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Structured glass-fiber catalysts PDF

158 Pages·2020·4.475 MB·English
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Structured Glass-Fiber Catalysts Structured Glass- Fiber Catalysts Authored by Andrey Zagoruiko and Sergey Lopatin CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487–2742 © 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid- free paper International Standard Book Number- 13 978- 0- 367- 25385- 1 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged, please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978–750–8400. CCC is a not- for- profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Names: Zagoruiko, Andrey, author. | Lopatin, Sergey I., author. Title: Structured glass- fiber catalysts / authored by Andrey Zagoruiko and Sergey Lopatin. Description: First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019033397 | ISBN 9780367253851 (hardback ; acid-free paper) | ISBN 9780429317569 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Catalysts—Materials. | Glass fibers. Classification: LCC TP159.C3 Z34 2020 | DDC 660/.2995—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019033397 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at www.crcpress.com Dedication Andrey Zagoruiko with love and gratitude devotes this work to his wife Rumyana, his parents Nickolay and Valentina, his sister Galina, his children Maria, Nickolay, Dmitry and Ksenia. Sergey Lopatin with love and gratitude devotes this work to his wife Olga, his father Alexey, his children Olga and Alexey. Contents Preface.......................................................................................................................xi Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................xiii About the Authors ....................................................................................................xv Chapter 1 Current State of Research and Development in the Field of Catalysts With Various Shapes and Their Practical Application ............................................................................1 1.1. Introduction ...............................................................................1 1.1. Traditional Catalyst Shapes .......................................................2 1.2. Fixed Beds of Granular Catalysts..............................................2 1.3. Monolith Catalysts .....................................................................4 1.4. Catalysts With Foam Supports ..................................................5 1.5. Catalysts With Flexible Metal Supports ....................................6 References ............................................................................................8 Chapter 2 Glass- Fiber Catalysts ..........................................................................11 2.1. General Description .................................................................11 2.2. Synthesis of Glass- Fiber Catalysts ..........................................12 2.3. Platinum Catalyst IC- 12- S111 ..................................................14 2.4. Copper- Chromite GFC for the Deep Oxidation of Organic Compounds ................................................................20 2.5. Vanadia and Iron Oxide Catalysts for the Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide .................................................................28 2.6. Multilayer Composite Material With the Ternary Layer of Nanofibrous Carbon ..................................................34 2.7. Conclusion ...............................................................................38 References ..........................................................................................39 Chapter 3 Arrangement of the Beds of the Glass- Fiber Catalysts ......................47 3.1. Structuring of the Microfibrous Catalysts ...............................47 3.2. GFC Packing With the Propagative Flow of Reaction Fluid .........................................................................49 3.3. GFC Packing With the Gliding Flow or Reaction Media .......................................................................................51 3.3.1. Cylindrical Cartridges ...............................................51 3.3.2. Prismatic Cartridges ..................................................53 3.3.3. Reinforced Cartridges ...............................................56 3.4. Lemniscate GFCs ....................................................................57 References ..........................................................................................59 vii viii Contents Chapter 4 Experimental Investigation of Pressure Drop and Mass Transfer in GFC Packing ....................................................................63 4.1. The Scope and Properties of the Research Objects.................63 4.4.1. Experimental GFC Cartridges With the Corrugated Metal Mesh Structuring Elements ....................................................................64 4.1.2. GFC Beds With the Lemniscate Structures ..............68 4.1.3. GFC Cartridges With the Flat Mesh Structuring Elements .................................................68 4.1.4. Reference Catalysts ...................................................71 4.2. Pressure Drop in GFC Cartridges ...........................................74 4.2.1. Experimental Technique ............................................74 4.2.2. Experimental Results.................................................75 4.2.3. Partial Anisotropy of GFC Cartridges ......................78 4.3. Investigation of Mass Transfer in GFC- Based Cartridges ................................................................................80 4.3.1. Experimental Technique ............................................80 4.3.2. Experimental Results.................................................82 4.3.3. Intrinsic Kinetics of the Toluene Oxidation Pt/GFCs .....................................................................89 4.3.4. Intra- Thread Diffusion Limitations ...........................91 4.3.5. On the Intra- Fiber Mass Transfer ..............................92 4.3.6. External Diffusion Limitations in the GFC Cartridges .........................................................95 4.3.7. Verification of the Mass Transfer Limitation Model .......................................................................100 4.4. Conclusion .............................................................................102 References ........................................................................................103 Chapter 5 Development and Application of Commercial and Pilot- Scale GFC- Based Processes ....................................................105 5.1. GFC- Based Processes for the Abatement of Toxic Organic Compounds in Waste Gases ....................................105 5.1.1. Process for VOC Deep Oxidation in the Waste Gases of a Synthetic Rubber Plant ................105 5.1.2. Process for the Purification and Cooling of the Exhausts From a Stationary Diesel Power Plant ..............................................................109 5.2. GFC- Based Processes of Environmentally Safe Combustion of Fuels ..............................................................117 5.2.1. Combustion of Solid Fuels in the Fluidized Beds of the Dispersed Heat Carrier Using Reinforced GFC Cartridges .....................................117 5.2.2. Catalytic Air Heaters on the Base of GFCs ............119 Contents ix 5.3. Sulfur Dioxide Oxidation Processes at Pt- Containing GFCs ..............................................................121 5.3.1. Processes of SO Oxidation in Sulfuric 2 Acid Production .......................................................122 5.3.2. Reverse- Flow Process With the Additional GFC Beds for Smelter Gas Processing, Which Contains CO and SO ..................................124 2 5.3.3. Conditioning of Flue Gases from Coal- Fired Power Plants ..........................................130 References ........................................................................................135 Conclusions ...........................................................................................................139 Index ......................................................................................................................141

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