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Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacteria, Nocardiae Nocardiae, and Other Aerobic , and Other ... PDF

87 Pages·2011·0.32 MB·English
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Preview Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacteria, Nocardiae Nocardiae, and Other Aerobic , and Other ...

SSuusscceeppttiibbiilliittyy TTeessttiinngg ooff MMyyccoobbaacctteerriiaa,, NNooccaarrddiiaaee,, aanndd OOtthheerr AAeerroobbiicc AAccttiinnoommyyyycceetteess CCLLSSII MM2244--AA22,, MMaarrcchh 22001111 (largely taken from a presentation prepared by Gail L. Woods, MD and Barbara Brown-Elliott, MS, MT(ASCP)SM) Edward Desmond, CDPH June 2011 1 MMMM22224444----AAAA2222 AAAAuuuutttthhhhoooorrrrssss • Gaby E. Pfyffer • Gail L. Woods • John C. Ridderhof • Barbara Brown-Elliott • Salman H. Siddiqi • Patti Conville • Richard J. Wallace • Edward P. Desmond •• NNaannccyy GG. WWaarrrreenn • GGerallddiine SS. HHallll • Frank G. Witebsky • Grace Lin Special thanks to Tracy Dooley, CLSI Senior Standards Administrator and Staff Liason for Microbiology 2 AAtt tthhee ccoonncclluussiioonn ooff tthhiiss ttaallkk,, yyoouu wwiillll bbee aabbllee ttoo…….... •• DDiissccuussss tthhee iinnddiiccaattiioonnss ffoorr ssuusscceeppttiibbiilliittyy testing of MTBC, NTM, & aerobic aaccttiinnoommyycceetteess • Discuss the methods for susceptibility tteessttiinngg ooff MMTTBBCC, NNTTMM, && aaeerroobbiicc actinomycetes •• AAccccuurraatteellyy iinntteerrpprreett aanndd rreeppoorrtt rreessuullttss • Establish and implement a QC program 3 PPrrooggggrraamm OOuuttlliinnee • Myycobacterium tuberculosis compplex • Nontuberculous mycobacteria •• NNooccaarrddiiaa && ootthheerr aaeerroobbiicc actinomycetes 4 SSuusscceeppppttiibbiilliittyyyy TTeessttiinngggg ffoorr MMTTBBCC •• SSttaannddaarrdd bbaasseedd oonn pprrooppoorrttiioonn mmeetthhooddss – Agar (INH, RMP, EMB) or radiometric (PZA) • Resistance: – “decrease in susceptibility of sufficient degree to be reasonably certain that the strain concerned is different from a sample of wild strains of human type that have nneevveerr ccoommee iinnttoo ccoonnttaacctt wwiitthh tthhee ddrruugg..” – >1% of an inoculum of bacterial cells in the presence of a “critical concentration” of anti-TB drug 5 CCrriittiiccaall CCoonncceennttrration •• AAddoopptteedd bbyy iinntteerrnnaattiioonnaall ccoonnvveennttiioonn • Lowest concentration of anti-TB drugs that inhibit 95% of “wild strains” of MTBC that have never been exposed to the drugs, but not inhibiting strains iissoollaatteedd ffrroomm ppaattiieennttss ffaaiilliinngg ttoo rreessppoonndd ttoo tthheerraappyy • Test susceptibility of MTBC to the critical concentration of drug specific for the test method you are using 6 SSuusscceeppttiibbiilliittyy TTeessttiinngg ooff MMTTBBCC UUUUnnnniiiiqqqquueeee AAAAssssppppeeeeccccttttssss •• TTeessttiinngg iiss ppeerrffoorrmmeedd aatt 11 ((oorr 22)) ccoonncceennttrraattiioonnss • “Critical” concentrations established years ago, & values mayy differ deppendingg on test medium • No uniform consensus regarding clinical relevance of testing other concentrations • Agar proportion uses %age calculation to determine R or S •• RRaaddiioommeettrriicc mmeetthhoodd ffoorr PPZZAA tteessttiinngg uusseess ddrruugg- specific calculation procedure to determine R or S 7 AAggaarr PPrrooppoorrttiioonn MMeetthhoodd LLLLiiiimmmmiiiittttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn •• NNoott rraappiidd • Broth method with shorter incubation time is rreeccoommmmeennddeedd ssttaannddaarrdd ooff pprraaccttiiccee iinn industrialized countries •• CCDDCC ggooaall:: rreeppoorrtt rreessuullttss ooff pprriimmaarryy ddrruuggss within 15-30 days of receipt of specimen – 77-1144 ddaayyss aafftteerr iissoollaattiioonn ooff MMTTBBCC ((iiddeeaall)) 8 AAggaarr PPrrooppoorrttiioonn MMeetthhoodd CCuurrrreenntt UUsseess •• CCoonnffiirrmm ccoommmmeerrcciiaall bbrrootthh ssyysstteemm rreessuulltt, iiff nneecceessssaarryy • Test drugs &/or concentrations of drugs not available in commercial systems •• SSttaannddaarrdd aaggaaiinnsstt wwhhiicchh nneeww mmeetthhooddss aarree eevvaalluuaatteedd && for characterizing in vitro susceptibility of “new” anti- TB drugs 9 MMTTBBCC SSuusscceeppttiibbiilliittyy TTeessttiinngg RRRReeeeccccoooommmmmmmmeeeennnnddddeeeedddd DDDDrrrruuggggssss •• PPRREEVVIIOOUUSS:: • 2 concentrations of INH (critical & higher); • Migght consider INH,, RMP,, EMB onlyy • NEW: Initially test all primary drugs at critical concentration – INH, RMP, EMB, PZA – PZA resistance more common, not predictable, always requires modification of treatment 10

Description:
and Other Aerobic. Actinomycetes. CLSI M24-A2, March 2011. A2, March 2011. (largely taken from a presentation prepared by Gail L. Woods, MD.
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