Suicide in Children and Adolescents (Cambridge Child and Adolescent Psychiatry) PDF
Preview Suicide in Children and Adolescents (Cambridge Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
SuicideinChildrenandAdolescents Inanepochwhenratesofdeathandillnessamongtheyounghavesteadilydecreasedinthe faceofmedicalprogress,itisatragicironythatpersistentlyhighratesofyouthsuicideand suicideattemptsremainamongtheleadingcausesofdeathandmorbidityinthisotherwise vigorousagegroup.Thisworrisometrans-nationalpatternposesbothanurgentclinicaland theoreticalchallenge. Howcanthesedeathsbeprevented?Cantheybeanticipated?Arethereperceptiblepatterns ofriskandvulnerability?Whatroledofamilies,gender,culture,andbiologyplay?Whatare thetreatmentsforandoutcomesofsuicideattempters? To address these questions, experts from around the world in all areas of psychiatry, includingepidemiology,neurobiology,geneticsandpsychotherapy,havebroughttogether theircurrentfindingsinSuicideinChildrenandAdolescents. RobertA.KingisProfessorofChildPsychiatryandPsychiatryattheYaleChildStudyCenter atYaleUniversity. AlanApterisDirectoroftheFeinbergDepartmentofChildandAdolescentPsychiatryat theSchneiderChildren’sMedicalCenterofIsrael,andProfessorofPsychiatryattheSackler SchoolofMedicine,UniversityofTel-Aviv. CambridgeChildandAdolescentPsychiatry Childandadolescentpsychiatryisanimportantandgrowingareaofclinicalpsychiatry.Thelastdecade hasseenarapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeinthisfieldandhasprovidedanewunderstandingof theunderlyingpathologyofmentaldisordersintheseagegroups.Thisseriesisaimedatpractitioners and researchers both in child and adolescent mental health services and developmental and clinical neuroscience.Focusingonpsychopathology,ithighlightsthosetopicswherethegrowthofknowledge hashadthegreatestimpactonclinicalpracticeandonthetreatmentandunderstandingofmentalillness. Individualvolumesbenefitbothfromtheinternationalexpertiseoftheircontributorsandacoherence generatedthroughauniformsytleandstructurefortheseries.Eachvolumeprovidesfirstlyanhistorical overviewandacleardecriptiveaccountofthepsychopathologyofaspecificdisorderorgroupofrelated disorders.Thesefeaturesthenformthebasisforathoroughcriticalreviewoftheetiology,naturalhistory, management,preventionandimpactonlateradultadjustment.Whilsteachvolumeisthereforecomplete initsownright,volumesalsorelatetoeachothertocreateaflexibleandcollectableseriesthatshould appealtostudentsaswellasexperiencedscientistsandpractitioners. Editorialboard SerieseditorProfessorIanM.GoodyerUniversityofCambridge Associateeditors ProfessorDonaldJ.Cohen ProfessorDrHelmutRemschmidt YaleChildStudyCenter KlinikumderPhilipps-Universita¨t,Marburg,Germany DrRobertN.Goodman ProfessorDrHermanvanEngeland InstituteofPsychiatry,London AcademischZiekenhuisUtrecht ProfessorBarryNurcombe DrFredR.Volkmar TheUniversityofQueensland YaleChildStudyCenter Alreadypublishedinthisseries: HyperactivityandAttentionDisordersofChildhoodsecondeditioneditedbySeijaSandberg 0521789613PB OutcomesinNeurodevelopmentalandGeneticDisorderseditedbyPatriciaHowlin 0521797217PB PracticalChildandAdolescentPsychopharmacologyeditedbyStanKutcher 0521655420PB SpecificLearningDisabilitiesandDifficultiesinChildrenandAdolescents:PsychologicalAssessmentand EvaluationeditedbyAlanandNadeenKaufman 0521658403PB PsychotherapywithChildrenandAdolescentseditedbyHelmutRemschmidt 0521775582PB TheDepressedChildandAdolescentsecondeditioneditedbyIanM.Goodyer 0521794269PB SchizophreniainChildrenandAdolescentseditedbyHelmutRemschmidt 0521794285PB AnxietyDisordersinChildrenandAdolescents:Research,AssessmentandInterventioneditedbyWendy SilvermanandPhilipTreffers 0521789664PB ConductDisordersinChildhoodandAdolescenceeditedbyJonathanHillandBarbaraMaughan 0521786398PB AutismandPervasiveDevelopmentalDisorderseditedbyFredR.Volkmar 0521553865HB CognitiveBehaviourTherapyforChildrenandFamilieseditedbyPhilipGraham 0521572525HB 0521576261PB Suicide in Children and Adolescents Editedby Robert A. King YaleChildStudyCenter,YaleUniversity and Alan Apter SchneiderChildren’sMedicalCenterofIsraeland UniversityofTel-AvivMedicalSchool published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge ThePittBuilding,TrumpingtonStreet,Cambridge,UnitedKingdom cambridge university press TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB22RU,UK 32Avenue oftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia RuizdeAlarco´n13,28014Madrid,Spain DockHouse,TheWaterfront,CapeTown8001,SouthAfrica http://www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521622264 (cid:1)C CambridgeUniversityPress2003 Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2003 Reprinted2006 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge TypefacesDante11/14ptandDax SystemLATEX2ε [tb] AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary ISBN-13978-0-521-62226-4 paperback ISBN-100-521-62226-3 paperback Everyefforthasbeenmadeinpreparingthisbooktoprovideaccurateandup-to-dateinformationthatisin accordwithacceptedstandardsandpracticeatthetimeofpublication.Nevertheless,theauthors,editorsand publishercanmakenowarrantiesthattheinformationcontainedhereinistotallyfreefromerror,notleast becauseclinicalstandardsareconstantlychangingthroughresearchandregulation.Theauthors,editorsand publisherthereforedisclaimallliabilityfordirectorconsequentialdamagesresultingfromtheuseofmaterial containedinthisbook.Readersarestronglyadvisedtopaycarefulattentiontoinformationprovidedbythe manufacturerofanydrugsorequipmentthattheyplantouse. Thisvolumeisdedicatedtothememoryofourfriendsandteachers DonaldJ.Cohen,M.D.andJosephD.Noshpitz,M.D. M’dorl’dor Fromonegenerationtothenext Contents Listofcontributors pageix Preface xiii 1 Theepidemiologyofyouthsuicide 1 MadelynS.Gould,DavidShaffer,andTedGreenberg 2 Suicideandthe“continuumofadolescentself-destructiveness”: isthereaconnection? 41 RobertA.King,VladislavV.Ruchkin,andMaryE.Schwab-Stone 3 Adolescentattemptedsuicide 63 AlanApterandDanutaWasserman 4 Familialfactorsinadolescentsuicidalbehavior 86 DavidA.BrentandJ.JohnMann 5 Biologicalfactorsinfluencingsuicidalbehaviorinadolescents 118 AlanApter 6 Psychodynamicapproachestoyouthsuicide 150 RobertA.King 7 Cross-culturalvariationinchildandadolescentsuicide 170 MichaelJ.KelleherandDerekChambers 8 Anidiographicapproachtounderstandingsuicideintheyoung 198 AlanL.Berman 9 Assessingsuicidalbehaviorinchildrenandadolescents 211 CynthiaR.Pfeffer 10 Suicidepreventionforadolescents 227 IsraelOrbach vii viii Contents 11 Cognitivebehavioraltherapyafterdeliberateself-harminadolescence 251 RichardHarringtonandYounusSaleem 12 Follow-upstudiesofchildandadolescentsuicideattempters 271 JulieBoergersandAnthonySpirito 13 Childrenandadolescentsbereavedbyasuicidaldeath:implicationsfor psychosocialoutcomesandinterventions 294 CorneliaL.GalloandCynthiaR.Pfeffer Index 313 Contributors RobertA.King,M.D. RhodeIslandHospital ProfessorofChildPsychiatryandPsychiatry 593EddyStreet YaleChildStudyCenter Providence,RI02903USA 230SouthFrontageRoad tel:+1-401-444-4515 POB207900 fax:+1-401-444-7018 NewHaven,CN06511USA e-mail:[email protected] tel:+1-203-785-5880 fax:+1-203-737-5104 DavidA.Brent,M.D. e-mail:[email protected] AcademicChief,ChildandAdolescent Psychiatry AlanApter,M.D. WesternPsychiatricInstituteandClinic ProfessorofPsychiatry ProfessorofPsychiatry,Pediatrics SacklerSchoolofMedicine andEpidemiology UniversityofTel-AvivMedicalSchool UniversityofPittsburghSchoolof Chairman,Dept.ofChildandAdolescent Medicine Psychiatry 3811O’HaraStreet,Suite112 SchneiderChildren’sMedicalCenterofIsrael Pittsburgh,PA15213USA 14KaplanSt. tel:+1-412-624-5172 PetahTikva,Israel49202 fax:+1-412-624-7997 e-mail:[email protected] e-mail:[email protected] AlanL.Berman,Ph.D. DerekChambersM.A. ExecutiveDirector Research&ResourceOfficer AmericanAssociationofSuicidology NationalSuicideReviewGroup 4201ConnecticutAve.,N.W. WesternHealthBoard Washington,DC,20008USA Office10OrantownCentre tel:+1-202-237-2280 Oranmore,Galway,Ireland fax:+1-202-237-2282 tel:+353-91-787056 e-mail:[email protected] e-mail:[email protected] JulieBoergers,Ph.D. CorneliaL.Gallo,M.D. ClinicalAssistantProfessor AssistantClinicalProfessorofChild BrownMedicalSchool Psychiatry ix x Listofcontributors YaleChildStudyCenter NewYork,NY10032(011-61-3)9527-2867USA 230SouthFrontageRoad tel:+1-212-543-5000/5571 POB207900 fax:+1-212-543-6017or(212)781-0503 NewHaven,CN06511USA e-mail:[email protected] MadelynS.Gould,Ph.D.,M.P.H. IsraelOrbach,Ph.D. Professor Professor,DepartmentofPsychology PsychiatryandPublicHealth(Epidemiology) Bar-llanUniversity ColumbiaUniversity Ramat-Gan,Israel52900 NewYorkStatePsychiatricInstitute tel:+972-353-18174 1051RiversideDriveUnit72 fax:+972-353-50267 NewYork,NY10032USA e-mail:[email protected] tel:+1-212-543-5329 fax:+1-212-543-5966 CynthiaR.Pfeffer,M.D. ProfessorofPsychiatry,Directorofthe e-mail:[email protected] ChildhoodBereavementProgram WeillMedicalCollegeofCornellUniversity TedGreenberg,M.P.H. NewYorkPresbyterianHospital ResearchScientist 21BloomingdaleRoad,WhitePlains ColumbiaUniversity NY10605USA NewYorkStatePsychiatricInstitute e-mail:[email protected] 722West168thStreet NewYork,NY10032USA VladislavV.Ruchkin,M.D.,Ph.D. tel:+1-212-543-5931 AssistantProfessor e-mail:[email protected] InstituteofPsychiatry NorthernStateMedicalUniversity, RichardHarrington,M.B.B.S. Arkhangelsk,Russiacurrentlyalso: UniversityDepartmentofChildPsychiatry HewlettResearchFellowintheProgramon RoyalManchesterChildren’sHospital InternationalChildandAdolescentMental Pendlebury,Manchester,UK Health tel:+44-161-727-2401 YaleChildStudyCenter e-mail:[email protected] 230SouthFrontageRoad POB207900 MichaelJ.Kelleher,M.D.,M.Phil., NewHaven,CN06511USA F.R.C.P.I.,F.R.C.Psych.(deceased) tel:+1-203-785-2545 NationalSuicideResearchFoundation e-mail:[email protected] PerrottAvenue CollegeRoad YounusSaleem Cork UniversityDepartmentofChildPsychiatry Ireland RoyalManchesterChildren’sHospital Pendlebury,ManchesterUK J.JohnMann,M.D. tel:+44+161-727-2401 Dept.ofNeuroscience/Psychiatry NYStatePsychiatricInstitute MaryE.Schwab-Stone,M.D. ColumbiaPresbyterianMedicalCenter AssociateProfessorofChildPsychiatryand 722W.168thSt.,Box28 Psychology
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