Studies in the Russian Economy Before 1914 PDF
Preview Studies in the Russian Economy Before 1914
STUDIES IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY BEFORE 1914 STUDIES IN RUSSIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN HISTORY Phyllis Auty and Richard Clogg (editors) British Policy towards Wartime Resistance in Yugoslavia and Greece Elisabeth Barker .British Policy in South-East Europe in the Second World War Richard Clogg (editor) The Movement for Greek Independence, 1770-1821: A Collection of Documents Olga Crisp Studies in the Russian Economy before 1914 D. G. Kirby (editor) Finland and Russia, 1808-1920: Documents Martin McCauley (editor) The Russian Revolution and the Soviet State, 1917-1921: Documents Further titles in preparation STUDIES IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY BEFORE 1914 OLGA CRISP Reader in Russian Economic History University of London in association with the Palgrave Macmillan ©Olga Crisp 1976 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1976 978-0-333-16907-0 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission First published 1976 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD London and Basingstoke Associated companies in New York Dublin Melbourne Johannesburg and Madras SBN 333 16907 7 ISBN 978-1-349-02309-7 ISBN 978-1-349-02307-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-02307-3 This book is sold subject to the standard conditions of the Net Book Agreement In memory of R. R. Betts 1903-1961 Masaryk Professor of Central European History School of Slavonic and East European Studies University of London 1946-1961 Contents Tables IX Abbreviations x1 Acknowledgements xu Introduction 1 1 The pattern of industrialisation in Russia, 1700-1914 5 2 The Russian economy under serfdom 55 3 The state peasants under Nicholas I 73 4 Russian financial policy and the gold standard at the end of the nineteenth century 96 5 Banking in the industrialisation of Tsarist Russia, 1860- 1914 111 6 French investment in Russian joint stock companies, 1894- 1914 159 7 French investment and influence in Russian industry, 1894-1914 174 Foreign entrepreneurship and Russian industry : Addendum to Chapters 6 and 7 189 8 Russia's public debt and the French market, 1889-1914 197 General conclusion 217 Glossary 221 Notes 223 Bibliography 259 Index 269 Tables 1.1 Tariffs, 1868 and 1891 29 1.2 Customs duties as percentage of import values 29 1.3 Duties on various categories of imports 30 1.4 Distribution by industry of industro-commercial companies 37 1.5 Russian companies according to size of capital 39 5.1 Annual rate of industrial growth, 1885-1913 111 5.2 Selected indicators of Russian economic development, 1860-1913 112 5.3 Gross national product per capita 112 5.4-5.8 Assets and liabilities of the Russian commercial credit system, 1875-1914 116 5.9 The Russian credit network, 1875-1914 119 5.10 Evolution of deposits of the Russian State Bank, 1875-1914 124 5.11 The activity of the twelve largest banks, 1 January 1914 126 5.12 Activity of small credit banks, 1910-14 130 5.13 Growth indicators of state savings banks, 1870-1914 131 5.14 Real estate debt in Russia, 1870-1913 133 5.15 Money and specie in circulation, 1865-1914 138 5.16 Joint stock banks' operations with securities 144 5.17 Foreign participation in joint stock banks 148 5.18 Sources of funds of joint stock banks 152 5.19 Average value and duration of commercial bills 153 X Tables 5.20 Per cent distribution of Russian holdings 155 5.21 Financial ratios on 1 January 1900 and 1 January 1914 157 7.1 Deposits of the treasury and the State Bank in foreign branches of Russian banks and deposits of state railways, 1910-14 183 7.2 Short-term credits granted by the State Bank to the joint stock banks, 1909-13 184 8.1 Composition of French investment in Russia, 1 January 1914 198 8.2a The evolution of French holdings of Russian govern- ment and government guaranteed securities, 1889-1914 199 8.2b Analysis of Table 8.2a 200 8.3 Foreign holdings of direct government bonds, 1895- 1914 202 8.4 French holdings as per cent of government debt, 1893- 1914 202 8.5 Per cent of Russian public debt held in France 203 8.6 Summary of estimates of French holdings, 1887-1914 203 8.7 The effective yield of the principal Russian loans floated in Paris 206 8.8 Interest and dividends payable abroad by 1914 206 8.9 Estimate of the annual interest payments by Russia in France on government debt 207 8.10 Interest and dividends payable to France in 1914 208 8.11 Per cent yield at issue price of Russian and foreign bonds 209 8.12 Yield at price of issue of Russian loans in France 210 8.13 Rates of gross profit of the French banks on the principal Russian loans 211 Abbreviations AN Archives Nationales DDF Documents Diplomatiques Franfais O.S. Old Style PSZ Polnoye Sobraniye Zakonov Rossiyskoy Imperii
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