Sustainable Automotive Technologies 2013: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference ICSAT 2013

295 Pages·2014·6.733 MB·English

by  S. Geneder, F. Pfister, C. Wilhelm, A. Arnold, P. Scherrmann, H.-P. Dohmen (auth.), Jörg Wellnitz, Aleksandar Subic, Ramona Trufin (eds.)

Lecture Notes in Mobility
Jörg Wellnitz
Aleksandar Subic
Ramona Trufi n Editors
Sustainable
Automotive
Technologies
2013
Proceedings of the 5th International
Conference ICSAT 2013
Lecture Notes in Mobility
Series Editor
Gereon Meyer
For furthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/11573
Jörg Wellnitz Aleksandar Subic
•
Ramona Trufin
Editors
Sustainable Automotive
Technologies 2013
Proceedings of the 5th International
Conference ICSAT 2013
123
Editors
JörgWellnitz Aleksandar Subic
RamonaTrufin RMIT UniversitySchool ofAerospace
Faculty ofMechanical Engineering Mechanical and Manufacturing
Technische HochschuleIngolstadt Engineering, (KOMMA)
Ingolstadt Universityof AppliedSciences RMIT University
Ingolstadt Melbourne,VIC
Germany Australia
ISSN 2196-5544 ISSN 2196-5552 (electronic)
ISBN 978-3-319-01883-6 ISBN 978-3-319-01884-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-01884-3
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013946894
(cid:2)SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor
informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar
methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief
excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the
purposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthe
work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of
theCopyrightLawofthePublishe’slocation,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalways
beobtainedfromSpringer.PermissionsforusemaybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyright
ClearanceCenter.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt
fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor
anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with
respecttothematerialcontainedherein.
Printedonacid-freepaper
SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com)
Preface
Mobility is an essential part of our lives. The ability to move freely is central to
meetingoursocialandeconomicneeds.Forthisreason,wehaveembracedthecar
over the past century, perhaps more than any other technology or consumer
product. Today there are around 900 million vehicles on the world’s roads with
another 60,000,000 new vehicles producedeach year worldwide. The scale of the
automotive industry is significant and far-reaching. For example, it is estimated
that around two-thirds of the world’s oil output goes to transportation, whereas
road vehicles alone consume around 40 % of the world’s rubber and 25 % of the
world’sglass,withtheconsumptionofrawmaterialsandotherresourcesgrowing
further due to the rapid development of the automotive sector in China, India,
Thailand, and Mexico. Transportation accounts for around 25 % of greenhouse
emissions worldwide, whereas 90 % of transport-related emissions come from
road vehicles, predominantly cars. Clearly, current levels of consumption and
emission are unsustainable. This in turn suggests that mobility as we know it,
basedonthetraditionalvehicletechnology andexistingproductionandconsumer
practices, is unsustainable.
The challenge of developing new sustainable approaches tomobility confronts
industries and our societies in general. The concept of sustainable mobility is
multidimensional and the challenge of achieving it is quite complex. Based on
currentknowledgeitisbecomingpainfullyclearthatthereisno‘‘silverbullet’’or
single technology available at present to address this challenge. To succeed we
will most likely have to pursue a range of different technologies and approaches
with short-term and long-term gains. This book aims to draw special attention to
the research and practice focused on new technologies and approaches to meet
renewable energies and urbanization.
The Ingolstadt ICSAT Conference widely addresses issues of mobility in
general,redefinesthefuturewithrespecttothevehicle,anditslinktothecitywith
respect to all challenges of urbanization. Within this, new fuel concepts play a
major role despite all the activities in electro-mobility, the Ingolstadt conference
focuses on all aspects of renewable energy sources.
We gratefully acknowledge the authors and the referees who have made this
publicationpossiblewiththeirresearchworkandwrittencontributions.Wewould
also like to thank the IFG Ingolstadt, Audi AG Ingolstadt, RMIT University, and
TechnischeHochschuleIngolstadtfortheirgenerouscontribution.Wehopethata
v
vi Preface
book on the multidisciplinary subject of sustainable mobility, as diverse in topics
and approaches as this one, will be of interest to automotive technology
researchers, policymakers, practitioners, and enthusiasts, whatever their back-
ground or persuasion.
OurspecialthanksalsogotoBirgitPaoliniandEvaWilhelmdoingagreatjob
for ICSAT 2013.
Jörg Wellnitz
Aleksandar Subic
Ramona Trufin
Contents
Part I Fuel Transportation and Storage
Energy Flux Simulation on a Vehicle Test Bed for Validating
the Efficiency of Different Driving and Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . 3
S. Geneder, F. Pfister, C. Wilhelm, A. Arnold, P. Scherrmann
and H.-P. Dohmen
Assessment of the Viability of Vegetable Oil Based Fuels . . . . . . . . . . 15
I. F. Thomas, N. A. Porter and P. Lappas
High Pressure Hydrogen Storage System Based
on New Hybrid Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
D. Duschek and J. Wellnitz
Risk Optimisation of an Automobile Hydrogen System. . . . . . . . . . . . 35
J. Meyer
Part II Material Recycling
Finite Element Analysis of Three-Point Bending Test of a Porous
Beam Emulating Bone Structure for the Development
of Vehicle Side Instrusion Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Y. Rui, A. Subic, M. Takla and C. Wang
Structural Composite Elements with Special Behaviour . . . . . . . . . . . 59
H. Bansemir
Patents of Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
T. Brodbeck
Structural Health Monitoring for Carbon Fiber Resin
Composite Car Body Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
S. Herrmann, J. Wellnitz, S. Jahn and S. Leonhardt
vii
viii Contents
Material Composition and Revenue Potential of Australian End
of Life Vehicles Using Machine-Based Dismantling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
E. El Halabi, M. Third and M. Doolan
The Usage of Lightweight Materials in Hazardous Areas:
Flex-Metal-Mesh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
E. Wilhelm and J. Wellnitz
A Dynamical Life Cycle Inventory of Steel, Aluminium,
and Composite Car Bodies-in-White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
P. Stasinopoulos and P. Compston
How New Things Come Into The World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
T. Brodbeck
Part III Manufacturing and Management Costs
Laser-Assisted Tape Placement of Thermoplastic Composites:
The Effect of Process Parameters on Bond Strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
C. M. Stokes-Griffin and P. Compston
Sustainability in Automotive Pricing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
T. Ruhnau and W. M. Bunzel
Conceptual Design Evaluation of Lightweight Load Bearing
Structural Assembly for an Automotive
Seat Adjuster Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
M. Kajtaz, A. Subic and M. Takla
Towards Sustainable Individual Mobility:
Challenges and Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
W.-P.Schmidt and T. J. Wallington
Part IV Engines
BARM: Bi-Angular Rotation Machine as an External
Combustion Machine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
B. Schapiro and S. Dunin
Audi Future Energies: Balancing Business
and Environmental Concerns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
P. F. Tropschuh and E. Pham
Contents ix
Efficient Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Electro-Thermal Simulation. . . . . 191
L. Kostetzer
Increasing Sustainability of Road Transport in European Cities
and Metropolitan Areas by Facilitating Autonomic
Road Transport Systems (ARTS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
J. Schlingensiepen, R. Mehmood, F. C. Nemtanu and M. Niculescu
Effect of Heat Treatment on Cylinder Block Bore Distortion . . . . . . . 211
S. K. Akkaladevi
Part V CO Emission Reduction
2
CO Emission Reduction: Green Heat Treatment of Engine
2
Components (Cylinder Heads). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
M. Belte and D. Dragulin
Holistic Approach to Reducing CO Emissions
2
Along the Energy-Chain (E-Chain) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
M. Bornschlegl, M. Drechsel, S. Kreitlein and J. Franke
Battery Second Use: Sustainable Life Cycle Design Through
the Extension of Tools Used in the Vehicle Development Process . . . . 235
M. Bowler, J. Weber, D. Bodde, J. Taiber and T. R. Kurfess
Novel Latent Heat Storage Devices for Thermal Management
of Electric Vehicle Battery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Ch. Huber, A. Jossen and R. Kuhn
Total Cost of Ownership and Willingness-to-Pay for Private
Mobility in Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
R. Kochhan, J. Lim, S. Knackfuß, D. Gleyzes and M. Lienkamp
Performance Evaluation of Two-Speed Electric Vehicles. . . . . . . . . . . 263
P. D. Walker, H. M. Roser and N. Zhang
The Project: Sustainability Racing—The Vision:
Mobility of the Future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
H.-J. Endres and C. Habermann
x Contents
The Innotruck Case Study on A Holistic Approach
to Electric Mobility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
L. Mercep, C. Buitkamp, H. Stähle, G. Spiegelberg,
A. Knoll and M. Lienkamp
A Literature Review in Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer
for Electric Vehicles: Technology and Infrastructure
Integration Challenges. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
A. Gil and J. Taiber
Virtual Mock-Up Hybrid Electric Vehicle Development . . . . . . . . . . . 299
V. Croitorescu, M. Oprean and J. Anthonis