Synergy: The Unique Relationship Between Nurses and Patients

312 Pages·2007·1.72 MB·English

by  Martha A. Q. Curley

Synergy
The Unique
Relationship Between
Nurses and Patients
The AACN Synergy Model for Patient Care
Martha A.Q. Curley, RN, PhD, FAAN
Books Published by the Honor Society of Nursing,
Sigma Theta Tau International
Synergy: The Unique Relationship Between Nurses and Patients, Martha A.Q. Curley, 2007.
Nursing Without Borders: Values, Wisdom, Success Markers, Sharon M. Weinstein and Ann Marie T. Brooks, 2007.
Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice Model and Guidelines, Robin Newhouse, Sandra Dearholt, Stephanie Poe,
Linda Pugh, and Kathleen White, 2007.
Conversations With Leaders: Frank Talk From Nurses (and Others) on the Front Lines of Leadership, Tine Hansen-
Turton, Susan Sherman, Vernice Ferguson, 2007.
Pivotal Moments in Nursing: Leaders Who Changed the Path of a Profession, Beth Houser and Kathy Player, 2004
(Volume I) and 2007 (Volume II).
Shared Legacy, Shared Vision: The W. K. Kellogg Foundation and the Nursing Profession, Joan E. Lynaugh, Helen
Grace, Gloria R. Smith, Roseni Sena, MarÌa Mercedes Dur·n de Villalobos, and Mary Malehloka Hlalele, 2007.
Daily Miracles: Stories and Practices of Humanity and Excellence in Health Care, Alan Briskin and Jan Boller, 2006.
A Daybook for Nurse Leaders and Mentors. Sigma Theta Tau International, 2006.
When Parents Say No: Religious and Cultural Influences on Pediatric Healthcare Treatment, Luanne Linnard-Palmer,
2006.
Healthy Places, Healthy People: A Handbook for Culturally Competent Community Nursing Practice, Melanie C. Dreher,
Dolores Shapiro, and Micheline Asselin, 2006.
The HeART of Nursing: Expressions of Creative Art in Nursing, Second Edition, M. Cecilia Wendler, 2005.
Reflecting on 30 Years of Nursing Leadership: 1975-2005, Sr. Rosemary Donley, 2005
Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing, Rozzano Locsin, 2005.
Making a Difference: Stories from the Point of Care, Volume I, Sharon Hudacek, 2005.
A Daybook for Nurses: Making a Difference Each Day, Sharon Hudacek, 2004.
Making a Difference: Stories from the Point of Care, Volume II, Sharon Hudacek, 2004.
Building and Managing a Career in Nursing: Strategies for Advancing Your Career, Terry Miller, 2003.
Collaboration for the Promotion of Nursing, LeAlice Briggs, Sonna Ehrlich Merk, and Barbara Mitchell, 2003.
Ordinary People, Extraordinary Lives: The Stories of Nurses, Carolyn Smeltzer and Frances Vlasses, 2003.
Stories of Family Caregiving: Reconsideration of Theory, Literature, and Life, Suzanne Poirier and Lioness Ayres, 2002.
As We See Ourselves: Jewish Women in Nursing, Evelyn Benson, 2001.
Cadet Nurse Stories: The Call for and Response of Women During World War II, Thelma Robinson and Paulie Perry,
2001.
Creating Responsive Solutions to Healthcare Change, Cynthia McCullough, 2001.
The Language of Nursing Theory and Metatheory, Imogene King and Jacqueline Fawcett, 1997.
nurseAdvance Collection. (Topic-specific collections of honor society published journal articles.) Topics are:
Cardiovascular Nursing; Cultural Diversity in Nursing; Disaster, Trauma, and Emergency Nursing; Ethical and Legal
Issues in Nursing; Genomics in Nursing and Healthcare; Gerontological Nursing; Health Promotion in Nursing;
Implementing Evidence-Based Nursing; Leadership and Mentoring in Nursing; Maternal Health Nursing; Oncology
Nursing; Pain Management in Nursing; Pediatric Nursing; Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing; Public, Environmental, and
Community Health Nursing; and Women’s Health Nursing; 2007.
To order any of these books, visit Nursing Knowledge International’s Web site at www.nursingknowledge.org/stti/
books. Nursing Knowledge International is the honor society’s sales and distribution division. You may also call
1.888.NKI.4.YOU (U.S. and Canada) or +1.317.634.8171 (Outside U.S. and Canada) to place an order.
The AACN Synergy Model for Patient Care™ and logo are trademarks of the American
Association of Critical-Care Nurses. For additional information about the model or logo,
contact AACN Synergy Model, 101 Columbia, Aliso Viejo CA 92656 or [email protected].
Sigma Theta Tau International
Editor-in-Chief: Jeff Burnham
Acquisitions Editor: Cynthia Saver, RN, MS
Development Editor: Carla Hall
Copy Editor: Michelle Lilly
Editorial Team: Jane Palmer and Melody Jones
Indexer: Julie Bess
Cover Design by: Gary Adair
Interior Design and Page Composition by: Rebecca Harmon
Printed in the United States of America
Printing and Binding by Printing Partners, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Copyright © 2007 by Sigma Theta Tau International
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the
publisher.
Sigma Theta Tau International
550 West North Street
Indianapolis, IN 46202
Visit our Web site at www.nursingsociety.org and go to the “Publications” link for more
information about our books or other publications.
ISBN-10: 1-930538-51-0
ISBN-13: 978-1-930538-51-1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Synergy : the unique relationship between nurses and patients / [edited by] Martha A.Q.
Curley.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-1-930538-51-1
1. Nurse and patient. 2. Nursing models. I. Curley, Martha A. Q., 1952- II. Sigma Theta
Tau International. III. American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.
[DNLM: 1. Nursing Care--methods. 2. Models, Nursing. 3. Nurse-Patient Relations. 4.
Patient Care Management--methods. WY 100 S992 2007]
RT86.3.S96 2007
610.73’0699--dc22
2007039990
07 08 09 10 11 / 5 4 3 2 1
Dedication
For my father, Angelo M. Quatrano (1925-2007)
Acknowledgments
The author and publisher join the American Association of Critical-
Care Nurses and the AACN Certification Corporation in offering deep
gratitude to the countless individuals and organizations who have made
this book possible. Their creativity, wisdom, dedication, and enthusi-
asm ensured its success at every step. From development of the AACN
Synergy Model for Patient Care through implementation in critical care
credentialing, patient care, and nursing education, and now this tan-
gible presentation of those experiences—without all these people, the
results would assuredly have been very different.
About the Author
Dr. Curley received her nursing diploma from Springfield
Hospital School of Nursing, Springfield, Massachusetts. She re-
ceived her bachelor’s degree from the University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, and her master’s in pediatric acute care nursing from
Yale University. She was awarded her PhD in 1997 from Boston
College. She is currently an associate professor of nursing at the
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing. Dr. Curley is also
a nurse scientist in critical care and cardiovascular nursing at
Children’s Hospital Boston and holds an appointment as lecturer-
part time in anesthesia at Harvard Medical School.
Dr. Curley provided consistent leadership to a team of experts
in developing the Synergy Model for Patient Care for the AACN
Certification Corporation, the credentialing arm of the American
Association of Critical-Care Nurses. The Synergy Model has been
implemented for models of care delivery in practice environments
and for certification exams and for curriculum in schools of
nursing.
Dr. Curley has achieved wide recognition for her work re-
lated to clinical management of critically ill infants and children
and their families, and also for her contributions to the field of
pediatric critical care nursing. Her research focus has been on in-
terventional studies to support parent needs and priorities in the
pediatric intensive care unit, instrument development studies to
provide clinicians with better tools to assess patient status and risk,
and multi-site clinical trials to generate new knowledge in the care
of critically ill pediatric patients.
Contributing Authors
JoAnn Grif Alspach, RN, MSN, EdD, FAAN (Chapter 12)
Dr. Alspach received her BSN and MSN in cardiovascular nursing from
The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC, USA, and her
doctorate in adult and continuing education from the University of
Maryland, College Park. She has published 27 books and more than 120
journal articles and has lectured nationally and internationally in the
areas of staff development, preceptor preparation, competency-based
education, and critical care nursing. She is editor of the American Asso-
ciation of Critical-Care Nurses’ Core Curriculum for Critical Care Nurs-
ing, as well as the AACN Certification & Core Review for High Acuity and
Critical Care. She also serves as editor of Critical Care Nurse journal.
Linda E. Berlin, DrPH, RNC (Chapter 15)
Dr. Berlin is a principal with Berlin Sechrist Associates, a research
consulting firm in Irvine, California, and Washington, DC, USA, that
completed the Synergy Model scholarly critique process for the AACN
Certification Corporation. She received a diploma in nursing from
General Hospital (Rochester, New York), a BSN from the University
of Arizona, a nurse practitioner certificate and MS from Albany Medi-
cal College, and a DrPH from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of
Public Health. Dr. Berlin has held faculty and/or clinical positions at
Albany Medical College, Harvard School of Public Health, Massachu-
setts General Hospital, and The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. She
is a national authority on nursing and health workforce data.
Dora Bradley, PhD, RN-BC (Chapter 9)
Dr. Bradley is vice president of nursing professional development for
Baylor Health Care System in Texas. She earned a baccalaureate from
Oklahoma Baptist University, a master’s from the University of Okla-
homa, and a PhD in nursing science from the University of South
Carolina. She is noted for her expertise in competency validation, pro-
Contributing Authors ix
gram evaluation, and outcome measurement. Dr. Bradley became familiar with the Synergy
Model when she was developing position descriptions for staff nurses and clinical nurse spe-
cialists. The model’s relevance to actual practice, coupled with a focus on nursing outcomes
and safe passage, was the catalyst for development of Baylor’s Professional Nursing Practice
Model and ASPIRE.
Barbara Brewer, PhD, RN, MLS, MBA (Chapter 16)
Dr. Brewer is director of professional practice at John C. Lincoln North Mountain Hospital
in Phoenix, Arizona, USA. She became involved with the Synergy Model in her previous
position as vice president of quality for Clarian Health in Indianapolis, Indiana. She holds
adjunct faculty positions at The University of Arizona College of Nursing and Arizona State
University College of Nursing and Healthcare Innovation. Dr. Brewer is a Magnet appraiser
for the American Nurses Credentialing Center. She earned a BSN from the University of
Rhode Island, an MA in liberal studies from Wesleyan University, an MSN from Yale Uni-
versity, an MBA from Columbia University, and a PhD in clinical nursing research from The
University of Arizona.
Melanie Cline, MSN, RN (Chapter 7)
Ms. Cline is director of the pediatric specialty care center at Riley Hospital for Children,
Clarian Health in Indianapolis, Indiana. She has been a leader in the development of the
Clarian Synergy Professional Practice model, collaborating with Dr. Martha A. Q. Curley
and the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses as one of the primary authors of
the job documents and leader of the development of the patient side of the model. She has
served as a consultant on behalf of Clarian to assist other systems in developing the Synergy
model in other institutions. She earned her BSN from Purdue University and her MSN from
Indiana University.
Marilyn Cox, MSN, RN (Chapter 7)
Ms. Cox is the senior vice president for nursing and patient care services at Riley Hospital
for Children, part of the Clarian Health system in Indianapolis, Indiana. Ms. Cox earned
both her baccalaureate and master’s degree in nursing from the University of Oklahoma.
She has served in nursing administrative positions for the past 29 years As the executive
sponsor for the development of the Synergy Model for the Clarian system, she is respon-
sible for the oversight and guidance of the model’s application within the system. Ms. Cox
is a Wharton Nursing Fellow and was recently selected for the HRET Safety Fellowship and
completed this intensive course of study and project related to patient safety in 2007.
x Synergy
John F. Dixon, MSN, RN, CNA, BC (Chapter 9)
Mr. Dixon is a nurse researcher and nursing leadership/management consultant for the
Center for Nursing Education and Research at Baylor University Medical Center in Dal-
las, Texas, USA. He earned a BA from Jacksonville University, a BSN from Florida State
University, and an MSN from the University of Texas at Arlington. He is currently enrolled
in the PhD in nursing program at the University of Texas at Arlington. Mr. Dixon has been
an advocate of AACN’s Synergy Model for Patient Care and AACN’s Healthy Work Envi-
ronment Standards, and has worked on methods of translation and dissemination for vari-
ous facets of practice and operations. He was the primary designer for Baylor Health Care
System’s Professional Nursing Practice Model.
Sandra Greenberg, PhD (Chapter 14)
Dr. Greenberg is vice president for research and development at Professional Examina-
tion services, a non-profit organization whose mission is to benefit the public good by
promoting the understanding and use of sound credentialing practices in professions
and occupations. She received her PhD in special education from Yeshiva University. She
has coordinated numerous national and international job analysis studies of professions,
conducted audits of existing certification programs, and provided consultative services to
organizations regarding the development of new certification programs. She has developed
outcomes-based and video-based assessments for physicians and performance assessments
for allied health personnel.
Sonya R. Hardin, RN, PhD, CCRN, APRN-BC (Chapter 10)
Dr. Hardin received her PhD from the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center,
MSN and BSN from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, and MSN/MHA from
Pfeiffer University. She completed postdoctoral work at the University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill. She is an associate professor in the School of Nursing at the University of
North Carolina at Charlotte. Dr. Hardin has served on several task forces for the Ameri-
can Association of Critical-Care Nurses, including those focused on development of the
Synergy Model, study of practice, and standard of practice. She is coauthor of Synergy for
Clinical Excellence: The AACN Synergy Model for Patient Care and Critical Care Nursing:
Optimal Patient Outcomes. Her research focuses on quality of life issues for heart failure
patients.