SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT OF GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL, Achatina fulica Bowdich USING ...

131 Pages·2012·2.11 MB·English

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SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT OF GIANT AFRICAN
SNAIL, Achatina fulica Bowdich USING BOTANICALS
AND POISON BAITS IN GROUNDNUT

SURESH

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DHARWAD
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,
DHARWAD – 580 005

JUNE, 2015
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SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT OF GIANT AFRICAN
SNAIL, Achatina fulica Bowdich USING BOTANICALS
AND POISON BAITS IN GROUNDNUT

Thesis submitted to the
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Degree of

Master of Science (Agriculture)
In
Agricultural Entomology

By
SURESH

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DHARWAD
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,
DHARWAD – 580 005

JUNE, 2015
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, DHARWAD
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,
DHARWAD

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “SURVEY AND MANAGEMENT OF GIANT AFRICAN
SNAIL, Achatina fulica Bowdich USING BOTANICALS AND POISON BAITS IN
GROUNDNUT” submitted by SURESH for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE
(AGRICULTURE) in AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY to the University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad, is a record of research work done by him during the period of his study in
this university, under my guidance and supervision and the thesis has not previously formed
the basis of the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship or other similar titles.

DHARWAD (R. R. PATIL)
JUNE, 2015 CHAIRMAN

Approved by:
Chairman:
(R. R. PATIL)

Members: 1.
(B. S. NADIHALLI)

2.
(V. I. BENAGI)

3.
(S. I. HALIKATTI)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Any tedious task is made light and smooth by God’s grace. At this moment, I would
remember ‘the almightily god Jai Sadguru’, who has made each impossible work a reality in
my life. The fruit of which, I am expressing here.
I consider myself very much fortunate and it is indeed true that I have had a chance
to work under the noble guidance of Dr. R. R. PATIL, Professor and University Head (Agril.
Entomology), UAS, Dharwad. I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude and heartfelt
thanks for his inspiring guidance, meritorious support, sustained interest in planning and
execution of research, meticulous and critical evaluation of the manuscript, personal interest,
genuine counseling, continuous and unitary words of encouragement.
The moral zeal and constant assurance at every count bestowed by members of my
advisory committee Dr. B. S. NANDIHALLI, Professor (Department of Agril. Entomology)
college of Agriculture, Dharwad UAS, Dharwad, Dr. V. I BENAGI Director of Extension UAS,
Dharwad and Dr. S. I. HALIKATTI I/C Dean (Agri), College of Agriculture, Hanumanamatti,
UAS, Dharwad, for their timely suggestions from the beginning of this investigation, valuable
counsel and keen interest have helped me to shape this manuscript in the present form.
I am extremely delighted to place on record my profound sense of gratitude to Dr. G.
M. Patil, Professor and Head, Department of Agril. Entomology, Dr. R. S. Girradi, Dr. H.N.
Sattagi, Dr. R. K. Patil, Dr. S. Viraktamath, Dr. Shekharappa, Dr. S. G. Rayar Dr. C. M. Rafee
and Dr V. B. Nargund prof. department of Plant Pathology for their unstinted support, critical
comments and valuable suggestions during the study and research work.
My diction do not seem to be rich enough to translate gratitude’s into words, the
timely help extended by my seniors Dr. Mallappa, Dr. Chouradi, Dr. Manjunath, Dr. Prakash,
Dr. Kiran Gandhi, Dr. Ganesh, Dr. Girish, Dr. H.Gadad, Dr. Sunil Satyareddi, Dr. G. B.
Tuppad, Dr. Kiran Hegde, Dr. Tejagowda, Dr. Nagaraj, Dr. Muttanna, Ningaraj,
Murgendra,Umesh, Jeer Vinayak, Kuber, Venkanna, Rohit and Prakash, Kiran Hedge,
Majunath Kulkarni, Gururaj,Nagaraj, Nataraj,
The contribution of my all UG and PG friends who open heartily spared their time and
helped me in the completion of my research work touches my heart and I extend my heartfelt
thanks to them, especially to all my classmates Veena, Somu, Ravi, Preeti, Amita, Divya,
Guru, Harish, Madurima, Pushpalata, Rajshekhar, Renuka, Santosh, Shivakumar,
Shreelakshmi, Syllab, Yogeesh, Vignesh, Vinod, Sheik peer, Shivanand Khandal, Veeru
maragol, Bheemu dada, Veeresh, Sunil, Sunil Shirasangi, Ajinkya, Shashi, Chetan, Raju,
Naganagouda, Satish, Madhu, Ravi and my juniors Basavaraj, Vikram, Nemachandra,
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Shashi, Guru, Beerappa, Indrakumar, Sharan, Chetan, Shridhar, Rajesh, Nikhi, Marthand,
Sunil, Vijay and I m very much thankful to Chidanand and Ravi.
I sincerely acknowledge the blessings by my Grandam Mahadevi. C. Maisalgi, and
my beloved parents Smt. Mahadevi. S. Maisalgi and Mr. Shreeshail. C. Maisalgi, and support
given by Sweet Sister GEETA and lovely Brother RAMESH.
Finally, I thank Mr. Kalmesh and Mr. Arjun (Arjun Computers) for their timely and
skilful typing for neat binding of the manuscript.
………any omission in this short manuscript doesn’t mean lack of gratitude.

DHARWAD
JUNE, 2015 (SURESH)
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CONTENTS

Sl.
Chapter Particulars
No.
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF PLATES
LIST OF APPENDIX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 Taxonomy of giant African snail, A. fulica
2.2 Origin and distribution of giant African snail, A. fulica
2.3 Pest status of giant African snail, A. fulica
2.4 Roving survey on the incidence of giant African snail,
A. fulica on major crops
2.5 Management of snails
3. MATERIAL AND METHODS
3.1 Roving survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina
fulica Bowdich on major crops grown in different villages of
Dharwad district
3.2 Management of giant African snail (GAS)
4. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
4.1 Roving survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina
fulica Bowdich on major crops grown in different villages
4.2 Laboratory evaluation of botanical extracts and poison baits
against giant African snail, A. fulica
4.3 Field evaluation of botanical extracts and poison baits against
giant African snail, A. fulica in groundnut
4.4 Yield and economics
5. DISCUSSION
5.1 Roving survey on the incidence of giant African snail,
A. fulica on major crops grown in different villages of Dharwad
district
5.2 Management of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
Title
No.
Details of treatments imposed under laboratory condition against giant
1
African snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich
Details of treatments imposed under laboratory condition against eggs of
2a
giant African snail, A. fulica
Details of treatments imposed under laboratory condition against different
2b
stages of giant African snail, A. fulica
Roving survey on the incidence of giant African snail, A. fulica on major
3
crops grown in different villages
Laboratory evaluation of botanical extracts against neonates (7-20 mm)
4
of giant African snail, A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of botanical extracts against juveniles (20-45 mm)
5
of giant African snail, A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of botanical extracts against adults (45-110 mm) of
6
giant African snail, A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of insecticides against eggs of giant African snail,
7
A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of poison baits against neonates (7-20 mm) of
8
giant African snail, A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of poison baits against juveniles (20-45 mm) of
9
giant African snail, A. fulica
Laboratory evaluation of poison baits against adults (45-110 mm) of giant
10
African snail, A. fulica
Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail,
11
A. fulica in groundnut at 15 DAS
Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail,
12
A. fulica in groundnut at 30 DAS
Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail,
13
A. fulica in groundnut at 45 DAS
Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail,
14
A. fulica in groundnut at 60 DAS
Field evaluation of insecticides against eggs of giant African snail, A.
15
fulica in groundnut

Contd….
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Table
Title
No.
Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail,
16
A. fulica in groundnut at 15 DAS
Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail,
17
A. fulica in groundnut at 30 DAS
Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail,
18
A. fulica in groundnut at 45 DAS
Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail,
19
A. fulica in groundnut at 60 DAS
20 Cost economics as influenced by different botanical extracts in groundnut
21 Cost economics as influenced by different poison baits in groundnut
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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure
Title
No.
1 Survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
Bowdich in Channapur village
2 Survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
Bowdich in Giriyal village
3 Survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
Bowdich in Veeralapur village
4 Survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
Bowdich in Ramapur village
5 Survey on the incidence of giant African snail, Achatina fulica
Bowdich in Belagli village
6 Per cent damage by giant African snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich on
different crops in different villages
7 Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail,
Achatina fulica Bowdich in groundnut crop
8 Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail, Achatina
fulica Bowdich in groundnut crop
9 Pod yield as influenced by different botanical extracts against giant
African snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich in groundnut
10 Pod yield as influenced by different poison baits against giant African
snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich in groundnut
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LIST OF PLATES

Plate
Title
No.
1 Experimental set up for laboratory evaluation of botanical extracts
2 General view of field experiment
3 Hiding population of giant African snail, A. fulica on fruit crops
(Sapota and guava)
4 Damage by giant African snail on different crops
5 Laboratory evaluation of Thevetia peruviana kernel extracts
against different sized snails
6 Ovicidal action of insecticides
7 Laboratory evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail
8 Field evaluation of botanical extracts against giant African snail in
groundnut
9 Field evaluation of poison baits against giant African snail in
groundnut