Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V

340 Pages·1998·9.34 MB·English

by  Don R. Baker

Synthesis and Chemistry
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In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
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In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
686
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
Synthesis and Chemistry
of Agrochemicals V
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ownlublic David A. Hunt, EDITOR
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American Cyanamid Company
Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division
of Agrochemicals of the American Chemical Society,
American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
ISBN 0-8412-3546-5
ISSN 0097-6156
This book is printed on acid-free, recycled paper.
g 01 Copyright © 1998 American Chemical Society
acs.or6.fw0
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PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Advisory Board
ACS Symposium Series
Mary E. Castellion Omkaram Nalamasu
ChemEdit Company AT&T Bell Laboratories
Arthur Β. Ellis Kinam Park
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In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Foreword
X HE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES was first published in 1974 to provide
a mechanism for publishing symposia quickly in book form. The pur
pose of the series is to publish timely, comprehensive books devel
oped from ACS sponsored symposia based on current scientific re
search. Occasionally, books are developed from symposia sponsored
acs.org 6.fw001 bisyt ryo thauedr ioerngcaen. izations when the topic is of keen interest to the chem
bs.68 Before agreeing to publish a book, the proposed table of contents
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In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Preface
1 HE LAST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY has seen major changes in the
synthesis and development of new agrochemicals. This whole period has been in
a state of flux in most of the aspects of the design, synthesis, and development
org 001 of new active materials. Now as the dawn of the 21st century approaches, we see
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ac6. various agricultural biotechnological efforts supplementing and replacing stan
http://pubs.k-1998-068 dwlaaatrosdr yoa ngfcrioee cldtho eufmtoeridc aatlgosr . obIcet h aiepnmp tehicaear lslsa, theho aw1s9 e7bv0eeesr.,n tShdiamrta ibslatiiorcltayel,c lhyitn iaosll toaegrlseyod i sco lnevoaertr dthtiheae tp talhnaeas tcr eefage uwit
5, 2012 | 0.1021/b yearsT. he editors of these volumes have organized synthesis symposia at each
ne 1oi: 1 ACS National meeting since 1984. These symposia have been sponsored by the
ud Agrochemicals Division of the ACS. The aim of these symposia has been to
on J98 | provide a forum for presenting the synthesis and chemistry of new agrochemical
5.42 4, 19 agents. These symposia have provided a focus for agrochemical synthesis
31
3.y chemists to share their best work. The current book has chapters taken from the
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ded on spring of 1997. Each of the chapter authors was requested to present the current
oaati status of the work at the time of preparation of the manuscript. In many cases
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D P meeting. These chapters present a unique look into the discovery process of our
current and future agrochemical products. Not all of the chapters represent mate
rials that will eventually be commercialized. It is hoped that these chapters will
also provide a learning experience both for those working in this field and for
others interested in the biological effects of organic molecules.
As with the previous volumes, our goal is to inform the reader of the current
trends in research for safe, efficient, biologically active agrochemicals. The or
ganization of this book is similar to that of the preceding volumes. After the
overview chapter there is a section dedicated to Dr. Marinus Los and his impor
tant discovery of the Imidazolinone herbicides. The next section describes the
discovery of new herbicides and plant control materials. The following section
deals with the control of insects, acarids, and nematodes. The final section cov
ers the control of plant fungal diseases.
xi
In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Acknowledgments
We express our thanks to the authors who have shared with us the details of
their interesting research results—first at the symposia and here now in going
that extra mile in preparing the chapters ready for publication. We hope that you
our readers—whether you are our fellow synthesis chemists, or microbiologists,
entomologists, plant physiologists, biotechnologists, or medicinal and pharma
ceutical chemists—will find the chapters interesting, useful and above all stim
ulating!
Last, but not least, we also wish to thank our employers, Zeneca Ag Prod
ucts, Buckman Laboratories International, DuPont, and American Cyanamid
Company, without their generous support of these symposia, this volume and
the previous ones could not have been published.
org 001
s.pr
ac6. DON R. BAKER
http://pubs.k-1998-068 ZW12een0se0tce Sarno A uRgth eP s4er7oatdrhcu hcS tCtsr eeentt er
5, 2012 | 0.1021/b Richmond, CA 94804-0024
ne 1oi: 1 JOSEPH G. FENYES
n Ju8 | d Buckman Laboratories International
o9 1256 North McLean Boulevard
5.42 4, 19 Memphis, TN 38108
31
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DAVID A. HUNT
American Cyanamid Company
P.O. Box 400
Princeton, NJ 08543
xii
In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Chapter 1
Synthesis of Agrochemicals and Agricultural
Biotechnology Entering the 21st Century
David A. Hunt, Don R. Baker, Joseph G. Fenyes, and Gregory S.B asarab
1Cyanamid Agricultural Research Center, American Cyanamid Company, P.O.
acs.org 6.ch001 2Zeneca AgriculturaBl Poxro 4d0u0c, tsP,r 1in20ce0t oSno,u NthJ 4078t5h43 S-0tr4e0e0t, Richmond, CA 94804
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ne 1oi: 1 The last few years have been witness to dramatic changes in the
ud agrochemical synthesis field. Since many of the approaches of the
2 on J998 | agrochemical sector to finding new active agents are similar to those in
41 the pharmaceutical field, the newer technologies developed for
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optimized by more conventional means or else by means of automated
synthesis of more directed compound libraries. Consequently, the
potential for agrochemical scientists to continue to provide safer, lower
use-rate, more environmentally benign crop protection agents remains
high. Concurrently during the past decade, great strides have been made
in the adaptation and integration of biotechnology to agricultural
production. Much of the work in this area has focused in developing new
biological methods of pest control, crops with engineered resistance to
pests and herbicides, and products with higher nutritional content.
Overall this new technology promises to reduce the environmental load
of chemical pesticides. While the development of molecular biology and
its subsequent application to agriculture has been no less than
spectacular, it has raised many questions concerning the landscape of pest
control methodology in the future of global agriculture, particularly with
regard to the place of traditional synthesis chemistry.
© 1998American Chemical Society 1
In Synthesis and Chemistry of Agrochemicals V; Baker, D., et al.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.