Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 32 (3) : 556- 560 (July, 2007) ISSN1000(cid:1)0739 动物分类学报 STUDY ON THE GENUS SWAMMERDAMIA H(cid:1)BNER ( LEPIDOPTERA, YPONOMEUTIDAE) FROM CHINA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES LI Hou(cid:1)Hun1, FANXi(cid:1)Mei1, 2 1(cid:2)Collegeof LifeSciences, NankaiUniversity, Tianjin(cid:1) 300071, China, E(cid:1)mail:[email protected] 2(cid:2)JiaozuoTeachersCollege, Jiaozuo, Henan(cid:1) 454100, China Abstract(cid:1) Thispaper dealswithfour speciesofthe genusSwammerdamia H(cid:1)bner. S. zhengi sp. nov. andS. caudinigra sp. nov. are described asnewtoscience. S. caesiella (H(cid:1)bner) isrecordedforthefirsttimefromChina. Akeytothe Chinese speciesinthe genusand photographsof thenew speciesare provided. Key words(cid:1) Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae, Swammerdamia, new species, China. (cid:1) (cid:1) The genus Swammerdamia was erected by H(cid:1)bner in Keytothespecies of the genus Swammerdamia from China 1825. It is a small genus mostlyrecorded in theHolarctic 1(cid:2) Forewingmaculationindistinctexceptcostal edgewitha small whitespot atdistal 1(cid:1)6 (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) 2 Region. Three species occur in North America, but two Forewingbasallywith darkstripealong inner margin, distal 1(cid:1)6 black; of them are Holarctic species and only one of which is sacculus with about 15 scattered strong spines; ostium large, lamella endemic( Hodges et al., 1983; Doganlar, 1979). Nine postvaginaliscomposedofa pair reniformprocesses (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) species have been known in the Palaearctic Region and (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) S. caudinigra sp. nov. 2(cid:2) Aedeagus shorterthangenitalia; ductus bursaeshorter thanabdomen one is endemic to Madagascar ( Friese, 1960; Gibeaux, (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) 3 1984; Gershenson, 1981, 1997; Gershenson & Aedeagus longerthangenitalia; ductusbursaelongerthanabdomen (cid:2) Ulenberg, 1998; Junnilainen, 2001). To date, eleven (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) S. caesiella (H(cid:1)bner) species have been recorded worldwide in thegenus. One 3(cid:2) Sacculus withtwospinousclusters, bearingfivetosixandtenlargespines respectively; part ofductusbursaewithcarinaelongerthanentireductus of thesespecies, Swammerdamiapyrella (de Villers, 1789), bursae; signumlognitudinal, somewhatrhomboid (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) was reported to occur in China previously ( Moriuti, (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) S. zhengi sp. nov. 1977; Liu, 1981). Sacculuswithonetotwolargespines; partofductus bursaewithcarinae In the present paper, we describe two new species shorterthanentireductus bursae; signumtransverse (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) (cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2)(cid:2) S. pyrella (deVillers) and report one species fromChina for thefirsttime. The type specimens are deposited in the Insect Collection, Swammerdamia caesiella (H(cid:1)bner, 1796) New record to China College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, Tineacaesiella H(cid:1)bner, 1796. Samml. Eur. Schmett., 8: 65, Tin., pl. 25, China. f. 172. Swammerdamia H(cid:1)bner, [1825] Swammerdamiacaesiella: Frey, 1856. Tineen Pteroph. Schweiz., 55. Swammerdammia caesiella: Heinemann, 1870. Schmett. Deutsch. 2 Abt., 2 Swammerdamia H(cid:1)bner, [1825]. Verz. bek. Schmett.: 425. Type species: (1): 105. [PhalaenaTineapyrella deVillers, 1789= ] Tineacerasiella H(cid:1)bner, 18 [10(cid:1) Swammerdamiaheroldella H(cid:1)bner, 1825. Verz. Bek. Schmett., 425, no. 4187 13]. (newnameforcaesiellaH(cid:1)bner, 1796). Swammerdammia Heinemann, 1870. Schmett. Deutsch. 2 Abt. 2 (1): 104, Litaheroldella: Treitschke, 1833. Schmett. Eur., 9 (2): 97. no. 402(amendedspellingforSwammerdamia). Tineaheroldella: Duponchel, 1838. Hist. Nat. Lep. France, 11: 109 pl. Macrophanta Meyrick, 1932. Exot. Microlep., 4: 339. Type species: 289, f. 5. Macrophantaaulosma Meyrick, 1932. Swammerdamia heroldella H(cid:1)bner, [ 1825 ]. Verzeichniss bekannter Moriuti (1977) redescribed the genus indetail. The Schmetterlinge, Augsburg: 425. Tineanubeculella Tengstrom, 1848. NotisSallsk. Faun. FloraFennicaForh., adulthas a large or small hyaline space on hindwing in 1: 112. the Chinese specimens. Two species described in this Tineagriseocapitella Stainton, 1851. Cat. Brit. Tineid. Pterophorid. Sppl.: 3. paper have similar small lateral teeth near apex of Swammerdamiagriseocapitella: Stainton, 1854. Ins. Brit. Tineina: 56; Herrich(cid:1) aedeagus as some of the European species ( Agassiz, Schaffer, 1855. Schmett. Eur., 5: 281, f. 642; Stainton, 1870. Schmett. Deutsch., 2Abt. 2 1996). (1): 107. Host plants. Betulaceae: Betula sp.; Rosaceae: Swammerdamiacastaneae Busck, 1914. Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, 16: 148. Prunus sp. , Crataegus sp., Cydonia sp. , Malus sp.; Swammerdamiacuprescens Braun, 1918. Can. Ent., 50: 231. Fagaceae: Castanea sp. Wingspan11(cid:2)5mm. Distribution. Holarctica, Madagascar. TheresearchwassupportedbytheNational NaturalScienceFoundationofChinafortheSpecialProgram (2007(cid:1)2009). Received2Mar. 2007, accepted20Apr. 2007. 556 July, 2007 李后魂等: 腹巢蛾属研究及二新种记述 (鳞翅目, 巢蛾科) 557 (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Material examined. 1 , Xiaowutai, Weixian, narrowcingulum arm, about half of tegumen in length; Hebei Province, 1500m, 25July2000, leg. DUYan(cid:1)Li ventral plate as long as1(cid:1)4 of gnathal arm, densely with and LI Zhen(cid:1)Dong. denticles. Valva moderate, transtilla slender; sacculus Host plants. Betula sp., Alnus sp., Castanea dentata broad, apical margin protruded, with two spinous Borkh. clusters, inner one composed of 5(cid:1)6 long strong spines, Distribution. China ( Hebei) , Japan, Russia (Far outer one with about ten short spines. Saccus slender, East), Europe, North America. clavate, as long as tegumen. Aedeagus arched, about 1(cid:2)3times as long as valva, with small teeth near apex Swammerdamia pyrella (de Villers, 1789) laterally; cornuti consisting of two large and several tiny PhalaenaTineapyrella deVillers, 1789. CaroliLinn. Ent., 2: 515. Swammerdamiapyrella: Stainton, 1854. Ins. Brit. Tineina, 56. spines. Swammerdammiapyrella: Heinemann, 1870. Schmett. Deutsch., 2 Abt. 2(1): Famale genitalia (Figs(cid:2)7, 9). Papilla analis broad. 107. Apophysis posterior longer than apophysis anterior. Tineacerasiella H(cid:1)bner, 18 [10(cid:1)13], Samml. Eur. Schmett., 8, pl. 48, f. Antrum short and broad. Lamella postvaginalis well 332. Swammerdamia cerasiella: H(cid:1)bner, 1826. Verz. Bek. Schmett., 425, No. sclerotized, produced into a pair of oblong lobe(cid:1)like 4147. processes connected at middle, with hairs on caudal Litacerasiella: Treitschke, 1835. Schmett. Eur., 10(3): 200. margin. Ductus bursae about twice length of apophysis Tineacerasiella: Duponchel, 1838. Hist. Nat. Lep. 11: 105, pl. 287, f. 6. posterior, its posterior 3(cid:1)4 sclerotized, densely with Oecophorapasserella Zetterstedt, 1840. Ins. Lapponica, 1009. rough carinae; anterior 1(cid:1)4 membranous, gradually Swammerdamiapasserella: Benander, 1940. Opusc. Ent. Lund., 61. Swammerdamia variegata Tengstrom, 1869. Notis. Sallsk. Fauna Flora Fennica broadened. Corpus bursae large, nearly rounded, Forh., 10: 364. shorter than ductus bursae; signum large, somewhat Swammerdamiananivora Stainton, 1871. Ent. Annual, 1871: 96. rhomboid, densely with denticulate processes. Argyresthia sapporella Matsumura, 1931. 6000 Ill. Ins. Japan, 1096, no. Type material. Holotype , China, Mt. Xinglong 2264. (34!25∀N, 105!43∀E; alt. 2130m), Yuzhong County, Host plants. Prunus salicina Lindley, P. communis Gansu Province, 31 July 1993, leg. LI Hou(cid:1)Hun, L., P. cerasus L., P. domestica L. , P. avium ( L. ), genitalia slide No. FXM07001. Paratypes: 1 , P. ssiori Schm. , Crataegus sp., Cydonia obdonnia Mill., 14 # #, 30 July(cid:1)2 Aug. 1993, same data holotype; 1 Betula nana L., B. pendula Roth. , Malus praecox , 2 # #, Chengcheng ( 35!11∀N, 109!56∀E; alt. Borkh., M. silvestris Mill. ( Gershenson and Ulenberg, 1000m,), Shaanxi Province, 7 July 1987, 11 Aug. 1998). 1993, leg. LI Hou(cid:1)Hun; 1 , Dahua ( 36!43∀ N, Distribution. China ( Henan), Japan, Russia (Far 101!17∀E), Huangyuan, Qinghai Province, 18 Aug. East), Europe, North America. 1995, leg. ZHU Lan(cid:1)Fang; 1 , Neiqiu ( 37!18∀ N, 114!31∀E; alt. 670m,) , Hebei Province, 28July2000, Swammerdamia zhengi sp. nov. (Figs(cid:2)1, 3, 5, 7, 9) leg. YUHai(cid:1)Li. Adult ( Fig(cid:2)1). Wingspan 11(cid:2)0(cid:1)15(cid:2)0 mm. Head Diagnosis. This new species resembles white, with long scales. Face grayish brown, smooth. Swammerdamia pyrella ( de Villers). It can be distinguished Antenna: scape white, pecten white but distal half fromthe latter by the sacculus with two spinous clusters brown; flagellum dark brown, with narrow grayish inthemale genitalia, the lamella postvaginalis larger and annuli. Labial palpusgrayish white, second segmentwith the signum rhomboid in thefemale genitalia. scattered brown scales on outer surface; porrect or Etymology. This species is named in honor of slightly drooping. Thorax grayish white with scattered Professor ZHENG Zhe(cid:1)Min for his outstanding palebrowntodarkbrownscales, posterior endwith large contribution tothetaxonomic study ofinsects. blacktuft. Tegula slightly darker than thorax. Forewing Swammerdamia caudinigra sp. nov. (Figs(cid:2)2, 4, 6, 8, with costal margin gently arched, apical angle pointed, 10) outer margin oblique; ground colour grayish brown, with interrupt dark brown wide fascia from costal 2(cid:1)5 to Adult ( Fig(cid:2)2) . Wingspan 12(cid:2)5(cid:1)15(cid:2)0 mm. Head 2(cid:1)5 of posterior margin, forming large spot at middle of white. Face dark brown, with rough and large scales. cell and at 2(cid:1)3 of fold; costal edge with a white spot at Antenna: scape white, pecten white with distal half or distal 1(cid:1)6; cilia gray on posterior margin, pale brown to entirely dark brown; flagellum darkbrown, withgrayish dark brown on outer margin. Hindwing and cilia gray, brown annuli. Labial palpus brown, third segment with hyalinespace small and narrow. Legs dark brown, mid inner surface and apex white, porrect. Thorax grayish and hind tibiaegrayishbrown. Abdomengrayish brown. white, scattered with brown scales, posterior margin Male genitalia (Figs(cid:2)3, 5) . Socius slightly longer black with tuft at end. Tegula grayish white, outer than half of tegumen, its apical half slender, apex with margin dark brown. Forewing with costal margin nearly short thron. Tegumen with caudal margin produced, straight, apical angle bluntly pointed, outer margin anterior margin deeply concave at middle. Gnathos with oblique; ground colour grayish brown, with dark stripe (cid:1) 5(cid:1)58(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Vol. 32(cid:1) No. 3 (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Figs(cid:2)1(cid:1)6. Swammerdamia spp. 1(cid:1)2. Adults. 1. S. zhengi sp. nov., paratype. 2. S. caudinigra sp. nov., paratype. 3, 5. Male genitalia of S. zhengi sp. nov., holotype(5. Sacculusenlarged, genitaliaslideno. FXM07001). 4, 6. Malegenitalia ofS. caudinigra sp. nov., holotype (6. Sacculus enlarged, genitalia slide no. FXM07029). alonginner margin basally, distal 1(cid:1)6 black; costal edge andjoint; sacculus large, scattered with about 15 strong with a small unconspicuous white spot at distal 5(cid:1)6; cilia spines. Saccus slender, gradually narrow, as long as grayish white on posterior margin and black on outer tegumen. Aedeagus slightly arched, twice as long as margin. Hindwing and cilia gray, hyaline space large, valva, with small teeth near apex dorsally and minute about 1(cid:1)4as wide as and 1(cid:1)3 as long as hingwing. Fore spines at middle ventrally; cornuti composed of cluster of and mid legs dark brown except tibiae gray, hind leg tiny spines. grayish white. Abdomen gray. (cid:1) (cid:1) Famale genitalia (Figs(cid:2)8, 10) . Apophysis posterior Male genitalia ( Figs(cid:2)4, 6). Socius slender, about 1(cid:2)5times as longasapophysisanterior. Antrumnarrow, half length of tegumen, apex with short thron. Tegumen about same length as apophysis anterior, anterior 1(cid:1)3 with caudal margin straight, anterior margin deeply membraneous. Ostium large, rounded. Lamella concave atmiddle. Gnathos with narrow cingulum arm, postvaginalis well sclerotized, produced into a pair of about half length of tegumen; ventral plate ligulate, reniform processes, with hairs on caudal margin. Ductus membraneous. Valva short and broad, transtilla sinuate bursae abouttwice length of apophysis posterior, densely July, 2007 李后魂等: 腹巢蛾属研究及二新种记述 (鳞翅目, 巢蛾科) 559 (cid:1) Figs(cid:2)7(cid:1)10. Female genitalia ofSwammerdamia spp. 7, 9. S. zhengi sp. nov., paratype(9. Eighth abdomere enlarged, genitalia slide no. FXM07003). 8, 10. S. caudinigra sp. nov., paratype(10. Eighthabdomere enlarged, genitalia slide no. FXM07033). with rough carinae; anterior 1(cid:1)6 membranous, gradually (cid:1) (cid:1) (ed.), The Moths and Butterflies of Great BritainandIreland. 3: broadened, with tiny carinae. Corpus bursae large, Yponomeutidae(cid:1)Elachistidae. Harley Books, Colchester. 1(cid:1)452 pp. Doganlar, M. 1979. A new species of Swammerdamia Hbn. ovate; signum large, irregular rhomboid, densely with (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) from British Columbia. Canadian denticulateprocesses. Entomologist, 111(8): 967(cid:1)969. Type material. Holotype , China, Dashahe Friese, G. 1960. Revision der palaarktischen Yponomeutidae unter (28!53∀ N, 107! 36∀ E; alt. 1370m), Daozhen, besonderer Berucksichtingung der Genitalien (Lep.). Beitr. Ent., Berlin, 10(1(cid:1)2): 1(cid:1)131. Guizhou Province, 25 Aug. 2004, leg. XIAO Yun(cid:1)Li, Gershenzon, Z. S. 1981. Fam. Yponomeutidae(cid:1)ermine moths. Aguideto genitalia slide no. FXM07029. Paratypes: 3 , 2 # theinsects oftheEuropeanpartoftheUSSR. Lepidoptera. Opredeliteli #, alt. 1350(cid:1)1370m, 25(cid:1)26 Aug. 2004, same data as poFauneSSSRNo. 130: 331(cid:1)347. holotype. Gershenson, Z. S. 1997, Yponomeutidae, 440(cid:1)452. In: Ler, P. A. (ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. 5 Trichoptera and Diagnosis. This new species is different from other Lepidoptera, pt. 1. Dal∀nauka, Vladivostok. 1(cid:1)540. known species ofthe genus bytheforewingblackin distal Gershenson, Z. S. andUlenberg, Sandrine A. 1998. TheYponomeutinae 1(cid:1)6, the hindwing havinga especially large hyaline space (Lepidoptera) oftheWorldexclusiveoftheAmericas. i(cid:1)x, 1(cid:1)202. Gibeaux, C. 1984 Etude des microlepidopteres de Madagascar 3. at baseandthe sacculusbearingabout15strongspines on DescriptiondeSwammerdamiavilliersi, n. sp. RevueFrancaised∀Entomologie inner side in the malegenitalia; the ostium large and the (NouvelleSerie), 6(2): 83(cid:1)84. lamella postvaginalis reniform in the female genitalia. Hodges, R. W. et al. (eds.) 1983. Checklist of the Lepidoptera of Etymology. The specific name is derived from the AmericaNorth of Mexicoincluding Greenland. E. W. ClasseyLtd. andtheWedgeEntomological ResearchFoundation, London. 284pp. Latin prefix caud(cid:1) ( caudal) and Latin niger ( black), Junnilainen, J. 2001. Twonew species ofSwammerdamia fromtheSouthern referring toforewing with apical 1(cid:1)6black. UralMountainsandSouthernSiberia (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Acknowledgments (cid:1) We are grateful to Dr. J. EntomologicaFennica, 12(2): 112(cid:1)118. Liu, Y(cid:1)Q1981. Yponomeutidae. In: InstituteofZoology, AcademiaSinica Junnilainen (Finland) for sending us papers. (ed.), IconographiaHeterocerorumSinicorum. SciencePress, Beijing. 1: 1(cid:1)134. REFERENCES Moriuti, S. 1977. Yponomeutidae s. lat. (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Fauna Agassiz, D. J. L. 1996. Yponomeutidae. In: Emmet, A. Maitland Japonica. KeigakuPublicashing, Tokyo. 1(cid:1)327. (cid:1) 5(cid:1)60(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报(cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) (cid:1) Vol. 32(cid:1) No. 3 腹巢蛾属研究及二新种记述 (鳞翅目, 巢蛾科)* 李后魂1(cid:1) 范喜梅1, 2 1(cid:2) 南开大学生命科学学院(cid:1) 天津(cid:1) 300071 2(cid:2) 焦作师范高等专科学校(cid:1) 河南(cid:1) 454100 摘(cid:1) 要(cid:1) 对中国腹巢蛾属Swammerdamia H(cid:1)bner, (1825) 进行 采集资料同正模; 1 , 2 # #, 陕西澄城 (35!11∀N, 109!56∀ 了研究, 涉及到 4 个种: 桦腹巢 蛾 Swammerdamia caesiella E, 1000m),1987(cid:1)07(cid:1)07, 1993(cid:1)08(cid:1)11, 李后魂采; 1 , 青海 (H(cid:1)bner, 1796) (中国新纪录种), 淡腹巢蛾 Swammerdamia 湟源大华 (36!43∀ N, 101!17∀ E), 1995(cid:1)08(cid:1)18, 朱兰芳采; pyrella (de Villers, 1789), 郑氏腹巢蛾 Swammerdamia zhengi sp. 1 ,河北内丘 (37!18∀ N, 114!31∀ E; 670m),2000(cid:1)07(cid:1)28, 于 nov. 和黑尾腹巢蛾Swammerdamiacaudinigra sp. nov.。文中提供 海丽采。 了分种检索表和新种特征图。新种模式标本保存在南开大学 词源: 新种以著名昆虫学家郑哲民教授姓氏命名。 昆虫标本室。 黑尾腹巢蛾 (新种) Swammerdamia caudinigra sp. nov. (图 郑氏腹巢蛾, 新种 Swammerdamia zhengi sp. nov. (图 1, 3, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) 5, 7, 9) 新种容易与已知种区别: 其前翅端部1(cid:1)6 黑色, 后翅近 新种与淡腹巢蛾 Swammerdamia pyrella (de Villers) 相似, 基部有大型透明斑; 雄性抱器腹内面散布大约 15个强刺, 通过雄性抱器腹有两簇刺丛和雌性后阴片大、囊突近菱形可 雌性交配孔大, 后阴片肾形。 同后者区别。 正模 , 贵州道 真大沙河 (28! 53∀ N, 107! 36∀ E; 正模 , 甘肃榆中兴隆 山 ( 34!25∀ N, 105!43∀ E; 1370m), 2004(cid:1)08(cid:1)25, 肖 云 丽 采, 外 生 殖 器 玻 片 号 2130m), 1993(cid:1)07(cid:1)31, 李 后 魂 采, 外 生 殖 器 玻 片 号 FXM07029。副模: 3 , 2 # #, 1350~ 1370m,2004(cid:1)08(cid:1) FXM07001。副模: 1 , 14 # #, 1993(cid:1)08(cid:1)02~ 07(cid:1)30, 其它 25~ 26, 采集资料同正模。 关键词(cid:1) 鳞翅目, 巢蛾科, 腹巢蛾属, 新种, 中国. 中图分类号(cid:1) Q696(cid:2)426(cid:2)1 国家自然科学基金基础科学人才培养 (特殊学科点) 项目资助. * 本文为庆祝郑哲民教授75华诞暨执教55周年而作.