STUDIES ON BLAST DISEASE OF RICE CAUSED BY Pyricularia grisea Sacc.

211 Pages·2016·18.34 MB·English

STUDIES ON BLAST DISEASE OF RICE CAUSED
BY Pyricularia grisea Sacc.

BY
Ch.VARAPRASADA RAO
M.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
ACHARYA N. G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY)

CHAIRPERSON: Dr. P. ANIL KUMAR

DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, BAPATLA
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD- 500 030
2014
CERTIFICATE

Mr. Ch. VARAPRASADA RAO has satisfactorily prosecuted the course of
research and that thesis entitled “STUDIES ON BLAST DISEASE OF RICE
CAUSED BY Pyricularia grisea Sacc.” submitted is the result of original research
work and is of sufficiently high standard to warrant its presentation to the
examination. I also certify that neither the thesis nor its part thereof has been
previously submitted by him for a degree in any university
.

Date: (P. ANIL KUMAR)
Chairperson
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology
S.V. Agricultural College,
Tirupathi- 517 502
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “STUDIES ON BLAST DISEASE OF
RICE CAUSED BY Pyricularia grisea Sacc.” submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of “Doctor of Philosophy in Agriculture’ of the Acharya
N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad is a record of the bonafied original
research work carried out by Mr. Ch. VARAPRASADA RAO under our guidance and
supervision.
No part of thesis has been submitted by the student for any other degree or
diploma. The published part and all assistance and help received during the course of
the investigations have been duly acknowledged by the author of the thesis.
Thesis approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee

Chairman Dr. P. ANIL KUMAR
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology
S.V. Agricultural College
Tirupathi – 517 502

Member Dr. V. MANOJ KUMAR
Assistant Professor
Department of Plant Pathology
Agricultural College
Bapatla – 522 101

Member Dr. P. V. KRISHNAIAH
Professor
Department of Entomology
Agricultural College
Bapatla – 522 101

Member Dr. P.V. RAMA KUMAR
Professor and Head
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Agricultural College
Bapatla – 522 101

External Dr. M. SRINIVAS PRASAD
Examiner of Principal Scientist and Head
Viva voce Department of Plant Pathology
Directorate of Rice Research
Rajendranagar
Hyderabad – 500 030

Date of final viva-voce:
DECLARATION

I, Ch.VARAPRASADA RAO hereby declare that the thesis entitled “STUDIES
ON BLAST DISEASE OF RICE CAUSED BY Pyricularia grisea Sacc.” submitted to
Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
in Agriculture in the main field PLANT PATHOLOGY is the result of original research
work done by me. I also declare that no material contained in the thesis has been
published earlier in any manner.

Place: Bapatla (Ch. VARAPRASADA RAO)

Date: I. D. No. BAD-07-09
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The accomplishment of this thesis is the result of benevolence of Almighty
No words would ever sustain the appreciation for the eager involvement,
unceasing encouragement, unreserved consideration and insightful suggestions at
every stage of investigation, extended by Dr. P. Anil Kumar, Professor, Department
of Plant Pathology, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupathi and the esteemed
chairman of my advisory committee, who helped me to conduct my research with zeal
and happiness. I must confess that it has been a rare privilege for me to work under his
valuable and subtle guidance during my Ph. D. programme.
I deem it a great privilege to express my gratitude to Dr. J. Krishna Prasadji,
Professor & Head, Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College,
Bapatla for his constant encouragement, valuable suggestions, munificent
acquiescence and generous help during the course of investigation.
With respectful regards and immense pleasure, I wish to express my sincere
gratitude to Dr. K. V. M. Krishna Murthy, Former Associate Dean, Agricultural
College, Bapatla and University Head (Department of Plant Pathology
(Retired) for his encouragement, guidance and transcendent suggestions during the
course of investigation.
I express my hearty gratitude to the member of my advisory committee
Dr. P. V. Krishnaiah, Professor, Department of Entomology, Agricultural
College, Bapatla, for his precious advice and suggestions during my research work.
I sincerely extend my profound gratitude to Dr. P. V. Rama Kumar,
Professor and Head, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural
College, Bapatla and member of my advisory committee for his helpful suggestions
during my research work.
I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude to the member of my advisory
committee, Dr. V. Manoj Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of Plant
Pathology, Agricultural College, Bapatla for his kind cooperation and
encouragement during preparation and submission of manuscript.
I wish to express my profound gratitude to Dr. Jagadeswar, ARI,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad and Dr. P. Krishnam Raju, Senior Scientist, RARS,
Maruteru for their timely help during my course work.
It gives me immense pleasure in extending my sincere thanks to
Dr. P. Durga Rani, Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Acharya N. G.
Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for permission and
help to carry out molecular work at Biotechnology Department.
It is indescribable to pen down the wholehearted support given to me by my
wife Swarupa Rani, my cute baby Manvitha and my little son Maneesh, who
adjusted with me and celebrated the success and shared my sorrows, who always
inspired to do things, with a spirit of passion and integrity. Words will not suffice to
express my feelings of love and gratitude to my beloved parents Sri Chinna
Subbaiah (Late) and Smt. Rathnamma for their compassion and care a lot, which
made me what I am today.
Words are inadequate to express my gratitude to Dr. O. Sarada, SMS
(Extension), Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Darsi, G. Sunil Kumar, Scientist
(Entomology), ARS, Darsi, for their encouragement and co-operation during my
research work. I wish to express my sincere thanks to G. V. Ramana Rao, B. Gouse
Mohiddin, J. Sekhar, P. Ramamohana Rao, S. Srikanth and P. V. Subbamma for
their valuable timely help and cooperation during my field work at Krishi Vigyan
Kendra, Darsi.
I am thankful to my Department friends Ramadevi, Darvin, Swathi,
Ranganath, Basava Raj, Pavani, Srujana for their affection and help during the
study. My special thanks to G. Ch. Narayana, Lab Technician, KVK, Darsi who
helped me a lot, for his in-time assistance in field work & thesis typing work.
I am thankful to Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University for
providing opportunity as an in-service candidate and for providing the library facilities
during the course of Ph. D. I am thankful to Eswar Digitals and Computers,
Bapatla for neat arrangement and execution of my thesis. Finally I record my deep
and sincere thanks to all those who have helped me directly and indirectly to bring out
this work in the present form.

Place: Bapatla
Date: (Chiyyadri Varaprasada Rao)
LIST OF CONTENTS

Chapter No Title Page No.
I INTRODUCTION
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
III MATERIAL AND METHODS
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
LITERATURE CITED
LIST OF FIGURES

S. No. Title Page No.
Variability in the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea isolates on
4.1
different solid media
Variability in the sporulation of Pyricularia grisea isolates on
4.2
different solid media
Variability in the mycelial dry weight of Pyricularia grisea isolates

4.3
on different liquid media
4.4 Dendrogram based RAPD analysis of Pyricularia grisea isolates
Influence of weather factors on Per cent disease index of rice blast

4.5 during Kharif
Influence of weather factors on Per cent Disease Index of rice blast
4.6
during Rabi
4.7 Efficacy of plant extracts on the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea
in vitro
4.8 Effect of biocontrol agents on the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea
in vitro in dual culture
4.9 Efficacy of fungicides on the radial growth of Pyricularia grisea
in vitro
4.10 In vivo efficacy of plant extracts and biocontrol agents against rice
blast
4.11 In vivo effect of plant extracts and biocontrol agents on rice grain yield
4.12 In vivo efficacy of fungicides against rice blast
4.13 Effect of fungicides on grain yield of rice
In vivo effect of fungicides, plant extract, biocontrol agents used in
4.14
integration against rice blast
In vivo effect of fungicides, plant extract, biocontrol agents used in
4.15
integration against rice blast on rice grain yield
Table 4.1. Occurrence of rice blast in Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh during Kharif 2010-11 and 2011-12
Per cent Disease Index (PDI)
Transplanting stage Tillering stage Panicle Initiation stage Grain Filling stage
Mandal Villages
2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean
Reddy nagar 5.3 2.7 4.0 25.4 18.5 21.9 27.5 22.6 25.1 29.7 28.5 29.1
Darsi Pulipadu 2.5 3.8 3.2 18.8 21.0 19.9 30.6 30.5 30.5 32.3 33.5 32.9
Darsi 4.5 2.0 3.2 21.6 24.5 23.0 34.3 31.9 33.1 36.4 33.3 34.9
Mandal Mean 4.1 2.8 3.5 21.9 21.3 21.6 30.8 28.4 29.6 32.8 31.8 32.3
Manchikalapadu 4.1 4.4 4.2 24.6 20.3 22.4 37.8 31.1 34.4 39.5 33.8 36.7
Chimakurthi Pallamalli 6.5 4.3 5.4 29.8 22.0 26.0 35.9 32.8 34.3 38.2 36.0 37.1
Bhusarapalli 4.9 1.6 3.2 29.5 21.2 25.3 39.8 25.3 32.6 37.4 28.9 33.2
Mandal Mean 5.2 3.4 4.3 28.0 21.2 24.6 38.0 29.8 33.8 38.4 29.8 34.1
Giddaluru 3.9 1.9 2.9 27.8 12.2 20.0 35.5 23.6 29.6 36.7 25.9 31.3
Giddaluru Adimurthipalli 5.7 2.5 4.1 20.3 17.2 18.7 38.4 27.8 33.1 39.9 28.8 34.4
Ambavaram 3.7 2.3 3.0 22.3 15.7 19.0 42.8 26.5 34.7 44.2 27.6 35.9
Mandal Mean 4.4 2.2 3.3 23.5 15.0 19.3 39.0 26.0 32.5 40.3 27.5 33.9
Mopadu 1.6 2.7 2.1 12.1 16.8 14.5 31.1 24.8 28.0 38.7 26.3 32.5
Kandukuru Palukuru 2.9 2.7 2.8 12.3 2.7 7.5 28.3 7.4 17.8 33.3 12.2 22.8
Oguru 1.6 3.4 2.5 10.0 9.6 9.8 23.5 15.9 19.7 28.6 23.5 26.0
Mandal Mean 2..0 2.9 2.5 11.5 9.7 10.6 27.6 16.1 21.9 33.5 20.7 27.1
Over all Mean
3.9 2.8 3.4 21.2 16.8 19.0 33.8 25.0 29.4 36.3 28.2 32.2
Table 4.2. Occurrence of rice blast in Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh during Rabi 2010-11 and 2011-12
Per cent Disease Index (PDI)
Transplanting stage Tillering stage Panicle Initiation stage Grain Filling stage
Mandal Villages
2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean 2010-11 2011-12 Mean
Rajampalli
11.3 10.5 10.9 27.6 24.6 26.1 31.7 33.4 32.6 38.3 37.8 38.0
Darsi Samanthapudi
12.4 6.1 9.2 24.8 30.1 27.5 42.3 40.0 41.1 43.1 41.9 42.5
Veerayapalem
10.4 13.2 11.8 23.0 29.5 26.2 36.5 40.5 38.5 39.4 46.0 42.7
Mandal Mean
11.3 9.9 10.6 25.1 28.1 26.6 36.9 38.0 37.5 40.3 41.9 41.1
Devarapalem
11.3 10.0 10.7 31.1 27.5 29.3 45.4 38.2 41.8 47.7 40.9 44.3
Chimakurthi Nippatlapadu
11.7 9.1 10.4 30.1 25.0 27.5 41.0 32.6 36.8 42.9 36.0 39.5
Pulikonda
7.9 8.3 8.1 20.5 25.5 23.0 31.1 29.1 30.1 36.5 31.0 33.8
Mandal Mean
5.2 9.1 7.2 27.9 26.0 27.0 37.8 33.3 35.6 38.4 36.0 37.2
Brahmanapalli
10.1 7.0 8.6 27.7 21.3 24.5 37.7 25.2 31.4 40.7 30.7 35.7
Giddaluru Kongalavedu
9.8 8.9 9.4 30.5 25.5 28.0 39.3 31.8 35.5 42.0 36.4 39.2
Mundlapadu
10.4 8.5 9.5 29.2 16.0 22.6 32.6 30.2 31.4 34.1 37.3 35.7
Mandal Mean
4.4 8.2 6.3 23.5 20.9 22.2 38.9 29.1 34.0 40.3 34.8 37.6
Kandukuru
1.6 11.1 6.3 12.1 20.1 16.1 31.1 32.6 31.8 38.7 40.9 39.8
Kandukuru Machavaram
2.9 8.1 5.5 12.3 22.9 17.6 28.3 31.3 29.8 33.3 38.3 35.8
Mahadeva puram
1.6 12.4 7.0 10.0 20.8 15.4 23.5 29.0 26.2 28.6 35.0 31.8
Mandal Mean
2.0 10.5 6.3 11.5 21.2 16.4 27.6 30.9 29.3 33.5 38.0 35.8
Over all Mean
6.4 11.5 8.9 18.8 22.7 20.7 27.6 31.2 29.4 33.4 36.4 34.9