System Foundations of Non-Rocket Near Space Industrialization: Problems, Ideas, Projects

286 Pages·2021·77.282 MB·English

by  Аnatoli Unitsky

Anatoli Unitsky
System Foundations
of Non-Rocket
Near Space Industrialization:
Problems, Ideas, Projects
Anatoli Unitsky
System Foundations
of Non-Rocket Near Space
Industrialization:
Problems, Ideas, Projects
Table of Contents
Ultimate Inventions for Ultimate World Design 6
For the Benefit of the Entire Earthling 10
Preface to the Research Monograph
on “System Foundations of Non-Rocket Near Space Industrialization:
Problems, Ideas, Projects” 13
Glossary of Terms and Definitions Used in the Monograp 20
Fundamental. Global. Constructive
Technosphere 2.1 –
Rebooting Earth Industry Development Towards the Space Vector 25
1. Modern Challenges of Industrial Development
and Space-Directed Ways to Solve Them 69
2. Analysing Prospects of Employment
of Rockets and Non-Rocket Geospace Transport Technologies
for Space Industrialization 103
3. Creative Constructivism of EcoSpace Megasystem
Design and Development: Engineering Creativity with Modern TRIZ –
Reinventing and Perspectives 113
4. Key Aspects of Project and Construction Management
of Astroengineering Systems 121
5. Water-Based Ocean Sections with Floating Overpass
for the General Planetary Vehicle 135
6. Overpassing of the General Planetary Vehicle Elevated Track Structure 23. Development of Social, Political, and Legal Foundation
Through the Mountains of South America and Africa 153 for the Programme of Space Industrialization 433
7. Mathematical Modelling of Flywheels of the General Planetary Vehicle 166 24. Feasibility Study of the Investment Project
“Non-Rocket Near Space Industrialization”
8. Features of Functioning of the General Planetary Vehicle as a Tool of Saving Earth’s Biosphere 455
Flywheel Propulsor and General Requirements Thereto 186
25. Justification of the Economic and Socio-Political Effectivene
9. Use of Hydrogen in Outer Space: Past, Present, and Future 197 of the SpaceWay Subprogramme for Participating Countries 487
10. Methods to Convert Solar Radiation Energy into Electricity 26. Localisation of Industrial Facilities
for Needs of Industrial Space Necklace “Orbit” 210 in the Circular Equatorial Near-Earth Orbit 500
11. Atmospheric Pressure Drop Effect Inside Residential Space Objecs 222 27. The Emergence of Industry 4.0 Technologies
as Key Driver of Supply Chain Innovation for Geocosmic Systems 515
12. Design Elements of Residential Space Cluster EcoCosmoHouse
and Their Performance Assessment 233 28. Innovation-Driven Business Models
and Novel Forms of Business Management 526
13. Options of EcoCosmoHouse Structural Solutions 240
29. Team Matrix Formation for Success of SpecificWorking Conditions 541
14. Principles of Building a Healthy Environment for Human Life,
Work, Development, and Recreation in EcoCosmoHouse 254 30. Selection of Funding Sources for Non-Profit Foundation EcoSpac 558
15. Organisation of the Internal Space
of Touristic Cylindrical EcoCosmoHouse 261
16. Principles for Establishment
of EcoCosmoHouse on Planet Earth 282
17. Method of Recruitment of Specialists Ensuring the Effectivenes
of EcoCosmoHouse on Planet Earth 305
18. United Digital Economic Model for Management
of EcoCosmoHouse on Planet Earth 321
19. EcoCosmoHouse Biosphere Key Elements:
Integrations, Interactions, and Diversity Support 336
20. Special Role of Food as a Building Material
for Human Body in Enclosed Biosphere with Limited Dimensions 360
21. Soil and Its Role in Enclosed System Operation 371
22. Some Aspects of Maintaining Enсlosed Ecosystem in Healthy State 406
8 9
Ultimate Inventions sional and amateur spokesmen for society apparently assume that the political battles
will persist until man annihilates himself... We don’t agree. We think that… political
for Ultimate World Design
chaos will fade out – in ways entirely unpremeditated by political man – as the inven-
tion order looms in. Geosocial Revolution explores the possibility that the non-po-
litical surprise has already occurred and will soon be increasingly visible to all…
The ultimate revolution, now to be resolved only by scientificinventing and engi-
Preface by Review Editor neering competence of the young world in general, instead of by the now outmoded
and obsolete political initiatives.
Revolution by design and invention is the only revolution tolerable to all men,
all societies, and all political systems anywhere.”
Two ideas of A. Unitsky are ultimate inventions and cannot be copied or blocked
by other patents. The priority of these inventions will remain in the history of civi-
lization forever associated with his name.
This is Unitsky String Technologies (UST) and the double idea – General Plane-
tary Vehicle (GPV) and Industrial Space Necklace “Orbit” (ISN “Orbit”).
The firstidea3 allows connecting the “arterial” passenger and cargo flow
of all continents in an integrated network, elevated above the ground, with use
Throughout the history of civilization, the concept of universal peace and the equi- of the Unitsky String Technologies. This provides ultimate functional and economic
table distribution of all the resources of the planet Earth for all inhabitants efficiency with maximum throughput of global “arterial” flo
of the planet has not been the leading idea of the growth and development of civili- The second pioneer idea4 also performed on the basis of the UST, opens the way
zation. On the contrary, earlier and to this day, Western civilization is guided exclu- for civilization to build a stationary inhabited and industrial ring in the near outer
sively by the concept of war, the egocentric seizure of resources, and the unbridled space around the planet, and also provides the transport communication of ultimate
growth of the wealth of just tiny handful under the most difficul conditions of the sur- throughput between the space industrial ring and the Earth’s surface.
vival and existence of the vast majority of others. Here one should immediately answer the fundamental question – why the “path
Archaic political behaviour, growing out of total greediness and ignorance, without missiles”? From childhood, we all knew and admired only one way of going
and immoral economic practice directly led and continue to lead the planet to envi- out into space – rocket! The author provides a convincing answer to this ques-
ronmental destruction, not to mention the ongoing accumulation of warfare means, tion: the tremendous inefficienc of the rocket method of transporting cargo into
that can destroy the entire planet in a matter of hours. Trillions of dollars are annu- orbit. So, rocket transportation cannot solve the problem of ultimate “world design”
ally withdrawn from the common heritage of mankind, do not serve to increase to build inhabited and industrial environment in near outer space.
the well-being of the inhabitants of the planet, and in the literal sense of the word Ultimate author’s solution allows integrating the carrying capacity of thousands
are thrown into a black hole in the form of irrevocable weapons debris. of missiles in one system launch, which is impossible over to energy and ecological
G. Wallas wrote about this1 a 100 years ago: “Men have recently increased restrictions when using traditional rocket technologies. It is very useful to read this
their power over Nature, without increasing the control of that power by thought. book already just to get acquainted with these amazing estimations.
We can make war more efficient , but cannot prevent war; we can explore the world, A. Unitsky has been developing these ideas for over 40 years and is currently con-
but cannot contrive an interracial world policy; and the same want of intellectual ducting extensive designing and experimental research. Knowing the ideas and life
control exists, within each nation, in politics, philosophy, and art. We require, there- path of A. Unitsky for over 25 years, I must say that although the author’s resources are
fore, both more effectivethinking on particular problems, and an improved art in no way comparable to the resources, for example, E. Musk, J. Bezos, or R. Branson,
of thought, in which scientificexplanation may overtake and guide empirical rules.” but it was A. Unitsky who invented and develops the ultimate ideas of the “space ring”
After 40 years B. Fuller, the remarkable inventor and visionary, who coined term and the fastest and most efficien land transport in the form of string roads, including
Spaceship Earth, foresaw the way2 in which ultimate “world design” could be carried inside a vacuum pipe, by analogy with the idea of K. Tsiolkovsky.
out in order to eliminate the danger of self-destruction of civilization: “Both profes-
3 The network of string roads is being developed under the designation TransNet at the company
1 Wallas, G.: The Art of Thought. Harcourt, Brace & Company, New York (1926). Unitsky String Technologies Inc. – NB by M. O.
2 Fuller, B.: World Design Science Decade, 1965–1975. https://www.bfi.og/design-science/primer/ 4 The space industrial ring is being developed as the Industrial Space Necklace “Orbit” at another com-
world-design-science-decade. Accessed 15 Jul 2020. pany Astroengineering Technologies LLC. – NB by M. O.
10 11
On the whole, these achievements make it possible to compare the selflessdevo- principle proposed back in the 1950s by Soviet physicists. The 20 bln USD pro-
tion of A. Unitsky with the life path of K. Tsiolkovsky, who also created his outstand- ject is nearing completion to become the prototype for many Suns on Earth.
ing ultimate ideas in extremely limited conditions. This means that a non-rocket construction of near-Earth space industrialization
The monograph, addressed to the general reader, shows a broad systemic cove- according to Unitsky’s concept is also possible to save the planet and ensure “eter-
rage of research and design works, demonstrates the commitment of the author nal” prosperity for Spaceship Earth.
and the teams led by him to the principles of global efficien , planetary safety, I am sure that readers will findin this book many surprisingly unexpected
and future prosperity. and interesting facts, deep thoughts, and wonderful technical ideas, and possibly
As far as I know, this monograph is the firstin the history of technology that see a future for their activity.
offersand explores quite realistic ways – principles, technologies, and construc-
tions – for organising the life of people in near outer space. This can also largely Michael Orloff (Berlin, Germany)
solve the problem of preserving the natural habitat of people on the planet, prevent- Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences in two specialties:
ing further pollution of the planet, leading to irreversible catastrophic consequences. Computer Engineering and Computer-Aided Design Systems,
There are many important issues to be investigated and dozens and hundreds Founder and Head of the Academy
of future problems to get inventive solutions. But the principle of a self-moving of Instrumental Modern TRIZ
vehicle up and down for the connection of the planet’s surface with near space
is already invented by A. Unitsky, which means appearance of hope that humanity
already has the opportunity to move to a new level of its development.
It is clear that this requires the united effortsof all civilization, the planetary inte-
gration of all types of resources, the unconditional rejection of hostility and compe-
tition for resources, the postulation of the concept of “Ultimate Peace”.
But it may be that precisely the invention of Unitsky’s idea will become the sti-
mulus and constructive goal for the transition of civilization to the path of non-mili-
taristic development, the only one worthy of the human mind, to the ultimate, “eter-
nal”, peaceful branch of evolution.
In the words of the author, head of the direction of non-rocket space industria-
lization, inventor A. Unitsky: “We did not inherit the Earth from our ancestors; we
borrowed it from our descendants. We have to work out this duty. Otherwise, we
will not have any future for everyone: the Earth’s technocratic civilization will dis-
appear as a failed experiment of the Universe.
The planet is one big room that does not even have partitions. Many centuries
ago the primitive people and their leaders burned firesin their caves and died of lung
cancer at the age of 20. They were able to survive only due to the fact that they had
guessed to move their primitive technologies (ordinary fire)beyond their home.
So now we, the terrestrial civilization, should bring the technosphere outside of our
home (the biosphere). All engineering solutions for this step, ensuring transition
of humanity to a new stage of civilizational development, have already been created.
There is a strong belief that such a global geocosmic programme with a vari-
ety of common goals and objectives is able to unite all countries of the world
and attract their resources to support this superambitious project, designed to save
the humanity.”
An outstanding example of global cooperation is the construction of a prototype
of the future “eternal” source of energy on planet Earth – the ITER (International
Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. Also, it is associated with the Latin word
iter – way), as a “factory” of controlled thermonuclear fusion based on the “tokomak”
12 13
For the Benefit which describe usage of the limited in its potential jet propulsion power to explore
the outer space, and initial publication of A. Unitsky “Non-Rocket Cosmonautics:
of the Entire Earthlings
Reality and Perspectives” (1990). Current edition presents breakthrough innovative
approach to the near-Earth space exploration: transporting to the orbit not the limited
number of cosmonauts and small amount of goods, but the manufacturing facilities
of the civilization and required for its functioning goods and personnel. To achieve
Preface by Review Editor this aim, the innovative transportation method was proposed. Transportation sys-
tem is utilising potential of the rotational motion and associated inertial forces
of the massive circular construction with the changing dimensions. Inertial forces
are created by rotating belt flywheels,placed in the vacuumed housing and supported
by the magnetic forces. Changes in the magnetized forces are applied to the hull
of the GPV to place it to the near-Earth orbits.
It is worth to mention, that from the author’s knowledge, there were no potential
existing solutions, despite jet motion and utilisation of the magnetic fieldof the Earth
(which is too weak to move large amounts of goods to the outer space), until the deve-
lopment of the technology, presented above. Ability of creative minds and construc-
tive thoughts to break any imaginable and, even, unimaginable barriers, as presented
The peer-reviewed publication is a monograph “System Foundations of Non- in the book, is truly amazing. This book belongs to the highest levels in the hier-
Rocket Near Space Industrialization: Problems, Ideas, Projects”. It summarises archy of the published works in the research area due to the high concentration
the results of the scientificand applied research projects to solve the global chal- of the originality, scientificand technical innovations, and social and practical usefulness.
lenges using space- and land-based systems found on the innovative and original Due to the large scale of the presented ideas with respect to the fundamental prob-
infrastructure solutions, which have been proposed and developed over the last lems “biosphere and the humankind”, the book can be added to the leading biosphere
40 years by the outstanding inventor of the modern era A. Unitsky. research works, which continues also the best traditions of the Russian cosmism.
The current published book is the result of the next step of the development pro- From this perspective, the work is fundamentally consistent. As once A. Zasyadko
cess of the research area. Presented results are utilising novel knowledge, technolo- (1774–1837), one of the outstanding experimenters and designers of the firs
gies, and technical solutions, followed by the recent developments in the computer national rockets, demonstrated in 1817 in Mogilev to the fieldmarshal Barclay
science and modelling techniques. Presented results verify usability and viability de Tolly the value and power of the innovative technologies for the needs of the army
of the initial ideas and developed platforms from the new technical perspectives and Fatherland, being guided by only his risks, fears, and at his expenses. So now
and using new mathematical approaches, applied to the non-rocket General Planetary A. Unitsky and his unique creative team for the benefitof the entire “army of earth-
Vehicle (GPV). Furthermore, the book describes perspectives and technical details lings” and the salvation of our common home – the planet Earth – here on the much-
of the space industry development, within the SpaceWay subprogramme. sufferedterritory of Belarus, nearby to the Unitsky’s Farm Enterprise in Maryina
It is clearly shown, that during the time period of 40 years there have been not
Gorka near Minsk, show us all the way of overcoming the deadlock of civilizational
just a battle for the ideas, but also construction of the solid foundation of its practi-
impasse – its “sky” and “space” string technologies, equipment, and infrastruc-
cal realisation. Several projects have been developed from scratch, including multi-
ture, amazing in capabilities and significancefor earthlings. He organises conferen-
functional models of the rolling stock of the string transport UST, which were, ini-
ces of global significanceat his expense, publishes books, shaping new scientific
tially, part of the overpass system of the GPV, and several generations of the string-
understanding and the humanitarian world. All of the above mentioned, undoubt-
rail infrastructure.
edly, deserves to be given the highest assessment.
Essentially, the book can be included in the list of fundamental publications
It should be mentioned, that presented ideas go well beyond the problems
related to the theories and technologies of the space exploration. Given book fol-
of creation of the technical foundation for the near-Earth space industrialization.
lows the revolutionary research works published by K. Tsiolkovsky1 and H. Oberth2,
The monograph presents various concrete proposals and options for practical deve-
lopment and modelling of the ecosystems of the space houses, which are based
1 Tsiolkovsky, K.: Issledovanie mirovykh prostranstv reaktivnymi priborami (Exploration of the Uni-
on the fundamental theories: context of V. Vernadsky about noosphere, theories
verse with Reaction Machines). Nauchnoe obozrenie. 5, 45–75 (1903).
2 Oberth, H.: Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen (The Rocket into Interplanetary Space). Walter de of A. Chizhevsky about cosmic determinism of life, ideas of V. Dokuchaev about
Gruyter GmbH & Co KG (1923). special status of the soils, works of V. Sukhachev about geobiocenosis, etc.
14 15
Combination of all these ideas gives even more practical significanceto this book. Preface to the Research Monograph
I believe, that publication of the book in various foreign languages, in particu-
on “System Foundations
lar, in English, meets the needs of all countries and nations, honorable and actual
challenges of concentrating joint effortsin the further development of theoretical of Non-Rocket Near Space Industrialization:
and practical problems of creating the GPV.
It also covers the challenges of creating a higher quality in relation to the exist- Problems, Ideas, Projects”
ing, fundamentally novel continental and transcontinental string-rail transporta-
tion infrastructure, more rational use of the Earth’s natural resources and renewal
of the existing productive forces, the unificationof mankind in solving the funda-
mentally important large-scale tasks of universal survival, and ensuring the long-
term employment of the population.
I fully support the publishing of the book in foreign languages. I consider
it appropriate for all scientifi , scientifi -technical, and humanitarian criteria, its sig-
nificancefor solving the universal urgent problems of mankind, and the large-scale
practical tasks of improving life.
Vladimir Litovsky (Yekaterinburg, the Russian Federation), Antagonism between industrial technosphere and biological environment
Doctor of Geographical Sciences, is fundamentally irremovable as long as they continue to exist in a joint space.
Ph.D. in Physical and Mathematical Sciences, The human-generated industry runs by the same rules as the wildlife does. It con-
Head of Productive Forces Development and Placement Centre, sumes resources and turn them into production and wastes. However, biowaste
the Institute of Economics, the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences of some life forms is harmoniously integrated into biological chains as food for other
bodies, thus performing circulation of living material within the biosphere. Indus-
trial wastes are not included into this circulation, they upset nature’s balance
and lead to degradation of biosystems and the whole biosphere. The negative impact
of humans on the environment increased and intensifiedthroughout the develop-
ment of industrial civilization. The author has divided this period into fivetechno-
logical eras which are described in detail in the relevant section of the present book
beginning from the firstone (Technosphere 1.0) when ancient engineers embraced
fie and cooking over it, till the present days (Technosphere 1.5) when it is suggested
to explore strange and far-out Mars as a possible harbor for Earth civilization.
For sure, such a way is irrational. We have nowhere to live except our common
home – planet Earth, which biosphere is inexorably destroyed by environmentally
degrading plants, factories, and power stations, as well as inefficien transport sys-
tems and retrogressive agriculture steadily outgoing from natural (biospheric) tech-
nologies for agricultural production. On the other side, a non-waste industry is con-
ceptually unfeasible, which means that only by removing it from the planet we
will have a chance to recover and save the biospheric balance. Herewith, we need
to maintain production of all the necessary products, including transport, energy,
information, and other services, in order to provide stable being of the techno-
genic society, as well as its development. This can be performed only if the industry
is located outside Earth bioshield and there is a streamlined complex geocosmic cargo
flowbetween the planet habitable surface and its orbital industrial necklace. Space
is for industry, while Earth is for life. This is the suggested principle which is deve-
loped within the present monograph.
16 17
The author recognized risks posed by the industry to Earth biosphere many years will be able to deliver up to 1 bln tons of cargo (approximately 100 kg per each
ago. He saw with his own eyes what we would be faced with. The Chernobyl disas- earthman) and up to 100 mln passengers (approximately 1 % of the global popula-
ter covered with radioactive cloud his home village of Kryuki, Braginsky District, tion) to Earth orbit annually. At the same time, payload of the most powerful rocket
Gomel Region, which was situated only 7 km away from the explosion center. Sup- named Falcon Heavy, which is currently employed, is only 64 tons and this is only
posedly, it is the most radionuclide-contaminated place in the world because radia- true in case of delivery to low-Earth orbit. In other words, to deliver the same volu-
tion level there is ten times higher than in the rest of Chernobyl exclusion zone. Gene- me of cargos to outer space, it is necessary to perform more than 15 mln launches
ration of electric power for technosphere made this area and immense surroundings of heavy rockets year over year. Even 100,000 times less number of jet transport vehi-
uninhabited. And the cause-and-eff ct linkage is very simple. In the region where cles launched to space may completely destroy the planet ozone layer. In fact, just
a large industry appeared, life becomes almost impossible. And this is the case one launch of heavy rocket burns millions of ozone tons and makes a “hole” in Earth
of the whole Earth, since the industrial technosphere has infiltratedalmost the entire protective cover with the size similar to area of France.
biosphere from the depths of the seas and the bottoms of pits and quarries to the upper Then, it is worth to explain why we are referring to near outer space, but not
atmosphere, permeated by aviation and space routes. to space at large. The matter is that billions of evolution years have perfectly adapted
The author introduced the concept of “civilization technogenic fork” which means living forms, including the man, to live in their environmental conditions. And Earth
that today the humanity has really faced with a choice. It lies in the fact that either is the best place for our life. There is no any other space home for us, earthmen,
two generations from now we can come to the point of no return, our degradation, in the nature. And people should live on their home planet. But the industry should
dying, and death, or we can stop the processes leading to global civilization crisis
be placed out of it while continuing to service technocratic needs of the civiliza-
and pass on to the next period – Technosphere 2.1. This will allow to perform non-
tion. Relocation of large industrial and energy productions to the orbit will resolve
rocket industrialization of outer space and solve all the ecological problems on Earth
the majority of global ecological problems on the planet. Herewith, we will obtain
while turning the planet into flowerygarden where up to 25 bln of people will be able
access to inexhaustible energy, materials, and spatial resources of immense Space.
to live and work in comfortable and safe conditions.
Hence, non-rocket industrialization of outer space is a complex programme.
Three terms stated in the title of the present monograph reflectthe book struc-
The author began to work on it in the 1980s or even earlier if to count from the mo-
ture and specify its problematic area. First of all, it refers to non-rocket way of space
ment when the firstapplication was filedto get the inventor’s certificatefor the GPV
exploration. It should be noted that the history of search for vehicles alternative
in 1976. The expanded presentation of the project was set in 1989 in the document
to reactive thrust capable of trespassing beyond the atmosphere dates back more
prepared by Center for Scientificand Technical Creativity of Youth of “Zvyozdny
than a century and begins with K. Tsiolkovsky’s works. Among the popular con-
Mir” (Stellar World). The Commissioner was Soviet Peace Fund. The concept
cepts of such kind, there are space elevator and electromagnetic accelerator. The de-
was named “EcoMir” (EcoSpace), and it possesses engineering, economic, and eco-
velopment made by the author of this monograph, the General Planetary Ve-
logical constituents.
hicle (GPV), is also mentioned in respect thereof. The GPV outweighs the other
EcoSpace Programme suggests a number of changes, including but not limi-
non-rocket and even more rocket technologies in its carrying capacity and energy
ted to changes in methods of space exploration and pattern of its usage. Signifi-
efficien . The relevant section of the present publication provides a detailed descrip-
cant changes should be also performed on Earth. First of all, it is required to reform
tion of the GPV and statement of its advantages. Additional information can be
transport logistics, urban planning, and agriculture. Creation of a unifiedgeocosmic
found in the second part of the book titled “String Transport Systems: On Earth
infrastructure network requires faster transportation process. Cargos and passen-
and in Space”, where mathematical calculations regarding operation of the GPV
gers should be distributed along the whole length of the GPV at the moment of its
and its components are reported.
launching to the orbit, and then the GPV will have to deliver goods produced in space
Unbelievable carrying capacity (10 mln tons), utmost efficienc (energy coef-
to Earth consumers. And Unitsky’s String Transport (UST) designed by the author
fi ient is of 97–98 %), low traffic handling cost (fewer than 1,000 USD/t vs.
will perform all these tasks the best way.
10 mln USD/t provided by the current rockets), and usage only of electric power
The industry placement outside the planet and substitution of the current earth
for access into space allow to classify the GPV as the only possible means to perform
transport with more advanced transport infrastructure communicators, including
industrialization of outer space and placement of the Earth industry on the equato-
power and information ones, that are unifiedwith the UST, will free up vast terri-
rial orbits.
tories equal to fiveGreat Britain’s areas now covered by asphalt and railroad sleep-
Non-rocket geocosmic transportation with the use of the GPV is an essential
requirement for extensive space industrialization. Rocket transport is not suitable ers. These areas may be then used for agriculture. The technology will come in use-
of tackling such a challenging task due to its low efficienc and environmental ha- ful, developed by the author’s team, aimed at obtaining rich humus from brown
zard posed thereby. Thus, the GPV performing in the future up to 100 trips per year coal and shales which pool on the planet amounts to hundreds of trillions of tons.
18 19
The same technology can be employed for development of the world-wide environ- inside the accommodation unit. There is a special bacterial association which turns
mentally safe energy production. the wastes into nutrients for the plants’ root system.
In order to produce energy, coal is burnt on the thermal power station of such In the near future, the author’s team which currently includes more than
a system. Part of the supplied coal (and/or shales) of lower energetic quality is used 1,000 specialists, intends to implement the other stages of the EcoSpace programme.
for humus production. Wastes from burning of the raw used for energy production, The self-sustaining biospheric ecosystem will be also established on Earth.
including fluegases, dust, ashes, slack, are processed the same way. Carbon dioxide The researches regarding such essential issues of the GPV designing as construction
gas and warmth generated in the course of the raw burning are transferred to the adja- of the overpass above sea areas, as well as the GPV overpass passage through moun-
cent greenhouses while providing warming and supporting plants’ photosynthesis. tains in South America and Africa, are in progress now. Dynamic mathematical mo-
Humus enriches soil while specially selected bacteria make it into plant-food basis. dels of the General Planetary Vehicle are being designed. There are also develop-
Such relict solar biofuel power plants using Sun energy accumulated by living forms ments in the fieldof energy industry, control and communication systems. And inter-
100–450 years ago will be able to meet all the humanity energetic needs in envi- mediate results of these works can be also found in the present monograph.
ronmentally friendly manner. Power supply for orbital industries will be performed The task to boost public interest in the project and involve international and go-
through the systems located there which will accumulate and process Sun energy, vernmental entities in its implementation should be put a special focus on. In doing
as long as the industry is the key consumer of energy, while stars are its main source. so, the International Scientificand Technical Conference on the abovementioned sub-
Agriculture should be also handled in a differentway compared to present time. ject is organised every year, as well as effortsto cooperate with the competent author-
As it was 1,000 years ago, the key tool today is plow. However, in the author’s opi- ities of the UN and other relevant entities are being taken. The present book will be
nion, it is totally wrong and becoming more obvious since the world population helpful for various-skilled specialists such as engineers, designers, technical experts,
and croplands are continuously increasing. There are two kinds of microorganisms as well as economists, social scientists, biologists, environmental experts, other scien-
in soil: aerobia and anaerobia. First ones need air and are on the surface, the others tists, and all readers interested in the humanity future and the Earth’s tomorrow state.
live underground and air is awful for them. But the plow changes their places round.
Microorganisms die, and their population decreases. But they perform one of the most The author would like to express his thanks to the joint authors, developers,
important functions, that is processing of insoluble humus (humates) into substance and researchers whose names you will findmentioned throughout the pages
feeding the plants. As a result of bacterial destruction, the soil degrades, chemical as follows:
content of foods grown thereon also changes, and people can’t get an adequate nutri-
Chapter 1 – Modern Challenges of Industrial Development and Space-
tion. Moreover, the soil is being depleted from year to year. All the vital elements
Directed Ways to Solve Them. The joint author is E. Petrov (Unitsky String
are sucked out of the soil and replaced by mineral fertilisers containing only nitro-
Technologies, Inc.).
gen, phosphorus, and potassium, while for high-quality healthy life we need almost
Chapter 2 – Analysing Prospects of Employment of Rockets and Non-Rocket
all range of chemical elements which is more than 80 positions of Mendeleev’s peri-
Geospace Transport Technologies for Space Industrialization. Chapter 8 –
odic table.
Features of Functioning of the General Planetary Vehicle Flywheel Propulsor
In this book plenty of emphasis is pointed at the issue of space colonies for per-
and General Requirements Thereto. Chapter 24 – Feasibility Study of the Invest-
sonnel who will maintain the industry on the orbit. The task is to provide conve-
ment Project “Non-Rocket Near Space Industrialization” as a Tool of Saving
nient conditions that will be very similar to the Earth ones. There have been per-
Earth’s Biosphere. The joint author is A. Babayan (Astroengineering Techno-
formed relevant developments focused on arrangement of artificialbiospheric eco-
logies LLC).
systems. These matters are described in detail in the respective sections. Presented
Chapter 3 – Creative Constructivism of EcoSpace Megasystem Design
is also the review of the following issues: correlation between trophic chains and bio-
and Development: Engineering Creativity with Modern TRIZ – Reinventing
logical cycles with participation of plants and animals living in artificialbiosphere;
and Perspectives. The author is М. Orloff(Academy of Instrumental Modern
vital rich soil as a space colony’s immune system; treatment of water and its circula-
TRIZ).
tion; construction solutions for accommodation modules, arrangement of their inner Chapter 4 – Key Aspects of Project and Construction Management of Astro-
space, influenceof low and high pressure and Earth’s magnetic fieldon the resi- engineering Systems. The authors are A. Voylenko and D. Kaznacheev (Unitsky
dents; all other aspects. Some elements of the future space colonies have been String Technologies Inc.).
already designed and are being tested in the course of the relevant experiments. Chapter 5 – Water-Based Ocean Sections with Floating Overpass for the Ge-
For instance, the author’s team has already inspected the enclosed sewerage sys- neral Planetary Vehicle. The joint author is S. Artyushevskiy (Unitsky String
tem where bio- and chemical wastes are transferred to soil of the greenhouse located Technologies Inc.).