Surgical Recall, 6th Edition

822 Pages·2011·6.325 MB·English

by  Lorne H. Blackbourne

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SURGICAL RECALL
6th Edition
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SURGICAL RECALL
6th Edition
RECALL SERIES EDITOR AND SENIOR EDITOR
Lorne H.Blackbourne,M.D.,F.A.C.S.
Trauma,Burn,and Critical Care Surgeon
San Antonio,Texas
“In the operating room we can save more lives,cure more
cancer,restore more function,and relieve more suffering
than anywhere else in the hospital.”
—R.SCOTT JONES,M.D.
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Acquisitions Editor:Susan Rhyner
Product Manager:Joyce Murphy
Marketing Manager: Joy Fisher-Williams
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Compositor: Aptara, Inc.
Sixth Edition
Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2006, 2002, 1998, 1994 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Surgical recall / Recall series editor and senior editor, Lorne H.
Blackbourne, M.D., F.A.C.S., Trauma, Burn, and Critical Care Surgeon,
San Antonio, Texas. – 6th edition.
p. ; cm. – (Recall series)
Includes index.
Summary: “Written by students, residents, and experts in the field,
Surgical Recall faciliatates rapid review and memorization with a
concise question-and-answer format”–Provided by publisher.
ISBN 978-1-60831-421-8 (alkaline paper)
1. Surgery–Examinations, questions, etc. I. Blackbourne, Lorne H.,
editor. II. Series: Recall series.
[DNLM: 1. Surgical Procedures, Operative–Examination Questions. WO
18.2]
RD37.2.S9748 2012
617.0076–dc22
2010044314
DISCLAIMER
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe generally
accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions
or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed
or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Appli-
cation of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner;
the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recom-
mendations.
The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage
set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publi-
cation. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of
information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for
each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is partic-
ularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug.
Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to
ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice.
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to the memory of Leslie E. Rudolf,
Professor of Surgery and Vice-Chairman of the Depart-
ment of Surgery at the University of Virginia. Dr. Rudolf
was born on November 12, 1927, in New Rochelle, New
York. He served in the U.S. Army Counter-Intelligence
Corps in Europe after World War II.
He graduated from Union College in 1951 and
attended Cornell Medical College, where he graduated
in 1955. He then entered his surgical residency at
Peter Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts,
and completed his residency there, serving as Chief Resident Surgeon
in 1961.
Dr. Rudolf came to Charlottesville, Virginia as an Assistant Professor of
Surgery in 1963. He rapidly rose through the ranks, becoming Professor of
Surgery and Vice-Chairman of the Department in 1974 and a Markle Scholar
in Academic Medicine from 1966 until 1971. His research interests included
organ and tissue transplantation and preservation. Dr. Rudolf was instrumen-
tal in initiating the Kidney Transplant Program at the University of Virginia
Health Sciences Center. His active involvement in service to the Char-
lottesville community is particularly exemplified by his early work with the
Charlottesville/Albemarle Rescue Squad, and he received the Governor’s Citation
for the Commonwealth of Virginia Emergency Medical Services in 1980.
His colleagues at the University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, includ-
ing faculty and residents, recognized his keen interests in teaching medical
students, evaluating and teaching residents, and helping the young surgical
faculty. He took a serious interest in medical student education, and he would
have strongly approved of this teaching manual, affectionately known as the
“Rudolf” guide, as an extension of ward rounds and textbook reading.
In addition to his distinguished academic accomplishments, Dr. Rudolf was
a talented person with many diverse scholarly pursuits and hobbies. His advice
and counsel on topics ranging from Chinese cooking to orchid raising were
sought by a wide spectrum of friends and admirers.
This book is a logical extension of Dr. Rudolf’s interests in teaching. No one
book, operation, or set of rounds can begin to answer all questions of surgical
disease processes; however, in a constellation of learning endeavors, this effort
would certainly have pleased him.
John B. Hanks, M.D.
Professor of Surgery
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia
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Editors and Contributors
ADVISOR:
Curtis G. Tribble, M.D. Rupen G. Modi, M.B.A.
Professor of Surgery
Paymann Moin, B.S.
University of Mississippi
Jackson, Mississippi Todd M. Morgan, M.D.
Andrew Newman, B.S.
PAST EDITORS AND
CONTRIBUTORS: Louis Pizano, M.D.
Bruce Crookes, M.D. Dimitris G. Placantonakis,
M.D. PH.D.
C. Suzanne Cutter, M.D.
Justin Yovino, M.D.
Alfa O. Diallo, M.D.
Esteban Ambrad-Chalela,
Matthew Edwards, M.D.
M.D.
Ara J. Fienstein, M.D.
David Chessin, M.D.
E. William Johnson, M.D.
Owen Johnson, B.S.
Peter Lopez, M.D.
Peter T. Kennealy, M.D.
Martin I. Newman, M.D.
Geoffery Lam, M.D.
Carl Schulman, M.D.
Garrett Nash, M.D.
David Shatz, M.D.
Inderpal Sarkaria, M.D.
Nicholas R. Alverez, B.S.
Alysandra Schwarz, M.D.
Jos Amortequi, M.D.
Ali Vafa, M.D.
Joshua I. Bleier, M.D.
Nabil Wasif, M.D.
Andrew Cameron, M.D.
INTERNATIONAL EDITORS:
Diane Diesen, M.D.
Mohammad Azfar, M.B.B.S.,
Gladys L. Giron, M.D.
F.R.C.S.
Lawerence V. Gulotta, M.D. General Surgeon
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Fahim Habib, M.D.
Jennifer Hall, M.D. Gwinyai Masukume, M.B.CH.B.
University of Zimbabwe
David King, M.D.
College of Health Sciences
Joseph Michaels V, M.D. Harare, Zimbabwe
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Foreword
Surgical Recall represents the culmination of several years’ effort by Lorne
Blackbourne and his friends, who began the project when they were third-year
medical students. Lorne, who completed his residency in General Surgery at
the University of Virginia, has involved other surgical residents and medical
students to provide annual updates and revisions.
This reflects the interest, enthusiasm, and true dedication to learning and
teaching that permeates the medical school classes and surgical residencies in
our institution. It is an honor, privilege, and a continuing stimulus to work in
the midst of this group of dedicated young people. I congratulate all the stu-
dents and residents involved in this project and also acknowledge the leader-
ship of the surgical faculty. The professor’s ultimate satisfaction occurs when
all the learners assume ownership of learning and teaching.
This book encompasses the essential information in general surgery and sur-
gical specialties usually imparted to students in our surgical clerkship and
reviewed and developed further in electives. Developed from the learner’s
standpoint, the text includes fundamental information such as a description of
the diseases, signs, symptoms, essentials of pathophysiology, treatments, and
possible outcomes. The unique format of this study guide uses the Socratic
method by employing a list of questions or problems posed along the left side of
the page with answers or responses on the right. In addition, the guide includes
numerous practical tips for students and junior residents to facilitate compre-
hensive and effective management of patients. This material is essential for
students in the core course of surgery and for those taking senior electives.
R. Scott Jones, M.D.
University of Virginia
Charlottesville, Virginia
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Preface
Surgical Recallbegan as a source of surgical facts during my Surgery Clerkship
when I was a third-year medical student at the University of Virginia. My goal
has been to provide concise information that every third-year surgical student
should know in a “rapid fire,” two-column format.
The format of Surgical Recall is conducive to the recall of basic surgical
facts because it relies on repetition and positive feedback. As one repeats the
question-and-answer format, one gains success.
We have dedicated our work to the living memory of Professor Leslie
Rudolf. It is our hope that those who knew Dr. Rudolf will remember him and
those who did not will ask.
Lorne H. Blackbourne, M.D., F.A.C.S
Trauma, Burn, and Critical Care Surgeon
San Antonio, Texas
P.S. We would like to hear from you if you have any corrections, acronyms, and
classic ward or operating room questions (all contributors will be credited).
You can reach me via e-mail in care of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at
[email protected].
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