Daniel Amyot Pau Fonseca i Casas Gunter Mussbacher (Eds.) System Analysis 9 6 and Modeling: 7 8 S C Models and Reusability N L 8th International Conference, SAM 2014 Valencia, Spain, September 29–30, 2014 Proceedings 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8769 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany Daniel Amyot Pau Fonseca i Casas Gunter Mussbacher (Eds.) System Analysis and Modeling: Models and Reusability 8th International Conference, SAM 2014 Valencia, Spain, September 29-30, 2014 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors DanielAmyot UniversityofOttawa SchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerSience 800KingEdwardSt.,Ottawa,ONK1N6N5,Canada E-mail:[email protected] PauFonsecaiCasas UniversitatPolitècnicadeCatalunya-BarcelonaTech DepartmentofStatisticsandOperationsResearch NorthCampus-C5218Room,08034Barcelona,Spain E-mail:pau@fib.upc.edu GunterMussbacher McGillUniversity DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering 3480UniversityStreet,Montreal,QCH3A0E9,Canada E-mail:[email protected] ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-319-11742-3 e-ISBN978-3-319-11743-0 DOI10.1007/978-3-319-11743-0 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014949191 LNCSSublibrary:SL2–ProgrammingandSoftwareEngineering ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’slocation, inistcurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Permissionsforuse maybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violationsareliabletoprosecution undertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication, neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsor omissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothe materialcontainedherein. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface TheSystemAnalysisandModeling(SAM)conferenceprovidesanopenarenafor participantsfromacademiaandindustry to presentanddiscuss the mostrecent innovations, trends, experiences, and concerns in modeling, specification, and analysis of distributed, communication, and real-time systems using the Spec- ification and Description Language (SDL-2010) and Message Sequence Chart (MSC) notations from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T), as well as relatedsystemdesignlanguagessuchas UML, ASN.1, TTCN-3, SysML, and the User Requirements Notation (URN). While the firstseveninstancesofSAM(Berlin1998,Grenoble2000,Aberys- twyth 2002, Ottawa 2004, Kaiserslautern2006, Oslo 2010, and Innsbruck 2012) were workshops, in 2014, SAM has become a conference to better reflect its structure, audience, and overall quality. This 8th SAM conference (http://sdl-forum.org/Events/SAM2014/)was co-locatedwiththeACM/IEEE17thInternationalConferenceonModelDriven EngineeringLanguagesandSystems(MODELS2014)inValencia,Spain,during September 29-30, 2014. Theme for 2014: Models and Reusability Model reuse is a powerful concept defined as the process of creating new mod- els using existing model artefacts. To make model reuse applicable, reusing an artefactshouldbe easierthanconstructingit fromscratch.Thisentails thatthe reusable artefacts are easy to understand, find, and apply. Commonly reusable artefacts include classes, components, patterns, frameworks, and, services, and emerging ones include product lines, aspects, and concerns. SAM2014invitedcontributionsrelatedbutnotlimitedtothereuseofmodel artefactsand the designof reusable artefactsfor ITU-T languagesand other re- latedsystemdesignlanguages.Inadditiontomodelsandreusability,researchers andpractitionerswereinvitedtoprovidecontributionsonlanguagedevelopment, model-driven development, and applications. Review Process SAM2014utilizedamulti-tierreviewprocess.First,allpaperswerereviewedby at least three ProgramCommittee members. The papers and reviews were then made available to Program Committee members who did not have a conflict of interest with the authors. The papers were discussed during a three-day, online meeting before the final decisions were made. Out of 63 long papers and 8 short papers received (for a total of 71 submis- sions), 18 long papers (acceptance rate: 29%) and 3 short papers (acceptance rate: 37%) were selected. VI Preface SAM2014istrulyaninternationalconference.Wereceivedsubmissionsfrom 27 different countries covering all continents. Among the accepted papers, we haveauthorsfrom13countriesinEurope,North-America,South-America,Asia, and Africa. Proceedings Overview This volume contains the 21 papers selected for presentation at SAM 2014 as wellastheabstractsoftwokeynotepresentations.Thevolumestructurereflects the six sessions of the conference. Thefirstdaywascloselyalignedwiththeconferencethemewithasessionon Reuse followed by a keynote presentation from Prof. Jean-Marc J´ez´equel (Uni- versit´edeRennesandIRISA, France)onSafely ReusingModel Transformations through Family Polymorphism, a secondsessionon Availability, Safety, and Op- timization, and a third session on Sequences and Interactions. The volume contents for the second day are a sessionon Testing followedby asecondkeynotepresentation,thistimefromProf.LionelBriand(FNRPEARL chair in software engineering and Vice-Director at the Centre for ICT Security, Reliability, and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg) about Making Model- Driven Verification Practical and Scalable: Experiences and Lessons Learned. The last two sessions target Metrics, Constraints, and Repositories, and finally SDL and Validation & Verification. Acknowledgments The 8th edition of SAM was made possible by the dedicated work and contri- butions of many people and organizations. We thank the authors of submitted papers,the46membersoftheProgramCommittee,the18additionalreviewers, andtheboardmembersoftheSDLForumSociety.WethanktheMODELS2014 localOrganizationCommitteeattheUniversitatPolit`ecnicadeVal`enciafortheir logisticsupport.ThesubmissionandreviewprocesswasrunwiththeEasyChair conference system (http://www.easychair.org/),and we therefore thank the people behind this greattool. We finally thank the sponsors of SAM 2014:SDL ForumSociety,ITU-T,ACM, IEEE,Springer,the UniversityofOttawa,McGill University, and the Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya. September 2014 Daniel Amyot Pau Fonseca i Casas Gunter Mussbacher Preface VII SDL Forum Society The SDL Forum Society is a not-for-profit organization that, in addition to running the System Analysis and Modeling (SAM) conference series of events (once every two years), also: – Runs the System Design Languages Forum (SDL Forum) conference series every two years between SAM conference years; – Is a body recognized by ITU-T as co-developing System Design Languages in the Z.100 series (Specification and Description Language), Z.120 series (Message Sequence Chart), Z.150 series (User Requirements Notation), and other language standards; – Promotes the ITU-T System Design Languages. For more information on the SDL Forum Society, see http://www.sdl-forum.org. Organization Organizing Committee Chairs Daniel Amyot University of Ottawa, Canada Pau Fonseca i Casas Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Spain Gunter Mussbacher McGill University, Canada SDL Forum Society Reinhard Gotzhein Chairman (TU Kaiserslautern, Germany) Ferhat Khendek Secretary (Concordia University, Canada) Martin von L¨owis Treasurer (Beuth-Hochschule fu¨r Technik Berlin, Germany) Rick Reed Non-voting board member (TSE, UK) Local Facilities Chair Javier Gonza´lez Huerta Universitat Polit`ecnica de Val`encia, Spain Program Committee Program Chairs Daniel Amyot University of Ottawa, Canada Pau Fonseca i Casas Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Spain Gunter Mussbacher McGill University, Canada Members Shaukat Ali Simula Research Laboratory, Norway Rolv Bræk NTNU Trondheim, Norway Reinhard Brocks HTW Saarland, Germany Jean-Michel Bruel University of Toulouse, France Laurent Doldi TransMeth, France Anders Ek IBM Rational, Sweden Stein Erik Ellevseth ABB Corporate Research, Norway Joachim Fischer Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany Emmanuel Gaudin PragmaDev, France Birgit Geppert Avaya, USA Abdelouahed Gherbi E´cole de technologie sup´erieure, Canada X Organization Reinhard Gotzhein TU Kaiserslautern,Germany Jens Grabowski University of G¨ottingen, Germany Øystein Haugen SINTEF, Norway Lo¨ıc H´elou¨et Inria Rennes, France Peter Herrmann NTNU Trondheim, Norway Dieter Hogrefe University of G¨ottingen, Germany Ferhat Khendek Concordia University, Canada Tae-Hyong Kim KumohNationalInstituteofTechnology,Korea Jacques Klein University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg Finn Kristoffersen Cinderella, Denmark Anna Medve University of Pannonia, Hungary Pedro Merino Go´mez University of Malaga, Spain Birger Møller-Pedersen University of Oslo, Norway Patricio Moreno Montero ACCIONA, Spain Ileana Ober University of Toulouse, France Iulian Ober University of Toulouse, France Fei Peng Siemens CT, China Dorina Petriu Carleton University, Canada Andreas Prinz Agder University College, Norway Rick Reed TSE, UK Laurent Rioux Thales R&T, France Jos´e Luis Risco-Mart´ın Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain Manuel Rodriguez-Cayetano Valladolid University, Spain Richard Sanders SINTEF, Norway Amardeo Sarma NEC Laboratories Europe, Germany Ina Schieferdecker Freie Universit¨at Berlin, Germany Edel Sherratt University of Wales Aberystwyth, UK Eugene Syriani University of Alabama, USA Maria Toeroe Ericsson, Canada Peter Tr¨oger Potsdam University, Germany Hans Vangheluwe University of Antwerp, Belgium and McGill University, Canada Martin von L¨owis Beuth-Hochschulefu¨rTechnikBerlin,Germany Thomas Weigert Missouri University of Science and Technology and UniqueSoft, USA Manuel Wimmer Technische Universit¨at Wien, Austria Steffen Zschaler King’s College London, UK Additional Reviewers Sabas Ars`ene Franck Chauvel Christopher Henard Bruno Barroca Amine El Kouhen Steffen Herbold Robert Bill Fabian Glaser Tanja Mayerhofer Tegawende Bissyande Patrick Harms Assaad Moawad Organization XI Phu Nguyen Margarete Sackmann Daniel Varro Frank Roessler Markus Scheidgen Anatoly Vasilevskiy Sponsoring Organizations and Institutions