Struggle for National Survival: Chinese Eugenics in a Transnational Context, 1896-1945 PDF
Preview Struggle for National Survival: Chinese Eugenics in a Transnational Context, 1896-1945
E a s t A s ia H is t o r y , P o l it ic s , S o c io l o g y , C u l t u r e Ed it e d B y E d w a r d B e a u c h a m p Un iv er sit y o f Ha wa ii A Ro ut l edg e S er ies East A sia Histor y, Pol itics, Sociol ogy, Cultur e Edward Beauchamp, General Editor Modern Education, Textbooks, and the Self-Reliance or Self-Destruction? Image of the Nation Success and Failure of the Democratic Politics and Modernization and People's Republic of Korea's Nationalism in Korean Education: Development Strategy of Self-Reliance 1880-1910 "juche" Yoonmi Lee Phillip H. Park Problems of Democratization in China Third Delight Thomas G. Lum The Internationalization of Higher Education in China The Unknown Cultural Revolution Rui Yang Educational Reforms and Their Impact on China's Rural Development, Struggle for National Survival 1966-1976 Eugenics in Sino-japanese Contexts, Dongping Han 1896-1945 Yuehtsen Juliette Chung M ao's Prey The History of Chen Renbing, Liberal Rethinking Japan's Identity and Intellectual International Role Jeanette Ford Fernandez An Intercultural Perspective Susanne Klien The Roots of Japan's Environmental Policies Japan's Foreign Policy Maturation Amy Wong A Quest for Normalcy Kevin J. Cooney The Origins of the Bilateral Okinawa Problem Village, Market and Well-Being in a Okinawa in Postwar US-japan Rural Chinese Township Relations, 1945-1952 Tamara Perkins Robert D. Eldridge History of Japanese Policies in South-South Transfer Education Aid to Developing Countries, A Study of Sino-African Exchanges 1950s-1990s Sandra Gillespie The Role of the Subgovernmental Processes Studying the Enemy Takao Kamibeppu japan Hands in Republican China and Their Quest for National Identity Engineering the State Christiane I. Reinhold The Huai River and Reconstruction in Nationalist China, 1927-1937 David A. Pietz St r u g g l e f o r N a t io n a l S u r v iv a l Eugenics in Sino-Japanese Contexts, 1896-1945 YUEHTSEN JULIETTE CHUNG Published in 2002 by Routledge 29 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 Published in Great Britain by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group Copyright © 2002 by Yuehtsen Juliette Chung All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chung, Yuehtsen Juliette. Struggle for national survival : Chinese eugenics in a transnation- al context, 1896-1945 / Yuehtsen Juliette Chung, p. cm. Inclues bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-415-93366-8 1. Eugenics—China—History. 2. Eugenics—Japan—History. I. Title. HQ755.5.C6 C48 2002 363.9'2'0951—dc21 200201 7782 To the memory of Edward Tzuu Ch'ien 1940-1996 CONTENTS List of Tables ix Acknowledgments xi 1. Introduction 3 Eugenics: A Global Interest 3 Eugenics: Local Signification 11 Concluding Remarks 18 2. Eugenics and Scientific Disciplines 23 The American Connection and Nazi Connection 24 Transplantation: Medicine and Biology 28 Local Science and Competition Strategy 36 Eugenics and Disciplining Learning 42 Concluding Remarks 50 3. Lamarckism versu s Mendelism: The Politics of Body and Heredit y 61 Symptoms: National Character and the Eugenicists' Presentation 63 Diagnosis and Remedies in Eugenic Proposals: Lamarckian or Mendelian? 70 A. China 71 vii viii Contents B. japan 86 Concluding Remarks 97 4. Birth Control or Sex Control?: Politics of Knowledge and Reproduction 105 Sexuality versus Morality: Margaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement in China and Japan 107 Politics of Reproduction and Knowledge: Women Scientists and their Lives 119 Concluding Remarks 135 5. Eugenics in the Second Sino-]apanese War and Population Policies 141 Japanese Eugenicists' Involvement and Population Policy: Constructing Racial Body and Ethnic Body 143 Chinese Eugenic Solution and Population Policy: Constructing an Ethnic Nation 156 Conclusion: Postwar Reflections of Two Eugenicists 162 6. Conclusion: What Can We Learn from Eugenics? 169 7. Epilogue: The Comeback of Eugenics Discourse 173 Bibliography 179 Index 191 Lis t o f Ta b l e s 1. Individual research projects sponsored by China Foundation 31 2. The locations of research projects of Table 1 (1928-1934) 31
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