGOVERNANCEANDACCOUNTABILITY:
Workingand Re-WorkingtheConceptualandSpatialBoundaries
Editor:JanetMcIntyre-Mills
CoverdesignbySusanneBagnato,aGraphicDesignerinAdelaide,Australia
Contactdetailsare:[email protected]
TITLE OF SERIES: C. WEST CHURCHMAN
LEGACY AND RELATED WORKS
VOLUME 3: SYSTEMIC GOVERNANCE AND
ACCOUNTABILITY
Working and Re-Working the Conceptual and
Spatial Boundaries
SeriesEditor: JohnP.van Gigch
Professor Emeritus,California StateUniversity,USA
Volume3:Janet McIntyre-Mills,Editor
FlindersInstituteof PublicPolicyandManagement, Australia
JanetMcIntyre-Mills
FlindersUniversity
Adelaide,Australia
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006936084
ISBN-10:0-387-48671-2(HB) ISBN-10:0-387-48674-7(e-book)
ISBN-13:978-0-387-48671-0(HB) ISBN-13:978-0-387-48674-1(e-book)
Printedonacid-freepaper.
©2006bySpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC
Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpart
withoutthewrittenpermissionofthepublisher(SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,
LLC,233SpringStreet,NewYork,NY10013,USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsin
connectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysis.Useinconnectionwithanyformof
information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
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The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar
terms, even if the are not identifiedas such,is not to be taken as an expression of
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springer.com
CONTENTS
Prologue XVII
1 Introduction:SystemicGovernanceforParticipatoryDesign
andAccountability 1
1.1 Vignette:ReconsideringGovernanceandInternational
Relations 1
1.2 TheRelevanceofSystemicDesigntoGovernance 11
1.3 DialogueandEthicalGovernance 18
1.4 ThePraxisofSystemic,SustainableGovernance 26
1.5 MolarandMolecularIdentitiesandKnowledges 33
1.6 WhenisAustraliaAustralia? 36
2 PowerandPraxisforSocialandEnvironmentalJustice 39
2.1 StrivingforBalance 39
2.2 WorkingandRe-WorkingtheBoundariesofKnowledge
InternationalRelationsandGovernancethrough
Questioning 46
2.2.1 DesignandTransformation:ScanningthePolicyandGovernance
Horizons 46
2.2.2 ConsideringBondsBoundariesandNorms 47
2.3 EnhancingParticipatoryDemocracy 57
2.4 AppreciatingComplexitywhenMakingPublicPolicy
throughSystemicLearningandLivedExperience 60
2.5 ChallengesforParticipatoryDemocracy 61
2.6 Accountability,SelfInterestandtheWilltoParticipate 62
2.7 Methodology 65
3 Knowledge,IdentityandCulture:MolarandMolecular
IdentityandPolitics 69
3.1 AppreciatingDiversityforRiskManagement 69
3.1.1 FacilitationStyles 70
3.2 AnOverviewofCriticalSystemsThinkingandPractice
(CSP) 75
3.2.1 AccountabilityandComplexityThinking 76
3.2.2 FacilitatingtheCSPLearningProcess 78
VI Contents
4 TheDesignofanInquirySystemforSystemicGovernance 83
4.1 Introduction:C.WestChurchmanandSystemicPraxis 83
4.2 RelevanceofCritical,SystemicThinkingandPracticeto
GovernanceinAustraliaandInternationally 86
4.3 CriticalSystemicPraxis,DramaticNarrative,Participatory
ActionResearchandKnowledgeCreation:Relevancefor
Governance 89
4.4 EnteringtheMetatheoreticalDomain 92
4.4.1 ConstructingaMandalaofKnowledge 94
4.5 Bateson’sApproachtoWorkingtheBoundaries 97
4.6 ImplicationsofAssumptionsforThinkingandPractice 99
4.7 TheTetradappliedbyMcLuhanandPowers 101
4.8 WestChurchman’s‘Sweepingin’and‘Unfolding’
Approach 102
4.9 ThinkingaboutTheoryandMethodology:Banathy’sMaps
ofOntologyandEpistemology 104
4.10 Mindfulness,PolicyMakingandGovernance 107
4.11 Dey’sComplementaryApproachtoMethodology 107
4.11.1 RichPictures 109
4.12 TheIterativeResearchCycleanditsRelevanceto
ParticipatoryDesign 111
4.12.1 ThePOMAApproach:QuestioningasaProcessforAddressing
Perspectives,MethodsandAreasofConcern 111
4.12.2 BigPictureandSmallPictureDesign 111
4.12.3 DesignofInquiringSystems:AChecklistforParticipatoryDesign
CriteriaforPolicyandManagement 112
4.12.4 AChecklistforEffectiveResearch 113
4.12.5 TheIterativeResearchCycleanditsRelevancetoParticipatory
Design 113
4.13 GroupworkandModelingRespectfulCommunicationfor
ProblemSolving 115
Part2.SHAPINGOURSELVESANDOURFUTURES:
VignettesandCaseStudiesfromAustralia,AfricaandAsia 119
5 SystemicGovernancefromMode1toMode2
Consciousness 125
5.1 ChoosingHowWeliveourLivesattheLocalLevel 125
5.1.1 AppreciatingComplexityWhenMakingPublicPolicythrough
SystemicLearningandLivedExperience 125
Contents VII
5.2 Bonds,BoundariesandNorms:MakingaDifference
throughBeingtheChange 126
5.2.1 ChoosingWellBeing 126
5.3 TheFutureDirectionofGovernance;CriticalSystemic
PraxistoScaleupParticipationthroughCommunity
Networks 131
5.3.1 CommunicationandParticipationforGovernance 133
5.3.2 ThePraxisofSystemic,SustainableGovernance 138
5.3.3 VignetteofaSystemicApproach 141
5.3.4 Time,Place,‘KnowHow’andtheSystemicApproach 149
5.4 Culture,DiagnosisandMentalHealth:IndigenousHealing
NetworksinApartheidSouthAfrica:AnExampleofa
Complex,wickedProblem 152
6 Subsidiarity,SustainabilityandRegionalism 161
6.1 LinkingtheLocalandtheRegionalPatches 161
6.2 EmpoweredDemocracywithinNationalBoundaries 161
6.3 EuropeanUnionModelofFederalism 161
6.3.1 TheHijabandCulturalValues 165
7 TraversingtheDivide:Knowledge,Representationand
Power 169
7.1 CaseStudy1:TheResponsibilityofthePolicyResearcher 169
7.1.1 WelfarePoliciesandPower 175
7.1.2 TheConceptsofChildandChildhood 177
7.1.3 TheConceptofWork 178
7.1.4 WelfarePolicies 179
7.1.5 ReasonsGivenbytheChildrenforWorkingontheStreet 182
7.2 Casestudy2:ConstructivistApproachestoPolicyChange 188
7.3 Casestudy3:PromotionofLifeChances 193
7.4 Casestudy4:InvolvingExOffendersinCrimePrevention 197
7.4.1 ProcessandItsRelevancetoParticipants 198
7.5 Conclusion:ConsideringImprisonmentandDiscourseson
PrisonManagement 199
7.5.1 ACommentontheImplicationsforDemocracy,
theEnlightenmentandOpenSystems 199
8 NewLeadershipforDesigningtheFutureofPublic
Education 201
8.1 Introduction:ContextandOverview 202
8.2 ComplexSystems,CultureandEducationalReform 204
8.2.1 DefinitionsofOldandNewScience 204
VIII Contents
8.2.2 ParticipatoryDesignistheGoal 205
8.3 AssumptionsandCoreConceptsoftheLearningEdge
LeadershipStrategy 206
8.3.1 ProcessandCoreAssumptionsoftheStrategy 206
8.4 ReflectiononCompartmentalisedandSystemic
Approaches 206
8.5 PracticalRecommendations 208
9 GroundedKnowledge:Power,Powerlessnessand
aCommunityResponse 211
9.1 PurposeoftheResearch 213
9.1.1 PhasesoftheResearch 213
9.1.2 OngoingProcessofCo-creationandCapacityBuilding 213
9.2 IssuesRaisedbyStaffandVolunteers 214
9.3 ServiceUsers 215
9.4 AnalysisandRecommendations 216
9.5 SuggestionsfromStafftoOvercometheChallenges 218
9.5.1 KnowledgeManagementtoAddressComplexProblems 220
10 GroundedKnowledge:Power,Powerlessnessand
aCommunityResponse 225
10.1 Introduction 225
10.2 DesignofInquiringSystemtoEnhanceSocialInclusion
andGovernance 225
10.3 SystemicConcepetualisation,CategoricalThinkingand
Slippage 226
10.4 APanningShotoftheCaseStudiestoGiveInsightson
AustralianGovernance 228
10.4.1 AustralianGovernanceandtheNeedforHolisticPracticeand
JoinedupThinking 228
10.5 ACloseupShotoftheCaseStudies:TheExperiential
BasisfortheConceptualDesign 229
10.6 Casestudy1:SettingupaCommunityofPracticeforState
Government 229
10.6.1 PotentialofSystemicTechniques:JoininguptheKnowledge
PatchworkforEthicalGovernance 241
10.6.2 SuggestionstoOvercometheChallengesthroughKnowledge
ManagementandCapacityBuilding 241
10.7 Casestudy2:AnAboriginalHousingAssociation 242
10.7.1 MappingtheContext 244
10.7.2 GoodGovernanceProcesses 256
Contents IX
10.7.3 TheRelationshipbetweenOntology,EpistemologyandSystemic
Praxis(ThinkingandPractice) 256
10.7.4 SpiritualWellbeingasaHolisticConcepttoHealFragmented
ThinkingandPractice 258
10.7.5 SpiritualWellbeingnotSocialCapital:ACommunityofPractice
ApproachtoParticipatoryPolicyDesignandGovernance 258
10.8 Casestudy3:ParticipatoryPlanning,ComputerDesignand
StrategicPartnershipstoaddressComplex,Health,
HousingandSocialInclusionIssues 259
10.8.1 StatementoftheProblem 261
10.8.2 RationalefortheResearch 263
10.8.3 Aims,ObjectivesandFocus 264
10.8.4 PolicyContext 265
10.8.5 ParticipatoryActionResearchandActionLearning 269
10.8.6 Women’sStories 282
10.8.7 Men’sStories 288
10.8.8 GenericversusSpecificServicesforAboriginalmaleAustralians 292
10.9 Conclusion 296
11 CapacityBuildingandStrivingforSystemicWellbeing 301
11.1 Vignette:SystemicApproachtoEnergyandWomen’s
EmpowermentinRuralNepal 301
11.1.1 WhyisaSystemicApproachAppropriate? 302
11.1.2 Nepal’sRuralEnergyDevelopmentProgram 304
11.1.3 DesignandMethodology 305
11.1.4 Conclusion 305
11.2 Vignette:Microfinance:WhoBearsthePrice? 305
11.3 Barangays,LensesandLandownersinRuralSamar 307
11.3.1 TheContext:AHurricane,aCrashintheCopraCommodities
Market,DomesticViolenceandDynamitingaCoralReef 310
11.3.2 ASanitationProjectBecomesaFlowerPotCompetition 311
11.4 Health,Water,SanitationandGovernance 312
11.4.1 TheFirstStepsawayfromApartheidPlanninginSouthAfrica 312
11.4.2 WomenandDevelopment:Water,SanitationandDeepTrench
Gardening:AStoryofParticipatoryActionResearch 313
11.5 Conclusion:FromStrategicPlanningtoParticipatory
Design 315
12 InternationalRelationsandGovernance 317
12.1 RecognisingtheArchetypeoftheBoomerangAffect 321
12.1.1 Power,EnergyandInternationalRelations 321
12.1.2 ShortTermFixesthatBackfire 322
12.1.3 ShiftingtheBlameandDenyingthe‘EnemyWithin’ 323
X Contents
12.2 ProblemDefinitionsandNarrowEthics 327
12.3 Cambodia:AVignette 330
12.3.1 Introduction 330
12.3.2 TheRepublicanRegime1970-75:ACreationfortheUnited
State’sVietnamizationoftheVietnamWar? 332
12.3.3 The‘New’KingdomofCambodia1993-Present:AShifttowards
Democracy 335
12.3.4 Conclusion 336
13 NewDemocracywithoutBoundaries:SystemicLearningfor
Transformation 339
13.1 PraxisTests 343
13.2 DesigninganInquiringSystemforSystemicGovernance 349
13.2.1 Accountability,TacitKnowledgeandGovernance 356
13.2.2 EvolvingProcessesofDiscourses:LessonsfromExperience 360
13.2.3 Complexity,TransdisciplinarityandContext 361
13.2.4 AddressingFundamentalismthroughaParticipatoryDesign
Process 362
13.3 CapacityBuildingandActionLearningtoExplore
ParticipatoryProcessesforInclusiveDemocracy 368
13.3.1 PraxisforDemocracy 370
13.3.2 LearningsfromtheEngagement 370
14 Conclusion 373
14.1 SystemicGovernanceArchitecture 373
14.1.1 ACaseStudyApproachtoComplexity 374
14.2 NewTimes–SocialMovementsandSystemic
Governance 374
14.3 PraxisforShapingNewTimesBasedonAppreciatingthe
ThreeWorlds 375
14.3.1 CoreCompetenciesRequiredforGoodGovernance 376
14.4 ParticipatoryPolicyDesign:AnAntidotetoPostwelfarism 377
14.5 Summingup:SystemicGovernanceforAccountabilityand
RiskManagement 379
14.5.1 FromNonRenewablestoRenewables 380
14.5.2 SystemicGovernance:Consciousness,CareTakingand
Compassion 381
GlossaryandDefinitionsofConcepts 383
References 399
Index 423