Surgical Anatomy

357 Pages·2014·0.79 MB·English

by  Joseph Maclise

Surgical Anatomy
Joseph Maclise
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Surgical Anatomy, by haddisintegrated,butthepaperandprintingwasinamaz-
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Footnotes are indicated by “[Footnote]” where they appear
Title: Surgical Anatomy in the text.
Author: Joseph Maclise The body of the footnote appears immediately following
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*** START OFTHISPROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK
A few obvious misspellings have been corrected. Several
SURGICAL ANATOMY ***
cases of
Produced by Don Kostuch
alternate spelling of the same(?) word have not been mod-
[Transcriber’s Notes] ified.
Thanks to Carol Presher of Timeless Antiques, Valley, Al- Pages have been reorganized to avoid splitting sentences
abama, for and paragraphs.
lendingtheoriginalbookforthisproduction. The140year Each image is inserted immediately following its descrip-
old binding tion.
Some of the plates did not fit on the scanner and were Pronounced, generalized edema; accumulation of serous
captured as two fluid in various
separate images. The merged images show some artifacts tissues and cavities of the body.
of the merge
anastomosing (anastomoses, anastomosis)
process due to slightly different lighting of the page. The
Communication between blood vessels by means of collat-
contrast and
eral channels,
gamma values have been adjusted to restore the images.
when usual routes are obstructed. Opening between two
To view a figure while reading the corresponding text, try organs or spaces
opening the
that normally are not connected.
file in two windows. For some viewers, you may have to
aneurism
copy the file and
Localizedblood-filleddilatationofabloodvesselcausedby
open both the copy and the original.
disease
Here are the definitions of some words used in the text.
or weakening of the vessel’s wall.
Medical terms
anthropotomist (anthropotomy)
are defined only relating to humans. Words are omitted
that have One versed in human anatomy.
ambiguousortechnicalmeaningsnotexpressibleinlaylan- aorta (aortic)
guage.
Main trunk of the arterial system, conveying blood from
acromial (acromion) the left
Outward end of the spine of the scapula or shoulder blade. ventricle of the heart to all of the body except the lungs.
adipose apices (plural of apex)
Consisting of, resembling, or relating to fat. Pointed end of an object; the tip.
anasarca aponeurosis
Sheet-like fibrous membrane, resembling a flattened ten- bistoury
don, that
Long, narrow surgical knife for minor incisions.
servesasafasciatobindmusclestogetherorasameansof
bougie
connecting muscle to bone.
Slender,flexibleinstrumentintroducedintobodypassages,
armamentaria to dilate,
Complete equipment of a physician or medical institution, examine, or medicate.
including
brachial (brachio)
books, supplies, and instruments.
Belonging to the arm.
auscultation
bubonocele
Listening, eitherdirectlyorthroughastethoscopeorother
Inguinal hernia, in which the protrusion of the intestine is
instrument, to sounds within the body as a method of di- limited
agnosis.
to the region of the groin.
axilla (axillary) cannula
Armpit. Metal tube for insertion into the body to draw off fluid or
to
azygos
introduce medication.
Occurring singly; not one of a pair.
carotid
bifid
Two large arteries, one on each side of the head.
Separated or cleft into two equal parts or lobes.
cephalic
biliary
Relating to the head.
Relating to bile, the bile ducts, or the gallbladder; trans-
porting cervical
bile. Pertaining to the neck.
chlorotic A smoothly grooved instrument used with a knife to limit
the incision
Benign iron-deficiency anemia in adolescent girls, marked
by a pale of tissues.
yellow-green complexion. distal
clavicle Situated away from the point of origin or attachment.
Either of two slender bones extending from the upper part dropsy (dropsical) (edema)
of the
Swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid in
sternum (breastbone) to the shoulder. cells,
coaptation tissues, or serous cavities
Joining together of two surfaces, such as the edges of a emphysema
wound or the
Chronic,irreversiblediseaseofthelungs;abnormalenlarge-
ends of a broken bone. ment of
condyle air spaces in the lungs accompanied by destruction of the
tissue
Smooth surface area at the end of a bone, forming part of
a joint. lining the walls of the air spaces.
costal emunctory
Pertaining to the ribs or the upper sides of the body. Organorductthatremovesorcarrieswastefromthebody.
cremaster epigastric (epigastrium)
Suspensory muscle of the testis. Upper middle region of the abdomen.
crural episternal
Relating to the leg or thigh. See sternum.
director esophagus
See oesophagus. foramen (foramina)
euphoneously (euphoniously) Opening, orifice, or short passage, as in a bone.
Pleasant in sound; agreeable to the ear; fossa (fossae)
exigence Small cavity or depression, as in a bone.
hepatic
Urgency, need, demand, or requirement intrinsic to a cir-
cumstance.
Pertaining to the liver.
extravasation herniae (hernia)
Exudingorpassingoutofavesselintosurroundingtissues; Protrusion of an organ or tissue through an opening in its
said of surrounding
blood, lymph or urine walls, especially in the abdomen.
fascia humerus
Abandofconnectivetissuesupporting,orbindingtogether Boneinthearmofhumansextendingfromtheshoulderto
internal the elbow.
organs or parts of the body. hydragogue
femoral Cathartics that aid in the removal of edematous fluids and
thus
Pertainingto,orsituatedat,in,ornearthethighorfemur.
promote the discharge of watery fluid from the bowels.
fistula
hydrocele
Abnormalductorpassageresultingfrominjury,disease,or
An accumulation of serous fluid, usually about the testis.
a
hydrops
congenitaldisorderthatconnectsanabscess,cavity,orhol-
low organ See dropsy. Edema.
to the body surface or to another hollow organ. iliac artery
Commoniliacartery—eitheroftwolargearteriesthatcon- integument
duct blood
Natural covering, coating, enclosure, etc., as a skin, shell,
to the pelvis and the legs. External iliac artery—the outer or rind.
branch of
laryngotomy
an iliac artery that becomes the femoral artery. Hypogas-
Cutting into the larynx, from the outside of the neck, to
tric
assist
artery—internal iliac artery; the inner branch of an iliac
respiration, or to remove foreign bodies.
artery
ligature
that conducts blood to the gluteal region.
Thread or wire for constriction of blood vessels or for re-
infundibuliform
moving
Shaped like a funnel.
tumors by strangulation.
inguinal
lithotomy
Relating to, or located in the groin.
Surgery to remove one or more stones from an organ or
innominate duct.
Designated parts otherwise unnamed; as, the innominate meatus
artery, a great
Bodyopeningsuchastheopeningoftheearortheurethral
branchofthearchoftheaorta;theinnominatevein,agreat canal.
branch
metamorphosis
of the superior vena cava.
Profound change in form from one stage to the next, as
inosculate from the
Unitebyopenings;connectorjoinsoastobecomeormake caterpillar to the pupa and from the pupa to the adult
continuous, butterfly.
as fibers; blend, unite intimately micturition
Passing urine; urination. Salivary gland situated at the base of each ear; near the
ear.
nares (naris)
percussion
Nostrils or the nasal passages.
Striking or tapping the surface the body for diagnostic or
nisus
therapeutic
Effort or endeavor to realize an aim.
purposes.
occiput
pericardii (pericardium)
Back part of the head or skull.
A double membranous sac protecting the heart. The layer
oesophagus (esophagus) in contact
Muscular membranous tube for the passage of food from with the heart is referred to as the visceral layer, the outer
the pharynx to layer
the stomach. in contact with surrounding organs is the parietal peri-
cardium.
osseous
peritoneum (peritonaeum)
Bone, bony;
Serousmembranethatlinesthewallsoftheabdominalcav-
palmar
ity and folds
Pertaining to, or located in the palm of the hand.
inward to enclose the viscera.
paracentesis
pharynx (pharyngeal)
Puncture of the wall of a cavity to drain off fluid.
The cavity, with its surrounding membrane and muscles,
parietes that connects
Wall of a body part, organ, or cavity. the mouth and nasal passages with the esophagus.
parotid physiology (physiologist)
Biological study of the functions of living organisms and Relatingtothehollowpartofthelegbehindthekneejoint.
their parts.
probang
platysma
Long, slender, elastic rod with a sponge at the end. It is
Broad,thinmuscleoneachsideoftheneck,fromtheupper introduced
part of
into the esophagus or larynx to remove foreign bodies or
the shoulder to the corner of the mouth. They wrinkle the introduce
skin of the
medication.
neck and depresses the corner of the mouth.
pudic
pleura
Pertaining to the external organs of generation.
Thinserousmembraneinmammalsthatenvelopseachlung
and folds back pyriform
to make a lining for the chest cavity. Shaped like a pear.
pleuritic (pleurisy) radius
Inflammation of the pleura, often as a complication of a Bone of the forearm on the thumb side. (See ulnar)
disease such
ramus
aspneumonia,accompaniedbyaccumulationoffluidinthe
A branch, as of a nerve, or blood vessel.
pleural
raphe
cavity, chills, fever, and painful breathing and coughing.
plexus Seamlike union between two parts or halves of an organ.
Network, as of nerves or blood vessels. ratiocination
pneumothorax Logical reasoning.
Air or gas in the pleural cavity. sacculated
popliteal Formed with or having saclike expansions.
scirrhus Junction of two bones.
Hard dense cancerous growth usually arising from connec- symphysis
tive tissue.
Growing together, or the fixed or nearly fixed union, of
septa bones.
Thinpartitiondividingtwocavitiesorsoftmassesoftissue. taxis
sternum Replacing of a displaced part, or the reducing of a hernia,
by
Bonesextendingalongthemiddlelineoftheventralportion
of the manipulation without cutting.
body of most vertebrates, consisting in humans of a flat, tegument (tegumentary, integument)
narrow bone
Natural outer covering.
connected with the clavicles and the true ribs; breastbone.
thorax (thoracic)
stricture
Trunk between the neck and the abdomen, containing the
Abnormal narrowing of a duct or passage. cavity enclosed
subclavian by the ribs, sternum, and certain vertebrae, containing the
heart,
Beneath the clavicle.
lungs, etc.; chest.
submaxillary
trachea (tracheal)
Pertaining to the lower jaw.
Tubedescendingfromthelarynxtothebronchiandcarry-
sui generis
ing air to the
The only example of its kind; a class of its own; unique
lungs. Windpipe.
superficies
trephine (trephining)
Outward appearance.
Small circular saw with a center pin mounted on a strong
sutural hollow metal