Succession In Saudi Arabia PDF
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Q Succession in Saudi Arabia This page intentionally left blank Q Succession in Saudi Arabia Joseph A. Kechichian ISBN 978-1-349-99954-5 ISBN 978-0-312-29962-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-0-312-29962-0 SUCCESSIONINSAUDIARABIA Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2001 978-0-312-23880-3 © Joseph A. Kechichian, 2001 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner what- soever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in criti- cal articles or reviews. First published 2001 by PALGRAVE 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE is the new global publishing imprint of St. Martin’s Press LLC Scholarly and Reference Division and Palgrave Publishers Ltd (formerly Macmillan Press Ltd). ISBN978-0-312-23880-3 hardback Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kechichian, Joseph A. Succession in Saudi Arabia / Joseph A. Kechichian p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-312-23880-3 (cloth) 1. Saudi Arabia—Politics and government—20th century. 2. Saudi Arabia—Kings and rulers—Succession. I. Title. DS244.52.K44 2000 953.8—dc21 00–062607 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Letra Libre, Inc. First edition: June 2001 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Angelica, who gives meaning to it all Contents Acknowledgments xi A Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 The Kingdom in the Twentieth Century Decision-Makers Succession and Heir Apparent Abdallah Prince Sultan and the Sudayri Seven King Fahd’s Outlook King Fahd’s Offspring Pressures on Succession The Influences of Religion and Tribal Behavior on Succession The Legacy of Islamic Succession The Legacy of the Ottoman Empire The Legacy of the Rashid Dynasty Lessons Learned Methodological Approach Chapter 1 The Current Generation 23 The Al Saud Family: Size and Structure The Legacy of King Abdul Aziz Seniority Maternal Lineage Full Brothers Grandsons of Abdul Aziz Characteristics Descendants of Abdul Aziz’s Brothers Cadet Branches Aristocratic Families The Succession Issue Before King Fahd King Saud bin Abdul Aziz Assessment viii King Faysal bin Abdul Aziz Assessment King Khalid bin Abdul Aziz Assessment King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz Succession and Heir Apparent Abdallah Prince Sultan and the Sudayri Seven King Fahd’s Outlook The Succession Dilemma Chapter 2 The Next Generation 71 The 1992 Edict Salman bin Abdul Aziz New Leaders Biographical Details Muhammad bin Fahd Abdul Aziz bin Fahd Mit‘ab bin Abdallah Khaled bin Sultan Bandar bin Sultan Abdul Aziz bin Salman Sultan bin Salman Saud bin Faysal Turki bin Faysal Fahad bin Abdallah bin Muhammad Secularism, Religiousity, and Political Participation Regional Rivalries Western Encroachment Oil Policy Potential Alliances Cadet Branches of the Al Saud Chapter 3 Perceptions of Security Concerns 91 The Alliance with the Religious Establishment King Abdul Aziz and the Ikhwan Crises Under Saud bin Abdul Aziz (1958–1964) The 1970s Challenge to Prince Abdallah Uprisings in the Eastern Province (1950–1990) The 1979 Makkah Mosque Takeover and the Neo-Ikhwan Sunni Extremism ix Stability and Factionalism in the Armed Forces Uprisings in the 1950s Royal Saudi Air Force Defections (1962) Coup Plots (1969–1977) The Armed Forces in the War for Kuwait Security Perceptions The Religious Opposition The Al Saud Response The Worldly Opposition The CDLR’s Influence The Al Saud Response The Iraqi Threat The Iranian Threat Elite Views Toward Iran Evolving Elite Views Toward Iran An Assessment of the Iraqi and Iranian Threats Chapter 4 Direction of Family 129 A Family Corrective Move The Challenge The Response Military Opposition The Challenge The Response Revolution and Disintegration The Challenge The Response An Assessment of the Three Responses Chapter 5 An Assessment of the New Alliances 141 Ruling Family Politics An Assessment of the New Alliances Conclusion Appendices 1. Interviews 155 2. Chronology 161 3. Mainline of Succession and Cadet Branches 169 4. Twentieth-Century Al Saud Leaders 171
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