SYNOPSIS OF THE MEXICAN AND CENTRAL AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVES OF LOBELIA SECTION TYLOMIUM (CAMPANULACEAE: LOBELIOIDEAE)

13 Pages·1991·5.8 MB·English

by  Robert L Wilbur

SYNOPSIS OF THE MEXICAN
AND CENTRAL AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVES
OF LOBELIA SECTION TYLOMIUM
(CAMPANULACEAE: LOBELIOIDEAE)
ROBERT L. WILBUR
DepartmentofBotany. Duke Unwersity
Durham. NC 27706. U.S.A.
ABSTRAC r
&HAoosky,nokpsnioswinsptoreoscecnutredinoMfetxhiecsoevaenndsCpeenctireasloAimLeurbidciaa.seActpiroenviToyutsolmyiiuonnd(eKs.crPirbeesld)sBpeecnitehs.,
Lohi'luizelayerisi.s,isdescribedfromrecentcollectionsmadeinnortheasternNicaragua.Two
cspaelcioecsh,hwihmoysseOgenDe.riScmiptlha)cecmoemnbt.hnaosv.be(en^pPrraotbilaemcaatliocch,laamryesh(e}r.eiDn.tSrmainstfhe)rrF.edWtiomJm.oeherl)ur.anL.d
L.guatemalensis(B.L. Robinson)comb.nov.{=Pnitiagiuitenuilemis(B.L. Robinson)H
Wimmer).
Lobelia section Tylomu/m (K. Presl) Benth. & Hook, as defined by
McVaugh(1940and 1943) isagroupofabout twenty-fivespeciesofro-
bust, suffrutescent plantsdistributedaround theCaribbeanoccurring in
the Antilles, Mexico and Central America and perhaps northern South
America.Therangeofmostspeciesisnarrowlylimitedandtheirisolated,
oftenmontanehabitatsresultinmorphologicallysharplydistinctivepopu-
lationseasilydistinguishedfromoneanother.Therecentintensivecollect-
ingprograminNicaraguainpreparationofafloraofthatcountryhasresul-
tedinaconsiderableincreaseinthefioristicknowledgeofthatcountryand
hasalsoresultedmthediscoveryofanumberofnewspecies.Oneoftheseis
amostdistinctivespecieso{Lobeliasect. Tylomiumdescribedinthefollow-
ingsynopsisofthesectionasrepresentedinMexicoandCentralAmerica
{<,.lat.).
The usually recognized sections of Lobelia as outlined by McVaugh
(no1t94s0oaanppdar1e9n4t3)asartconsottanedspoeuctiaullpyondisintiitnicatliviensoprecattiolena.stTthheesgpreocuiepsinogfsSeacr-e
tion Tylomuim (K. Presl) Benrh. c^ Hook, one ofthe six recognized by
McVaugh as occurring in North America j.lat., are stout herbs or
subshrubswhosecorollasareredorreddishpurpletobrown,yellow,green
orwhitebutneverblue.Theseedsareovoidtoglobose,smoothandusually
polishedandpitted. IncludedintheexpandedconceptofsectionTylomium
as employed in this synopsis are several species that were treated as
SiHA l1(i):5')5-567. 1991.
.
members of rhe genus Pratui Gaudichaud by McVaugh (1943) and
Wimmer (1943, 1953 and 1968). Perhaps the most striking difference
betweenPratiaandLobeliaisthatthertrst-mentionedgenushasanindehis-
cent berry as its fruitwhileLobelia has adehiscentcapsule.
McVaugh (1943) treated five Jamaican species and three Central
American species as the North American representatives ofthe baccate
genusPratiaGaudichaud,otherwiselargelyconfinedtotheEasternHemi-
sphere. Adams(1972, p. 734),statedthatthedistinctionbetweenbaccate
andcapsularIruitedlobelioids"isnotclearinJamaicanspecieswhereallof
theendemicspeciesseemtoformanaturalgroup. Althoughthefruitsare
fleshyat firsttheytendtodehisceifsufficientlydried . . . Nonehasbeen
observed to produce a true berry." All were treated by Adams and by
Rendle (m Fawcett & Rendle, 1936) in thegenusLobeliaand all whose
fruit was mentioned by eitherauthor weredescribed as capsules. Ofthe
sevenmainlandspeciesthecapsularfruitofallbutonehasbeenobserved.
Wimmer(1943, 1933and 1968)recognizedthegenusPratiainhispub-
licationsand hisconceptandthatofMcVaughfortheAmericantaxawas
substantially the same ifone were to ignore the considerable narrower
specificconceptheldbyWimmer. Although1amunabletoofferanyfirst-
handinsight intothegenericmerito{'PratiaintheOldWorldorevenof
thefewallegedSouthAmericanrepresentatives, Ibelieveenoughinforma-
tion has accumulated to conclude that the three Mexican and Central
American representatives formerly placed in Pratia are better treated in
Lobelia. Dehiscing capsules have been observetl in both Pratia tatea and
Pratiaguatamaleusisandbothareheretreatedinthegenus\j)belia. Mature
fruithasnotbeen noted tomyknowledgeinPratiacalochlamys. Without
fruit, genericplacementisproblematic. Previousopinionshavebeenthat
itISeitherCentropogonorPratia-bothbaccategenerabutthereisnofirm
evidenceforthisgenericplacementeither.Tomeitseemsmorelikelythat
it isaLobeliabutprovingitwithoutmorecompletespecimensisimposs-
ible.
Ki:>- TOLonri.iA siicr. Tylo.wum in Miixico andCiinirai, AMFRif:A
I. [•lowerslessrhan.^.9cmlont;;corollaslightgreen;hlamcncs2cmlongor
less;.uirhersalltlisr.iilyruttedwithstiffrrichomcs;plantsofrheCaribbean
1. cFolaoswterostii^canmamlaongorlonger;corollasyellow,purpleorreddish;hlamenr,s/ ,/,,,,,/,,.;.
2.5cm longorhunger;anthersvariouslypubescentburneverwithall 5
anthersonlydistallytuftedwithstifftrichomes;plantsofMexicothrough
NicaragLia.
2. Corollasexternallyyelloworyellowishgreen 2./.,pari-uloilntj
2. Corollasexternallyreddishorpurplish.
..
557
3. Anrhersticnselybesetlaterallythroughoutwithbrownishtrichomes
2—3mmlongformingadensetangle ^. L. lalta.
3. Anthersmostlywithonlythetwolowermostwitha|-ienicillatetuft
ofwhitetrichomesburiflateraltrichomespresent,theseshortetand
scatteredandnotformmgadensebrownishtangle.
4. Calyxlobes 10mmlongorlonger.
5. Calyxlobesbroadlytriangular,ellipticorlance-ovate,basally
5—12 mm wide; pedicellary bracteoles present; northern
5. CGaulaytxemlaobleasnarrowlylanceolatetolinear,basally2^2.5'1.m/m^. uilochlamys
wide;pedicellarybracteoleslacking;northernNicaragua .
4. Calyxlobeslessthan8mmlong. 5.L•zelayensis
6. Calyx lobes 4 mm or more wideat base; pedicels basally
bractcolate;corollatubecleftdorsallyonlytowithm 1.5cm
ofbaseorless;leafmarginscrenate 6. L.guatunuikjnn.
6. Ccoarloylxlalotbuebse2clmefmttwoidweitohrinlescsa.at^bamsem;poefdibcaesles;ebleraafctmeaolragtien;
serrulate " ^-- nubiaiLi.
1. Lobeliadressleri Wilbur, Ann. Missouri Bot. Garcl. 61:889. 1974.
Typi:: PANAMA. Colon; nearCodedel Norte nearbeach, KS Aug 1972,
Dm.f/cr4206(iioi.otvfi:: DUKF2;isot^pi: PMA!).
Suffruticoseherb 1—2.5 mtallwiththestembasallyto5cmindiame-
ter, apparently unbranched or nearly so and inconspicuously spreading
short-pubescent. Leaves cauline, apparently numerous and rather evenly
spacedalong thestem, spreading-ascendent, thinpaperytosemichartac-
eouswhendry, inconspicuouslyserrulatewithappressed, incurved teeth,
acmcemudtiweailldyleyt,a1apbe—roiu3ntgp4ebr—otc6hm;taipbimlceaasdlleaysslaelonlndigpbtaaissca,wlilbdyr,eo,acdag.elsat1b5rso—liugs3h0tolncymbaobltoohvnetghteahnuedpmp3ied—rdal7en.,5d
dlomwerlosnugr,facaebso;uptet4i0ol—es7g0l-afblroowuesr,ed1,—n2arcrmowlloyngc.ylIinnfdlriocraels;cenbcreac6ts—elll(i)p(t-i2c5,)
tapering to either end and somewhat broader above the middle, incon-
spicuouslyserrulate,glabrous,theupperca. 2cmlongand6-8mmwide
and the lowermost up to 10 cm long and 3—4 cm wide; pedicels stiff,
straight,stronglydivaricateexceptdistallywhereupturnedatanthesisand
somewhatincurvedinfruit, 1.2—2.8cmlonginflowerand2—3cmlong
in fruit, ca. 1—1.5 mm indiameter, densely spreading short-pubescent
and bearing a pair oflinear to lanceolate, serrulate, glabrous bracteoles
t6a—nc1e0frmomm tlhoengbaasnedof1—th2epmedmicewlidteoatbhoeuthytpharneteh-fiouumr.thsFloorwemrosre2.t8he—d3i.s2-
cmlong;hypanthiumatanthesisbroadlyhemispherical,glabrousorbasal-
ly spreading short-pubescent, symmettical or nearly so, 6—9 mm high
558
and 10— 15 mm indiameterandwithafreecalycincrnnca. 2mmhigh;
calyx lobes at anthesis triangular or deltoid, glabrous, inconspicuously
serrulate, 5—8 mm long and 2—4 mm wide at the base; corolla light
green, glabrous, thetubeca. 10- 15 mm long, distallystronglycurved
ventrally, dorsally slit at first to withinca. 6—8 mm and eventually to
wmimthin 1 mmolthebaseandwith2conspicuouslaterallenestracca.4—6
high, thecorolla lobesall stronglyarchingventrally, thetwoupper
linearorlinear-lanceolate, 10— 15mmlongandca.2mmwide,acuteand
the3lowerlobes8—12mmlongand2mmwide,thefilamentsglabrous,
15—20 mm long, connate except for basal 4-5 mm, the anther tube
4m—m6mmlong,glabrousexceptforthedensetuftofwhitetrichomesca. 1
longatapexoleachanther.Capsulesomewhatdepressedhemispheric,
8—12 mm high and 10— 15 mm in diameter, ca. two-ffths superior,
terminatinginthetapering,2-4mmlong,conicalbaseofthestyle;seeds
compressed, broadly oblong, ca. 0.8 mm long and 0.6 mm broad,
shallowly [fitted.
Distribution: known to me only from collections made in Colon
Province, Panama,fromnearthebeachesatCodedelNorteandMiguelde
la Borda.
AtldinonalspL-ciincnsexamined:PANAMA.Colon:MigueldclaBordaalongbeach,
(2D4UKAlpir).1970,Cvuct10016(1- DUKC,MO);CodedelNorte,alongbeach,Hammei4571
—
2. Lobelia parvidentata L. O. Williams, Ceiba 4:41. 1953. Tvpi-
HONDURAS.Moka/.an:hicloudforest,mountainsaboveSanJuancito,2000m,
22 Feb 19i9,Mi-m//. WtlluiDis&Mulnhi 15603(hoiotvpi::EAR norseen;iso-
TVPis: F'OH! USD. [MerrillorWilliamsarelistedfirstondifferenrlabels.]
Suffrutescenr perennial herb or shrublct 5—20 dm tall, glabrous
cthmroluognhgouatn.dL1e.a2v—es6cacumliwnei,des,preellaidpitnigc,to1b-ro2a0dlpyerlasntceemo,latteh,eabpliacdaelsly3a-cu2t2e
toabruptlyandshortlyacuminate,basallycuneatelytaperingtosomewhat
rounded, marginally closely serrate-dentate with 35-90 purplish teeth
along80-90percentofeachmargin, ca. 5—8teethpercmandthein-
dividualteethpointingstronglytowardstheapextowidelydivergentand
1— 1.2mmlongontheoutermarginandnearlyaslongontheinnermar-
gin; petiole slender, channeled above, 0.8—3 cm long. Inflorescence
10—20cmlongwith4—25flowerseachborneonaslenderpedicel3—8
cmlongarisingfromtheaxilofthesomewhatreducedupperleavesandthe
pedicelseitherebracteolateorvery rarelybasallyorsubbasally bibractco-
late. Flowers in anthesis ^.5-4.5 cmlong; hypanthium 5-6mmhigh
and6-9mmmdiameter,glabrous, ± lO-nerved;calyxlobes6- 13mm
long and 1—5-2.5 mm wide basally, narrowdy triangular, acute, either
559
denticulatewith2—3teethpersideandthese0.2—0.3mmlongorrarely
entire; corolla yellow or greenish-yellow, glabrous externally, reddish
purpleandpuberulentinternallyespeciallyalongthebaseofthelowerlip,
the tube ca. 3 cm long and medially 2—3(4.5) mm in diameter, non-
Fenestrateorverytardilyfenestratebutdorsallyclefttothebase, thelobes
ca. 10mmlongand2mmwideatbase, linear, hilcate;filamentsglabrous
mm
exceptfortheciliatemarginsofthenon-connatebases, ca. 25 long,
theanthertubeca. 7mmlongwiththe2shorteranthersca. 5mmlong
andtheseapicallywhite-tuftedwithtrichomes 1.2—1.5mmlongbutall
anthersotherwiseglabrous.Capsuledehiscingapicallyby2valves,ca. 1/3
superior, ca. 1—1.5 cm long;seed ca. 0.8 mmlongand0.6mmwide,
lenticular, shallowlyreticulate.
Diitribiition:cloudforestinthemountainsoftheDepartmentsofSanta
Barbaraand Morazan, Honduras.
Additionalspecimensexamined:HONDURAS.Dept.Sta.Barbara:forestedridgeS
sGiHde,oUfSI)V.IoDnetpanta.SMtao.raBzaarbna:raM,onaitra.n2a3L5a0Timg,ra7,ATpegruc1i9g5al1p,aA,ll1en6.00Ammo,u6rA&prCh1a9h8l0e,6A1i3iu3ici(oF,r
118(MO);MontanaLaTigra,Tegucigalpa,hosquenublado,2333m,3May 19H0,Cruz
I56(MO);CerroNebulosa,20kmsNEofTegucigalpa,7-14Mar 1977,llrazo.Cruz&
Purely312(MO);MontafiaLaTigra,2016m,bosquenublado,Garcia212(MO);bosque
denubesdePenaBlanca,MontaiiadeSanjuanciro,2000m,MolinaY)27(F);sobreracas
humedas del bosque nebulosa Vuelta La Matraca en Montafia La Tigra norre de San
Juancito,2000m,24Mar 1957,Molina71(i^(OH,US);bosquehumedoynebulosode
RanchoQuemodoenMontanaLaTigrasuroestedeSanJuancito,2000m, 18Mar1959,
Molina8817(F);abundantesenelbosquehumedodeMonraiiaLaTigra,2000m,8Mar
1962,Molina10265(F);mixeddenseandwetcloudforestsonmountainLaTigra,SWof
SanJuancito, 1800-2100m,2Feb1966,Molina,William,Burf^er&Wallenta16970(¥,
NY,US);onwetforestbank.MountainLaTigra,betweenJutiapaandQuebradoLaTigra,
SEofSanJuancito, 1800m,8Feb 1967,Molina20286(EGH, NY);wetdensecloud
forestofLaTigra,Mt.SanJuanciro,2100m,4Feb 1968,Molina&Molina214741(E
NY);abundanteenelbosqueabiertoyhumedodeMontanaLaTigra,2200m,8Mar1962,
Williams&Molina10263(LL);cloudforestareammountainsaboveSanJuancito,2200m,
20Feb. 1948,Williams&Molina13680(ECjH,US);HorestadenubesdelaMontanadela
Tigra,suroestedeSanJuancito,200m,Williams&Molina17077(EC,\\,US);commonin
edgeofcloudforestaboveSanJuancito, 1800m,24Mar 1951,Williams17458(EGH,
US);incloudforestaboveSanJuancito, 1800m,24Mar 1951,Williams 17481(EGH,
US);abundanteenelbosquedenubesdeMontanaLaTigra,ccrcadeSanJuancito,2000m,
5Oct 1953,Williams&Molina18883(ECiH,LIS);clearinginforestaboveSanJuancito,
2000m, 21 Feb 1954, Williams&Williams 18894(EGH,US).
3. Lobeliatatea(F. Wimmer) F. Wimmer in Engler's Pflanzenreich IV.
276b. 119. 1943. Pra/i—atateaEE.Wimmer,Repert.Spec.Nov.RegniVeg.
29:51,/?/. //^,/./. 1931. Syntypes:NICARAGUA.PropeChonralcs,R.Tate
194andSeemann93(K,neitherseen).[McVaugh 1943,p. 113indicated'fate194
wasthe"type", le. lectotype.}
Erect, terrestrialherbsorshrublets(0.6) 1—2(3)m tallwithglabrous
stems. Leaves cauline, slightly fleshy, the blades elliptic to oblong-
obovate, glabrous, ca. 10—20(30)cm longand 4.5—7.5(12)cmwide,
about 3 times as long as wide, apically acute to acuminate, basally
cuneately narrowed and tapering into the petiole, marginally closely
callosely denticulate orserrulate with ca. 8—10 teeth percm and each
tooth ca. 0.5—8(1.0)mm long, thevenationprommentbelow;petioles
1^3(4.5) cm long, glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, few- to many-
flowered, subsecund, 1—3dmlong, therachisglabrous;pedicelsspread-
ing-ascendent but distally ± erect, 4—5 cm long in flower, glabrous,
ebracteolate, each borne in theaxil ofa leafy, ellipticoroblong tomore
t5y—pic1a0llmymlanwcieodlea.teF,loswhoerrtsly4.p3et—io6la.t0e,cmserlrounlga;tehybrpaacntth1i—um5 hcemmilsopnhgerainc,d
glabrous, ca. 3—4 mmhighand 5—6mmwide, basallyrounded;calyx
lobes narrowly triangular, erect, acute, glabrous, denticulate, ca. 4—6
mm long; corollaglabous, 4.0—4.6 mm long and basally roseate with
purplishlobes,thetubeslightlycurved,2.2—4.0cmlong,non-fenestratc
butdorsallycleh toaboutthemiddletoalmosttothebase, thelimb5-
partedbutnot2-lipped,thelobeslinear,ca. 15—20mmlongandbasally
1.5—2mmwide,cuspidatelytipped;filamentsmostlyconnate,2.5—4.8
cm long, completely free from the corolla, basally distinct and there
marginallyciliate-pubescentbutotherwiseglabrous,theanthertubeca.9
mm
longwithadensecoveringofcoarsetawnytobrownishorevenpurpl-
ish trichomes 2—3 mm long. Capsulesabouthalfinferior, 1.0— 1.4cm
long and basally8—11 mm indiameter, theupperhalftaperingand ±
obconic and the lowerhalf broadly rounded and shortly cylindric; seeds
light brown to tawny, lenticular, flattened, ca. 0.5—0.7 mm long and
nearlyas broad, faintlyand minutely fovcate-reticulate.
AlthoughIndexKewensis(Suppl. XIp., 140, 1953)liststhecombina-
tion \j)bdhi tateci (F. Wimmer) F Wimmer, this binomial was not listed
even m synonymy in Wimmer's later works (1953 and 1968) and its
acce[itance as validly published has been questioned. Wimmer in first
treatingthegenusPnitiamFngler'sPflanzenreich(1953,p. 119)excluded
it from thegenus Pratici in the followingquotationpresented in its en-
tireWthy:en"CPWraitimam]eTrdtecd/eaWltimwmit.h t=her'gLeonbuesliaLoTbaetleiaaWinimtmhe."war-interrupted
accountoftheLobelioideae,Lobeliatateawasnotincludedinanymanner-
itwas notevenmentionedasabinomial tobeexcluded. Inhisexpanded
treatmentofthegenusPrat/a, Wimmer(1953)includedP. tateabutdid
not includeLobeliatateaeveninsynonymy. Thistogetherwiththeinitial
appearance of the binomial ^'Lobelia tatea" with a question mark led an
anonymousreviewertochallengethevalidityofWimmer'scombinationin
561
thegenusLobelia.ItwouldseemtomethatArticle34.1(a)and34.2ofthe
ICBN cover the question completely and indicate that Lobelia tatea,
althoughpublishedwithaquestionmark, waspublishedandacceptedby
theauthorintheoriginalpublication. 1considerittobeavalidlypublished
binomial.
Distribution: southernMexicosouth intoNicaragua.
Additionalspecimensexamined:MEXICO.Oaxaca:roadsidealongHwy. 175through
SierradeJuarezbetweenTuxtcpecandOaxaca,6.6milesSofbridgeatValleNacional;750
m, 19Feb1979,Cro^/47929(DUKE);roadside12miSofValleNacional,Hwy. 175,22
Mar1978,Poole,Bam&Kerr1259(MICH);14kmalSdeValleNacional,sobrecarreteraa
Oaxaca,780m,28Nov1979;Wem/t.Lotl&Canui2284(DUKE,TEX).GUATEMALA.
BD1ia9sj5ta5r,.V:eGroeanntplahezi:g9h3U9nr2iido(gnLeL)Bo;anrrSihtoiaslnl,sniidnCe,rfoerGeeosktrsg,DeiAstCurrg.e:e1ki9n7Sce1lc,etCaioroninln,rgeHraatusmbsa.mnsi.en(oUgfS)hBi.lilrB,dEHLHuIwmZyE.m,.inE2lg6CBAaiuyrgod
RHiwvye.r,,413-S5eptkm195S4W,Goef>nLlae9C3eHib2a,(LL2).00H-O4N0D0UmR,AS4.MaAytla1n9t7i9d,a:Hnaezakrtlda3m09o7nt(hDeUDKaEn)t.a
Cortes;MontanalldefonsonortedeCofradia,2100m, 17-18Apr1957,MolinaH221
(F);sobrebancoshumedodeMontaiiaSanlldefonsoentreBahaderosyCusuco, 1400m,
Molina11439(ELL,NY);bosquehumedoentreBuenosAiresyBanaderos,MontanaSan
Aldefonso, 1500m,27Mar1963,Molina11^3(FLL,NY,US).ElParaiso:pmaresde
MontanaAquaFria, 1300 m, 14Mar 1956, Mol/na '^391 (E LL); sobrepaderonesde
MontanaSanCristobalsurdeAguaFria, 14()()m, 15Mar1957,Molina7626(V,GH,US);
enpaderoneshiimedosdelbo,squemixtopinolic]uidambardelHiguerito,SOdeMineralde
AguaFria, 1600m, 15Mar1957,Molina7660(F);bancoshumcdosdelbosquemixtode
MontanaAguaFria,14()()m, 14Mar1963,Molina11329(F);bancoshumcdosdelbosque
mmiixxttooMMoonnttaannaaATeguupaasFennat,ie1n4t()r0emEl,J1u4nqMuailrlo19y63T,euMpoalsienntai,111344(7)0(Em,LL2,6N—Y,27USA)p;rbo1.9s6q3u,e
Mol/na11855(ELL,NY,US);matorraleshumedosdelbosquemixt.,SierraElChileentre
ElJunquilloyElRobledal, 1300m, 12Jan 196-}, Molina14152(LL,NY).Graciosa
Dios: mountain peak, C^ampTiro, 2 mi N\V ofBulebaron third northernbranch ol
QuebradaTiro,tributaryofRioPlantano, 15"4VN,8i°50'W,25Mar 1981,Saunders
o1f1S1a2nt(aNYF)e.,O26c.o8tempieqSuWe:ofAlbdreiadgEeloFvoerrtiRni,oAHgiugauiCtaolineenatrc-vSiallnatgaeRoofsCaudceuyCaogpuana,Co1p8a.n1,mi14E°
28'N,89° 15'W, 1800m,28Jan1987,Croal&Han/mon63809(DUKE).Olancho:road
toCatacamasfromAzuacalpa,pineandoakforest,24Feb1982,Blackniore&Health1892
(MO);alongRioOlancho,onroadbetweenSanFranciscodelaPazandGualaco,7.3mi
(NDEUKoEf)S.anNFIrCanAciRsAcoGUdeA.laPCahzo,nt1a4l°es5:8'vNi,cin8i6ty°o1f2S'aWn,to1D13o0mimn,goCronaetar&suHmamninotnof64P1c8n8a
Blanca,800~850m,9Apr1961,Bunting&Licht1179(DUKE,ENY,US).Jinotega:
SanRamon,ladoEdelastaldasdelCerroKilambe, 13° ^4'N,85°40'W,800-900m,
Moreno 7407(DUKE); LasalturasdeKilambe, NFdelOrroKilambe, 13°37'N, 85°
40'W, 600-900m,Moreno&Sandino'^590(DUKE);CerroKilambe, faldcEdelPico
PedraPelona, 13°34'N,85°40'W, 1300-1400m,28Mar 1981,Moreno7768(MO).
NeuvaSegovia:LosPlanes, 16Sep1985,ALyrt'wo264/7(MO);galleryforestalongtheRio
Solonli(orRioArribaJalapa),5kmNofjalapa,700-950m,5Apr 1977,Neill1638
(DUKE).Zelaya:cloudforestalongtrailfromCerroElInocentetowardCerroSaslayanear
sourceofCanoMajagua, 13°46'N,85°OO-Ol'W, 1050-1150m,8Mar1978,Stevens
6700(MO).
362
—
4. Lobeliacalochlamys (J.D. Smith) Wilbur, comb. nov. Cmropogon
c(Ja.lDo.chlSammiytsh]).DE.WSmiimtmhc,rB,otR.epGearzt..(CSrpeacw.forNdosvv.illRcc)g4n6i:V1e1g2.. 2199:0580..Pr1a9t3l1a.ca—lochTlyapmey:s
CiUATEMALA.AltaVkrapaz;inmontesilvosopropcCoban, 1650m,Aug1907,
von'I'umkhamU. 1893(hoi.ot^'pe:US!;isc)typi:s:GH! NY!).
Erect,glabrousherbs2-6dmtallwithunbranchedstemsupto6mm
indiameter. Leavescauline, dryingpapery, thebladeselliptictoelliptic-
oblongorlance-oblongtoovate, 5-16cmlongand2.5-5.5cmwide,
2—4 times as long as wide, apically abruptly to gradually acuminate,
basallycuneateandconspicuouslytaperingintoapartiallyordistallywm-
ged petiole, marginally evenly and finely serrate throughout or for the
upper2/3to3/4with(1)2-10serrationspercmandtheteethpurplish
andca. 0.5-1 mmlong;petiolesratherstout, 1-3.5cmlong. Flowers
solitaryintheaxilsoftheupperleavesormuch-reducedbracts,4-5.5cm
ml1omnmg;mpeidnidceilasme(t2)e4r-an6d(8b)ecarminlgon2gi(antcolneasspticinuofursui,t)f,ilsilfeonrdmer,brnacotteomloerse1t-han2
longeitherbasallyorupto2cmabovethebase.Hypanthiumbroadly
campanulateorhemisphericwithafreerimca. 1.5mmhigh;calyxlobes
triangular,ellipticorlance-ovate,about3timesaslongastheheightofthe
hypanthium, 11-21 mm long and 5-12 mm broad basally, con-
spicuouslyserrulatewithoftenpurplishteeth,apicallyacuteorsomewhat
acuminate;corollarose-purpleorbrightredtingedwithpurple,3.5-4.5
cm long, glabrousexternally but internallywith short, hyaline, inflated
dtorriscahlolmyescl,eftthteotwuibtehi2n24--266mmmmoflotnhge,basslei,ghtthleylcoubrevsedl,ongb-raotatdeenstuatbaesawliltyh,
7th-e120umppmerlolnogbeasnedresclti,ght1l.y5r-e2c.ur0vecd,mfluosnegdaannddfwoirtmhintghead3eflionwieterlloowbeers
lip; filament tube 2.5—3 cm longsparingly todenselypuberulentwith
stiff, whitish trichomes ca. 0.2-0.4 mm long either throughout or
restricted to the commissural grooves, the distal portion ofthegrooves
completelyfreeofthecorolla,theanthertube7-9mmlong,bluishgray,
gtnlortaibcirhnoofumlsaetseedx1,te-cran.2al8mlmym.mbuCtwaiptdsheeula2endlaop6iwcemarlmlaynthdhieeghrhis;scspeeenentdiscbeyllilg2ahtvteablwvrieotswh,n,shteiemflfi,lsipwphsheoiirtdiicso,hr
o0.bl5o—n0go.i7d,mfmlattweindeed.,shallowlypitted-reticulare,ca.0.5- Immlongand
Distrih/ztioir. northern Guatemala from 900-2400 melevation.
Additional specimens examined: GUATEMALA. Alta Verapaz: in monte silvoso
pAtuogpe1C9o0b7,anrotnoCTnhearmcakh,ci3m0I0I01f8t,931J(uA,nM1O92)0.,JBoahjnasoVne2r9a9pa(zF,:UdSu);sGylevbairmgosnwtaalndeat,,Ju1n6e5,0imvi,i
'I'licnkhcims.n. (A). Huehuetenango: Cetro Huitz between Batillas and Mimanhuitz,
SiertadclosCuciiumafunes, 1600-2600m, MJul 1942,Stcymnark4H545(F);between
563
XoxlacandNacapuxlac,SierradclosCuchumaranes, 1650-2500m, 17Jul 1942,Steyer-
viark4H916(F);instreambedinravineaboveSanJuanIxcoy,SierradelosCuchumaranes,
2400m,4Aug 1942,Steyermark48916(F).
5. Lobeliazelayensis Wilbur, sp. nov. (Fig. 1).
Herbasuffructicosa. 1-2malta,glabra. Perioliglabri, 2-5(-7)cmlongi. Lamina
gfcglolmalabibrloraoru,numgms;iereelrltoulbliiap1ttaicm.caalmiFcvlieosdlrieaaslmnaeg5ntuc.rse0it-;-cel5lh.tiyr8ppinaaccnangm,tulhlacioaru.nemgsi,(,58)1a-x11i60l-l-1amr5i1sm5;(m2pl0cm)odinccgleomulnlmgili,oegtnlagsb6earr-ircu,t9laer2bimr-;a6mcct(oe8rdo)olilaalrcmaic,mtr4urlbua-rrmaa7,,,
gaelrnaudblreanb;taaseti;umbutsfuibscusaus.s;2a.nl5tobhciema2rl0uom-ng28u5s-emt104m-m7lmonmgilm,ongdaici,uatmige;ltarbfori,ilanmsoeendntfaaeepniec3set-sr3aat.un5sthsceeadmriunimodnog2rasebo,arubpsauqtbui-e.
Capsula 1.5cmlongaet 10-12mmdiam.
Suffrutescent herb or shrublet 1- 1.5(2) m tall with glabrous stems
mostly3-8mmindiameter.Leavescauline, ± spreadmgandascendent,
theblades(8)10-15(20)cmlongand2-6(8)cmwide,elliptictolance-
elliptic,apicallyacutetomoretypicallyacummatewithasharplytapermg
tip 1-2.5 cm long, basally rounded to moderatelycuneate, margin2a-ll4y
sharply serrulate for approximately the distal three quarters with
purplishteethpercmandeachofthesepointingstronglytowardstheapex
with the outer margin 0.6- 1.2 mm long and the inner margin
0.4—0.8(1.0) mm long; petiole glabrous, smooth, channeled above,
2-5(7)cmlong. Flowersca. 5.0-5.8cmlong,arisingfromtheaxilsof
eactbnhartemahptelaesinoitlsuta,lletaegt,rleae4bdtru-oocueh7sde,cmimuispnpldphoieensrrtgiinalccenta5dvley^csa;6.10p1m-enmdmeirmcveheliidsgn;hdscilaaaenlnmyddexet6rel,r-o;b9gehlsaymbp1rmao1nu-tsi1,nh5iduaismmacmebmenrtdoeealrndotlna,ygt
and 2-2.5 mmwidebasally, narrowlylanceolatetolinear, acute, indis-
tinctlyserrulatewith 1-3minuteteethperside;corollareportedlyredor
reddish purple externally and whitewithin, glabrous externallyand in-
tfleeornbneeassltlrnyaa,trertobhwueltyteuvlibenenetaurc,aal.2ly02.-d5o2rs5calmmlymlcolnelfgotngtaonadwnidt4h1-i.n751-m-2m2mmmimnwidodifeat,mheeatceburat,see;,nfotinlha-e-
ments 3—3.5 cm long, the tube minutely puberuient throughout, the
anthertube8-10mm long, externallyglabrousbutthe2loweranthers
tuftedwithstiffsordidtrie-homes 1-1.5mmlong.Capsuledehiscingapi-
c1al0l-yb1y2 m2mvalviens,diaampeptreorx;imsaeteedlsyca1./30-.81-/21sumpemriolro,ngca.and1.50.c6mmhmighwiadne,d
lenticular, flattened, shallowly foveolatc-reticulate.
Tyi'i::Nk;arac,ija.Dupic).di-:Zi-i,aya:Cx-rroIdHorniiguerro,Wrange;ca. 1344'N,
85OO'W,elev 1100-1183m;densevirgmelfinforest, 15Apr 1979,./-7- P^poiy3130
(noLoiYPi;:MO!;isotypi:: DUKE'.).
564
Dntrihiitunr. known only trom Nicaragua.
Additional specimens examined; NICARAGUA. Jinotega: Penas Blancas, 27 Dec
1973,Atinm!.Mcirshcill&iNeill6H96(MO).Zelaya:CerroLaFimienra;13°•i1'40"N,84°
k59m''5W'>"(o)t,Sihuonsaq,uccleonuadnofo,res1t(,)(e)l(e)v-.I2I(1)(0)0m-,1G4r0y0^amh,da3lo2n7i;(eDaUstKelrin,ruMl,O^e),orCmeorurnotaSiansl,ay5a,Ma2y0
1977,Nei/llt!29(MO), CerroSaslaya,elhntore.stnearsummitat 1650m,Neil/3830
(DUKE,MO).CerroLaPimicnta,northernslopefacingLaGarrapata,ca. 13°-15'N,84°
59'W,elev.900-I180m, lowerelfinforesr,Pi/w/y6041(DUKL,MO);samelocality,
Pi/w/yCH)0()(DUKL, MO).
—
6. Lobelia guatemalensis (B.L. Robinson) Wilbur, comb. nov.
CvutyDlMy^ini[!^ndta)kih'HsisRobinsoninj.D.Smith,Hot.Ciaz.(Crawfordsville)20:4.
V1e8g9.5.29P:ni5t0h.i1g9iu3it1.a)ui-k)i'uLsvp(t\:\.G\^.UARTobLiMnsAoLn)A.V.AWii.tmameVir;,kapRaexpe:rPt.anSspaemca.laNofovr.esrR,ejgunni
18S5, viDi'\ntxkln'iiii728'(iioi.oiapi:GH!;isoi^'i'is: NY!).
upIltrocct"3,mrcmrresirnridailamheetrebrs,wgilrahbruosuuaslltyhruonubgrhanocuhtccelxcserpetmslor3—tu4ftsdomftaaxlilllaanrdy
puberulence in the axils ofthe Moral bracts. Leavescauline, drymgstiff-
papery, the blades broadly ovate, obovate or broadly elliptic, mostly
10-20cmlongand4—cScmwide,usually2~1.^timesaslongaswide,
apically abruptly short-acuminare and basally acute and cuneately ±
tapermgdecurrentlyalongthepetiole, marginallycrenatewith3-4 low
teeth percm; petiolesstout, narrowly margmed by thedecurrent blade,
2-6 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, appearing racemose or subcory-
mbose,commonlywith 10-25 flowers, 10- 17cmlong;pedicelsborne
in theaxilsofbractsand thesesharplydifferentiatedfromtheleaves, the
pechcelsspreading,stiff,2-4cmlong,ca. 1-1.5mmindiameter,occa-
sionallypurplishwith2 hliformbracreoles 1-2mm longatorverynear
mthmebahsieg.hHaynpdaanbtohuituamsiwnidanet,heesxitsesnhdoirntg-caabmopvaenutlheatoev,aroyftfeonrpcuar.pl2ismh,mcaa.s6a
freerim,notably lO-costate,enlargingslightlymfruit;calyxlobesdeltoid
4or—na5rrmomwlywitdrei,angeunltairr,ebtlouonbtsctuorseulbyacduetnet,iccual.at(e3)w5i-th7tmhemhylpoanngthainadlbcaossatlaley
extending into the base for 2—3 mm; corolla purplish red when dry,
4.5—6 cm long, glabrous externally while internally puberulent wirh
c2o3lo—rl3es0sminmflaltoendg,trbircohaodmeesstwaittthhienbaansdeaatntdhenabrarsoewoifntghesllioghwtelryltiop,tthheeatpeuxb,e
slightlycurved, thedorsal smusdeeperthan the2 lateralsiniandexten-
dingtoca. 1.5-2cmfrombase,thelimb2-lippedwiththe2upperlobes
erect, narrowdysubulate, 1.5-2.7 cmlongand4—6mmwideatbase,
tlhoeng3alnodbes1-of2.t5hemlomwewrildiep;lfiinelaarmeonrtsna(r3r0o)wl3y5-e4ll1iptmicm, alcountge,, b8a—sal1l<ySmdims-
tinct butconnate throughoutmostoftheirlength, completelyfreefrom