subsp. nov. interdum aliquot apice paniculatae laxiflorae. diametro

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Acta Bot.Neerl. 26(6),December 1977,p. 471-488.
New taxa and combinations in
Rutaceae
R.C. Kaastra
Instituut voorSystematische Plantkunde,Utrecht
New taxa andcombinations arepublishedhere in anticipationoftherevision ofthe Ruta-
ceae-Pilocarpinaetobe publishedin thenearfuture (thesis, and in Flora Neotropica).Two
new combinations ofspecies excluded from subtribe Pilocarpinaeare added.
Esenbeckia pentaphylla (Macfadyen) Grisebach subsp. belizensis (Lundell)
Kaastra, slat. nov.
Basionym: Esenbeckiabelizensis Lundell, Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 6: 33.
1941.
Esenbeckia pentaphylla (Macfadyen) Grisebach subsp. australensis Kaastra,
subsp. nov.
Arbor 10-15m trunco 5-25 (-40?) cm diametro.Folia trifoliolatafoliolis
apice acuminateacumine ipso obtuso vel interdumaliquot apice obtuso vel
rotundo. Inflorescentiaepaniculatae laxiflorae. Flores circa 8 mm diametro,
fragrantes. Petala3.7-4,0 x 2.0-2.2 mm,papyracea hemidiaphana, alba.Fila-
menta 3.5-4.0mmlonga. Discus circa2.0mm diametro, velutovarium dense
strigillosum pilis 0.1-0.3 mm longis. Fructus clausi 2.4-2.8 x circa 2.9 cm,
fructus dehisci 3.4-4.0 cm, ubi immaturidense pilosi deinde glabrescentes.
Semennitidumarea chalazinamanifesta.
Typus: A. Dugand G. 536, Colombia, Atlantico, El Pajar forest, alt. 60-
300 m, fr., 29 Mar. 1934 (holotypus, F726782; isotypi, G, US 2x).
The fully grownbut not yet mature fruits ofthis subsp. are minutelypu-
bescent, while those ofthe othersubsp. are glabrous. For therest, thefruits
are much like thoseofsubsp. pentaphylla, with its secondary apophyses.
Esenbeckia berlandieri Baillon ex Hemsley subsp. litoralis (Donnell Smith)
Kaastra, stat. nov.
Basionym: Esenbeckia litoralis J. Donnell Smith, Bot. Gaz. (Crawfords-
ville)23;242.22 Apr. 1897.
Esenbeckia berlandieriBaillonex Hemsley subsp. acapulcensis (Rose) Kaastra,
stat. nov.
Basionym: Esenbeckia acapulcensis Rose, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 5:111
t.3. f. 1-7. 1897.
EsenbeckiafeddemaeKaastra, spec, nov.,fig. I.
Frutex vel arbor parva. Foliaalterna (tri-, quadri-) quinquefoliolata. Pe-
tiolus semiteres canaliculatus, 3-8 cm longus, pilosus. Petiolulus usque ad
472 R. C. KAASTRA
Fig. 1. Esenbeckia feddemaeKaastra, holotype(MICH).
473
NEWTAXAAND COMBINATIONS INRUTACEAE
1 cm longus. Laminafoliolorumelliptica vel parum obovata basi (longe) at-
tenuata gradatim decurrentiinpetiolulum,foliolorumlateraliumbasi inaequa-
li, apice obtuso rotundo vel parum acuminatosaepe leviterrecurvo, ad 7.5-
18.5 x 4.3-7.7cm, utrinque pilosa, praesertim subtusadtactum mollis, vena
mediasupraplana. Inflorescentiaeterminalesfoliisbrevissimae, pilosae. Flores
9.0-9.5 mm diametro, glabri. Lobi calycis aestivationequincunciali, depresse
ovatiapice rotundo, coriaceimargine pellucido-papyracea. Petalaaestivatione
quincunciali, ovata apice rotundo, pellucido-papyracea, cremea. Discus rosu-
laformis leviterdecemlobatus, infuscatus.Carpella purpureabasi solum con-
nata, posteaapophyse glandibus tuberculisque glandulosis instructa. Fructus
depressi stellatim quinquelobati truncati, 2.0-2.5cm alti, glabri.Loculi cornu
dorso-apicali erecto 1.0-1.3cm longo muniti, carinati, obsolete muricati acu-
leis 1-2 mm longis, commissuris nervatis extus. Semina ignota.
Typus: C. Feddema2699, Mexico, Michoacan, Rancho Chila, circa 20km
SEofCoahuayana,andcirca5km NWofAquila,fl.,23Nov. 1963(holotypus,
MICH; isotypus, MICH).
This new species is close to E. berlandieri. Thehairs in the vegetative parts
are, however, longer and they are spreading. The inflorescences are shorter
withlarger flowers, whilethe carpels are provided with purple apophyses.
Esenbeckia collinaBrandegee subsp. conspecta Kaastra, subsp. nov.
Frutextenuis3 maltusramulis teretibus.Folia alterna vel subopposita pe-
tiolis porcatis foliolis lateralibusterminale minoribus, puberula pilis 0.3 mm
longis supraplus minusvepatentibus levitercurvatisinfraadpressis. Paniculae
frondosaeterminalesepartibus pluribus paniculatis erectis velpatentibus cora-
positae, quae6-7 x 4cm etbasi foliiferae, pedicellis 3.0-3.5mmlongis. Flores
10.5-11.0 mm diametro, odore carentes. Lobi calycis latissime vel depresse
ovati. Petala 4.8-5.0 x 2.5mm. Antherae2.0 x 1.3-1.5mm circumferentia,
cum apice mucronato 0.1 mm longo. Apophyses carpellorum 1.2-1.3 x 0.8
mmmagnaeiamin alabastromagnitudinis illius,tuberculispaucis 0.1-0.2mm
longis obsitae. Stylus 3.2 mm longus, parte libera 2.3 mm. Fructus ignoti.
Typus: B. L. Turner 2086, Mexico, Michoacan, 2 miles NW ofLa Placita,
45 airmiles SofColima, fl., 5 Jul. 1950(holotypus, MICH).
Compared with subsp. collina, thisnew subsp. has a less compact growth
with its non crowded leaves. The venation of the leaflets is more strongly
prominent, the flowersare larger and they seem to be darker, while the apo-
physes are smoother.Thereis someresemblance to E. warscewiczii inthe fila-
ments, the glabrous perianth, the longer flowerorgans, etc.
Esenbeckia irwinianaKaastra, spec,nov.,fig. 2.
Frutex pauciramosus vel arbor parva. Foliaalterna trifoliolatafoliolispe-
tiolulatis.Petiolus semiteres canaliculatus, 2-6 cm longus, dense pilosus. Pe-
tiolulus5-11 mm, foliolorumlateralium1-5mm. Laminafoliolorumobovata
vel elliptica basi rotundaobtusa vel brevissime attenuata, foliolorum latera-
lium inaequali, apice emarginato vel obtuso, 4-11 x 2.2-5.0 cm vel minor.
474
R. C. KAASTRA
Fig. 2. Esenbeckia irwiniana Kaastra, holotype(NY)
NEWTAXA AND COMBINATIONS INRUTACEAE 475
chartacea, suprapilosainfra pilosa veltomentosa pilis curvatis mollibus, vena
mediaimpressainpaginam superiorem. Inflorescentiaeterminalespaniculatae
epedunculis usquead duoscompositae, foliislongiores, densepilosae. Flores
8.5- mm diametro. Lobi calycis aestivatione quincunciali, late ovati ad
subcirculares, obtusi, crassissime coriacei, infra pilosi. Petala aestivatione
cochleari vel quincunciali, elliptica vel subobovata, obtusa vel rotunda, plus
minusve pellucido-papyracea, sulphurea, supra papillosa infrapilosa. Discus
cupulatus leviter lobatus, carnosus, glaber. Carpella connata, glabra, demum
tuberculisobsita et incana. Fructus depresse globosi stellatim quinquelobati,
1.5- cm alti,incani.Loculiapophyse dorso-apicali4-6 mmlonga instructi,
irregulariter muricati.Semenlacrimiformebasi-ventralitercomplanatum apice
breve curvirostrato. Embryo unus, punctatus, cotyledonibus inaequalibus.
Typus: H. S. Irwin, R. Reis dos Santos, et al. 23415, Brazil, Minas Gerais,
Serra do Espinhago, N of Grao Mogol, fl., 17Feb. 1969(holotypus, NY;
isotypus, U ex NY).
This species is close to E. pumila, but it can be distinguished vegetatively
by the slender petioles and the stalked leaflets.
Esenbeckia grandiflora Martins subsp. grandiflora var. intermedia(Martins
exEngler in Martins)Kaastra, stat.nov.
Basionym: Esenbeckia intermediaMartins ex Engler in Martins, Fl. bras.
12(2): 147. t. 32. f. 2. 1874.
Esenbeckia grandiflora Martins subsp. brevipetiolata Kaastra, subsp. nov.
Frutex 1-3 m. Petiolus2-5 (-8) mm longus. Lamina folioli 4.0-9.5 x 2.2-
5.0 cm vel minor, venis utrinque prominentibus. Inflorescentiae3-5 x 2 cm.
Bracteae circa 0.8 x 0.1 mm. Flores 7.5-8.0 mm diametro, virides, omnino
glabri. Lobicalycis 0.5-0.6 x 1.0-1.4mm. Petala3.5 x 2.0mm, coriacea.An-
theraenoncucullatae,0.7 x 0.6mm,nontumidissimae.Discus sulcatus usque
ad 1/6crassitudinis. Carpella circa0.7mmalta,tuberculisoblongis 0.2-0.3mm
longis obsita. Fructusaculeispaulo brevibus angulato-pyramidalibus circa2.5
mm longis armati, minus echinati quamin subspecie grandiflora.
Typus; R. P. Belem& M. Magelhaes 914, Brazil, Bahia, Marau,fl., 25 Apr.
1965(holotypus, NY ex UB).
Subspecies brevipetiolata resembles collectionsofE. grandiflora var. grandi-
flora from theeastern Braziliancoasts in a similar texture ofthe leaves. This
maybe dueto thesameecological conditions.It differs bytheshorter petioles
and thesmaller, glabrous flowers.
Esenbeckiaoligantha Kaastra, spec. nov.,fig. 3.
Frutex vel arbor parva, adpresso-pubescens pilis cremeis in partibus vege-
tativis praeter ramulos vetos.Foliaalterna, simplicia. Petiolus in pagina ada-
xiali leviter planatus, 2-15 cm longus. Laminaelliptica vel obovata, basi ro-
tunda vel obtusa inaequali, apice obtuso vel subacuminato, 4-11 x 2.5-8.5
cm, subeoriacea, costa supraplana deindecostata. Paniculaefrondosaetermi-
476
R. C.KAASTRA
Fig. 3.Esenbeckia oliganthaKaastra, holotype(U),
NEWTAXAAND COMBINATIONS INRUTACEAE 477
nales floribus paucis, foliis breviores, indumentoilli partium vegetativarum
simili. Flores 5-7-meri, circa 5.0-6.5 mm diametro.Lobi calycis aestivatione
aperta, latetriangulares, adpresse pubescentes infra etbasi supra. Petala val-
vata, ovato-elliptica apice acuminate et uncinato, coriacea, incrassata versus
apicem, flava, suprapapillosa infra sparsim strigillosa. Discus annularis5-7-
lobatus, glaber, laevis. Carpella connata, subglabra, apophyse apicali tuber-
culata instructa. Fructus 4-6-loculares, depressi stellatim lobati, 1.4-1.9 cm
alti,incani.Loculiapophyse dorsaliobtusaad3mm longaadcirca 1/3abapice
instructi, obsoletetuberculati.Semenunumin quoqueloculo.Embryones duo
semine.
Typus: W. R. Anderson, M. Stieber, et al. 36546, Brazil, Bahia, Espigao
Mestre, circa 23 km W of Barreiras, fl., 3 Mar. 1972 (holotypus, U ex NY;
isotypi, NY 9 x).
The present new species has much incommonwith E. cornuta and E. leio-
carpa. Thereare, however, strikingdifferences; the indumentis creamish with
thehairs less shining, the leaves are broader with a rounded or obtuse base,
the inflorescences are quitedifferent,as wellas theaestivation. Thefruitsdiffer
strongly from thoseofE. leiocarpa, butthey are probably moresimilarto the
poorly known fruitsofE. cornuta.
Esenbeckiapilocarpoides Kunthsubsp. maurioides(Martius) Kaastra, stal.nov.
Basionym :Esenbeckia maurioidesMartius, Nov. gen.sp.3:82.t. 232. 1831.
Synonym: Esenbeckia pilocarpoides Kunth var. maurioides (Martius) En-
gler in Martius, Fl. bras. 12(2): 144. 1874.
Esenbeckiaamazonica Kaastra, spec. nov.,fig. 4.
Arborparva vel frutex. Folia alterna, aliquando aliquot folia subopposita,
unifoliolatafoliolosessili. Petiolusplus minusve teres, alatus, 11-50mmlon-
gus, glaber. Laminafolioliobovata basi vulgo cuneata vel paulum brevissime
attenuata, apice (sub)acuminato acumine 6-9 (-16) mm longo, 8-31 x 2.8-
12.5cm, chartacea, utrinque subglabra. Inflorescentiaeterminales, circafolio-
rum longitudine, minute pubescentes. Flores (7-) 8-14 mm diametro. Lobi
calycis aestivatione quincunciali, latissime ovati vel cordiformes, obtusi, per
anthesin ex purpureo virides, utrinque glabri vel infra minute pubescentes.
Petala aestivatione imbricata, ovata, obtusa, chartacea, viridi-albabasi et
margine suprapurpurea vel atrorubra, utrinque minutepubescentia vel infra
glabra. Filamenta appendice basali radialiplus minusve globulosa instructa,
glabra. Discus annularis quinquepartitus, carnosus, purpureus, granulatus et
parum tuberculatus, glaber. Carpella vix connata, in parte supera apophyse
parvainstructa, tuberculisobsita, (sub)glabra. Fructus depressi stellatim quin-
quelobati, 1.5-2.5cm alti,(sub)glabri. Loculitantum connatiin parteinferna,
apophyse dorsaliinstructi ad 1/2-1/3ab basi, levitertuberculati, extuspromi-
nenter nervati. Semen oblique lacriforme.Embryo unus, punctatus, cotyledo-
nibus inaequalibus.
Typus: A.Ducke 1266,Brazil,Amazonas, Esperanga, nearmouthofRioJa-
478 R.C.KAASTRA
Fig.4. Esenbeckia amazonica Kaastra, holotype(US)
NEWTAXAANDCOMBINATIONSIN RUTACEAE 479
vary, fl.&fr.,28 Sep. 1942(holotypus, US2592220; isotypi. A,F,NY,R 3x ,
UC).
This species is close to E.pilocarpoides. It differs in the broader leaflets, in
the inflorescences, whichare twiceas long andwide,in theflowers, which are
larger in allaspects and differentin colour, and in the smootherfruits.
Esenbeckiascrotiformis Kaastra, spec, nov., fig.5.
Frutex vel arbor (?) indumentoepilis cremeisconstanti. Foliaalterna, tri-
foliolata.Petiolus semiteres canaliculatus, 4-9 cm longus. Petiolulus 0.5-10.0
mmlongus. Laminafoliolorumobovatavel elliptica basi attenuata inpetiolu-
lumdecurrenti, foliolorumlateraliumbasi inaequalissima, apice breve acumi-
nate acumine ipso emarginato vel retuso, 6.5-19.0 x 2.5-9.0 cm, chartacea,
utrinque minute puberula, vena media supra plana, venis lateralibus infra
prominentibus. Inflorescentiae terminates paniculatae ex inflorescentiis par-
tialibus usque ad tres compositae, foliorum longitudine breviores, floribus
paucis. Flores circa 9.5-12.0mm diametro, proterandri. Lobi calycis aestiva-
tione quincunciali, cordiformes, praeterbasimversus membranacei, infrasub-
glabri. Petalaaestivationevalvata marginibus interioribusinduplicatis, ovata
apiceultimoacuminate, coriaceasedbasi adcentrum teniora, supraatropur-
pureadensevillosapraeterbasinadcentrumpilis unicellularibuslilacinis usque
ad 1 mm longis, infraviridia glabra. Filamenta glabra, tumorebasali radiali
scrotiformi solidoinstructa. Discus cupulatus profunde incurvatus in quinque
partes bilobatas, papillatus. Carpella immersa in discum, connata, glabra,
apophyse apicali instructa. Fructus ignoti.
Typus: E. Ule 9501, Brazil, Acre, Seringal S. Francisco (near Rio Acre,
aboveInapari), fl., Sep. 1911 (holotypus, G; isotypi, K, L).
This species is distinct fromall others in Esenbeckia by its villous corolla
with valvate aestivation. It takes its name from the striking resemblance of
the filamentsto the genital parts of the humanmate.
Esenbeckia Kunthsubgenus Oppositifolia Kaastra, suhg. nov.
Folia(sub)opposita. Inflorescentiaeterminatesramulis lateralibus(sub)op-
positis. Flores proterandri. Lobicalycis pseudocosta glandulosa instructi.Pe-
talaaestivationeimbricato-valvata, nervatura camptodroma vel quodammodo
actinodromasuprabasali vel parallela. Antheraeinspatio 1/3-2/5(-1/2)abasi
affixae. Seminaplerumque duoinquoqueloculo, area chalazinafusca, endo-
spermii granularis reliquiis quantum scio.
Subgeneritypus: Esenbeckia febrifuga (Saint-Hilaire) Jussieu ex Martius.
Apart fromthe typespecies the following species belong to this subgenus:
E. densiflora (Chodat & Hassler) Hassler, andE. hieronymi Engler.
Esenbeckia Kunthsubgenus LateriflorensKaastra, suhg. nov.
Foliaalterna. Inflorescentiaelateralesdeminutae.Petalaaestivationevalva-
ta, unicostata.Antheraemediodorsifixae. Semenunuminquoqueloculoob-
servatum, area chalazina atrofusca, endospermio granulari destitutum.
480 R. C. KAASTRA
Fig. 5. Esenbeckia scrotiformis Kaastra,holotype(G).