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Structure and Function Relationships in Biochemical Systems PDF

373 Pages·1982·13.75 MB·English
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STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: NATHAN BACK, State University ofN ew York at Buffalo NICHOLAS R. DI LUZIO, Tulane University School ofM edicine EPHRAIM KATCHALSKI-KATZIR, The Weizmann Institute of Science DAVID KRITCHEVSKY, Wistar Institute ABEL LAJTHA, Rockland Research Institute RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 139 TAURINE IN NUTRITION AND NEUROLOGY Edited by Ryan Huxtable and Herminia Pasantes-Morales Volume 140 COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION OF CELL MEMBRANES: Application to the Pathophysiology of Muscle Diseases Edited by Stewart Wolf and Allen K. Murray Volume 141 BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION OF PHAGOCYTES Edited by F. Rossi and P. Patriarca Volume 142 BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF CORONA VIRUSES Edited by V. ter Meulen, S. Siddell, and H. Wege Volume 143 RELAXIN Edited by Ralph R. Anderson Volume 144 MUCUS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE-II Edited by Eric N. ChantIer, James B. Elder, and Max Elstein Volume 145 TERMINAL TRANSFERASE IN IMMUNOBIOLOGY AND LEUKEMIA Edited by Umberto Bertazzoni and F. J. Bollum Volume 146 MECHANISMS OF CELL-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY Edited by William R. Clark and Pierre Golstein Volume 147 INTRAOVARIAN CONTROL MECHANISMS Edited by Cornelia C. Channing and Sheldon J. Segal Volume 148 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS Edited by Francesco Bossa, Emilia Chiancone, Alessandro Finazzi-Agro, and Roberto Strom STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS Edited by Francesco Bossa University of Rome Rome, Italy Emilia Chiancone CNR Center of Molecular Biology Rome, Italy and Alessandro Finazzi -Agro Roberto Strom and University of Rome Rome, Italy PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Symposium on Structure-Function Relationships in Biochemical Systems (1981: Acca demia nazionale dei Lincei) Structure and function relationships in biochemical systems. (Advances in experimental medicine and biology; v. 148) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Enzymes-Congresses. 2. Structure-activity relationship (Pharrnacology)-Con gresses. 3. Biochemorphology-Congresses. 4. Hemoglobin-Congresses. 5. Sulphur Metabolism-Congresses. I. Bossa, Francesco. II. Chiancone, Emilia. III. Title. IV. Series. [DNLM: 1. Structure-activity relationship - Congresses. WI AD559 v. 148/ QU 34 S927 1981) QP60I.S94931981 574.19'25 82-9139 AACR2 ISBN-13:978-1-4615-9283-9 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4615-9281-5 DOI: I 0.1007/978-1-4615-9281-5 Proceedings of a symposium on Structure-Function Relationships in Biochemical Systems, celebrating the 75th birthday of Alessandro Rossi Fanelli, held September 28-30, 1981, at the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, in Rome, Italy © 1982 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1982 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher PREFACE Studies on the elucidation of structure-function relationships in biochemistry and molecular biology started a few decades ago and represent an area of continuing interest. The celebration of the 75th birthday of Alessandro Rossi Fanelli, who has made signifi- cant contributions in this field, prompted the organization of a Symposium on 'Structure-Function Relationships in Biochemical Systems' with the aim of bringing together Rossi Fanelli's students and many of the scientists who have been connected with the Institute of Biological Chemistry in Rome. The Symposium was held in Rome on September 28-30, 1981 at the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. This volume contains the lectures presented at the Symposium as well as articles covering the main themes of research conducted in Rossi-Fanelli's Institute. The material is divided into five sections: Hemoglobin, Myoglobin and Other Respiratory Proteins; Mechanism of Action of Metal-Containing Enzym~s; Bioenergetics, Mem brane Structure and Multienzyme Complexes; Cofactor-Dependent En zymes; Sulfur Metabolism. We gratefully the generous financial support of acknow~edge the Italian National Research Council and of the University of Rome, which rendered the Symposium possible. We wish to thank all the con tributors and Maurizio Gattoni, Paolo Gerosa and Mario Sanchioni for their help in the preparation of the illustrative material. Fi nally we wish to express our gratitude to Professor Rossi Fanelli, the unfailing animator of our Institute; in his honour we happily undertook the task of editing this volume. Francesco Bossa Emilia Chiancone Alessandro Finazzi Agro Roberto Strom v CONTENTS Professor Rossi Fanelli: A Profile 1 N. Siliprandi A Statistical Analysis of the Publications and Collaborations of Alessandro Rossi Fanelli 7 W.E. Blumberg HEMOGLOBIN, MYOGLOBIN, AND OTHER RESPIRATORY PROTEINS Linkage Graphs 23 J. Wyman Nature of the Iron-Oxygen Bond and Control of Oxygen Affinity of the Haem by the Structure of the Globin in Haemoglobin . • • . • • . • 31 M.F. Perutz The Function of High Hemoglobin in Large Fish . • • • . . 49 Q.H. Gibson and F.G. Carey Invertebrate Hemoglobins: The Dimeric Hemoglobin from the Mollusc Scapharca inaequivalvis . . . . . • 67 E. Antonini, E. Chiancone, and F. Ascoli Effects of Heavy Metals on the Respiratory Proteins of Marine Organisms in Relation to Enviromental Pollution . . • . • . . . • • . • . . • • . 75 J. Bonaventura, C. Bonaventura, and M. Brouwer MECHANISM OF ACTION OF METAL-CONTAINING ENZYMES Intermediates in the Reduction of Dioxygen by Laccase and Cytochrome c Oxidase ..•.•.••.. 87 B.G. Malmstr5m vii viii CONTENTS Structure and Function of the Redox Site of Cytochrome Oxidase 95 B. Chance, L. Powers, and Y. Ching Kinetic Studies of Cytochrome-a-Oxidase: Significance of Different Functional States of the Enzyme . • • • • • 111 M. Brunori, A. Colosimo, and M.T. Wilson Non-Heme Components of Electron Transfer Systems: Interactions and Conformational Effects •• 123 H. Beinert Structure and Function of Amine Oxidases 141 B. Mondov~ and A. Finazzi Agrb The Mechanism of Action of Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase • . 155 G. Rotilio, L. Calabrese, A. Rigo, and E.M. Fielden BIOENERGETICS, MEMBRANE STRUCTURE, AND MULTIENZYME COMPLEXES Proton and Electric Charge Translocation in Mitochondrial Energy Transduction 171 A.L. Lehninger The Molecular Slipping in the Redox-Driven H+ Pumps • • • 187 G.F. Azzone, D. Pietrobon, and D. Walz Structural Aspects of the Binding of Melittin to Phospholipid Bilayers, as a Model for Protein- Lipid Interactions in Membranes • • . . . . • . 195 R. Strom, F. Podo, C. Crifo, and G. Zaccai Acetylcholine Receptors from Electroplax Membranes: in vitro and in situ Properties . . • . • • • 209 M. Martinez-Carrion, J.M. Gonzalez-Ros, M. Llanillo, and A. Paraschos Interaction of Fusicoccin with Plant Cell Plasma Membranes . . • . • . . • . • . • • . . . • 223 A. Ballio Structure-Function Relationships in Pyruvate and a-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complexes . • 231 L.J. Reed and R.M. Oliver CONTENTS ix Facilitation of Enzyme Catalysis by Formation of Multienzyme Complexes • . • • •• •••. 243 C. Salerno and P. Fasella COFACTOR-DEPENDENT ENZYMES Some Comparative Aspects of Pyridoxal Phosphate and Pyruvoyl-Dependent Amino Acid Decarboxylases • . . • . • • • • • • • . 257 E.E. Snell Structural Studies of Aspartate Aminotransferase Isozymes .• . . • . • • . • • 273 D. Barra, F. Bossa, and S. Doonan Recent Advances in the Study of Coenzyme Binding to Aspartate Apoaminotransferases . . . • • 283 C. Turano, F. Riva, and A. Giartosio Flavoproteins: Correlation of Structure and Function 295 V. Massey Role of Flavin and Iron Sulfur Centers in the Transition of Succinate Dehydrogenase from the Activated to the Non-Activated Form . • 309 F. Bonomi, S. Pagani, and P. Cerletti SULFUR METABOLISM Biochemical Function of Persulfides . • . 327 J .L. Wood Biological Utilization of Some Selenium- and Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids . . . • • 343 C. De Marco and M. Di Girolamo The Oxidation of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids by L-Amino Acid Oxidases . • • • . . . • 359 D. Cavallini, G. Ricci, G. Federici, M. Costa, B. Pensa, R.M. Matarese, and M. Achilli Contributors 375 Subj ect Index 381 ALESSANDRO ROSSI FANELLI PROFESSOR ROSSI FANELLI: A PROFILE Noris Si1iprandi Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Padua 35100 Padua, Italy This symposium has been organized to celebrate the 75th birth day of Professor Rossi Fanelli and the formal conclusion of his long and incomparable academic life. It is my great privilege, bestowed on me solely because of se niority, to depict the personality which brought about the birth and affirmation of his School. Milestones of Rossi Fanelli's life were Naples, his birthplace, Pavia, the seat of his first Chair, and Rome, his permanent abode. The university career of Professor Rossi Fanelli at the Institute of Biological Chemistry in the University of Naples began when he took his degree in Medicine in 1929. He worked in the laboratory directed by Professor Gaetano Quag1iarie110 until 1942, when he was appointed to the Chair of Biochemistry in the Faculty of Science at Pavia University. The scientific activity of the Neapolitan period, which was developing while Italian biochemistry was taking its first steps, already outlines the experimental talent and the scientific originality of Rossi Fanelli. This first appeared in the perfectio ning of precise microanalytical procedures for the determination of various ions and of some amino acids. We today, who are used to such sophisticated machinery for coping with scientific problems without worrying too much about analytical methodology, cannot easily un derstand what it was to have to transfer to biological materials, and on a micro-scale, the classic methods of analytical chemistry: the difficulties, doubts, failures, and cost in energy and time. The natural leaning of Rossi Fanelli to accurate analytical expe riments led him to achieve important results in that period. I re member with admiration his great ability - manual too - in setting up various rather complicated apparatus with "bits and pieces"

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