Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM PDF
Preview Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM
BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: NATHAN BACK, State University of New York at Buffalo IruN r. CoHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science ABEL LAJTHA, N. S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research JoHN D. LAMBrIS, University of Pennsylvania roDoLFo PAoLETTI, University of Milan For other titles published in the series, go to www.springer.com/series/5584 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Vladimir Berezin Editor Structure and Function of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Editor Vladimir Berezin Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology Panum Institute university of Copenhagen Copenhagen N, Denmark [email protected] ISBN 978-1-4419-1169-8 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-1170-4 DoI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1170-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009942988 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, uSA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Preface Dr. Elisabeth Bock (Photo Keenpress) This book contains review articles that produce a snapshot of recent developments in the field of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM. The chapters are grouped into sections reflecting various aspects of NCAM structure and function. The themes cover the structural basis of cell adhesion mediated by NCAM and NCAM interaction partners, NCAM-mediated signaling determinants of NCAM function under physiological conditions and in disease, and the therapeutic potential of NCAM mimetics. Section 1, “Structure and Ligands of NCAM,” introduces the reader to the struc- tural basis of NCAM-mediated cell adhesion, discussing the current knowledge of extracellular and intracellular NCAM ligands and the structural basis of NCAM inter- actions with the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor. Section 2, “NCAM and Polysialic Acid,” focuses on NCAM polysialylation, discussing the structural and functional aspects of the most important posttranslational modifications of NCAM by the addition of a long linear homopolymer of sialic acid to the fifth Ig-like NCAM module. Section 3, “NCAM-mediated Signal Transduction,” is devoted to signal v BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 vi Preface transduction mechanisms associated with NCAM-mediated adhesion, with a focus on signaling pathways involved in NCAM-mediated neurite outgrowth, the role of growth-associated proteins, signaling through lipid microdomains, and signaling crosstalk with the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Section 4, “NCAM Metabolism,” focuses on current knowledge about NCAM biosynthesis and the gen- eration and role of soluble NCAM. Section 5, “NCAM, Synapses, Emotions, and Memory,” describes the role of NCAM in spine dynamics, synaptogenesis, and learn- ing and memory. Section 6, “NCAM in Disease,” covers the role of NCAM in neu- ropsychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Section 7, “Pharmacology of NCAM: NCAM Mimetics,” reviews current achievements in the in vivo and in vitro pharmacology of small NCAM mimetic peptides. Section 8, “orthologs and Paralogs of NCAM,” discusses current knowledge about the structure and function of the NCAM ortholog Fasciclin II and the NCAM paralog NCAM2. The concluding section is devoted to Professor Elisabeth Bock, to whom this book is dedicated. Prof. Bock in the early 1970s identified the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM as brain specific protein D2 (published in Journal of Neurochemistry, 1974, vol. 23, pp. 879–880). She has dedicated her professional career to the characterization of this very important and intriguing molecule. I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this book by writing review articles on various aspects of NCAM structure and function, Kristine Immediato for her kind assistance in managing the manuscripts, and Michael Arends for his professional proofreading of a number of the manuscripts. I would also like to acknowledge the European union-supported Integrated Project ProMEMorIA, which since 2005 has been a staunch supporter of NCAM-related research. Denmark Vladimir Berezin BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Contents Part I Structure and Ligands of NCAM Structural Biology of NCAM ......................................................................... 3 Vladislav Soroka, Christina Kasper, and Flemming M. Poulsen Extracellular Protein Interactions Mediated by the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule, NCAM: Heterophilic Interactions Between NCAM and Cell Adhesion Molecules, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, and Viruses ...................................................................................... 23 Janne Nielsen, Nikolaj Kulahin, and Peter S. Walmod Intracelluar Ligands of NCAM ..................................................................... 55 Bettina Büttner and rüdiger Horstkorte NCAM and the FGF-Receptor ...................................................................... 67 Vladislav V. Kiselyov The Role of ATP in the Regulation of NCAM Function .............................. 81 Martin V. Hübschmann and Galina Skladchikova Part II NCAM and Polysialic Acid Polysialylation of NCAM ................................................................................ 95 Herbert Hildebrandt, Martina Mühlenhoff, and rita Gerardy-Schahn Structural Basis for the Polysialylation of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule .......................................................................................... 111 Karen J. Colley The Role of PSA-NCAM in Adult Neurogenesis .......................................... 127 Eduardo Gascon, Laszlo Vutskits, and Jozsef Zoltan Kiss vii BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 viii Contents Use of PSA-NCAM in Repair of the Central Nervous System ................... 137 Abderrahman El Maarouf and urs rutishauser Part III NCAM-Mediated Signal Transduction Signaling Pathways Involved in NCAM-Induced Neurite Outgrowth ....... 151 Dorte Kornerup Ditlevsen and Kateryna Kolkova Role of the Growth-Associated Protein GAP-43 in NCAM-Mediated Neurite Outgrowth .......................................................................................... 169 Irina Korshunova and Mark Mosevitsky The Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM and Lipid Rafts .................... 183 Gro Klitgaard Povlsen and Dorte Kornerup Ditlevsen The Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor: Signaling Crosstalk ........................................................... 199 Gro Klitgaard Povlsen Part IV NCAM Metabolism Biosynthesis of NCAM .................................................................................... 213 Kateryna Kolkova Soluble NCAM ................................................................................................ 227 Thomas Secher Part V NCAM, Synapses, Emotions, and Memory Role of NCAM in Spine Dynamics and Synaptogenesis .............................. 245 D. Muller, P. Mendez, M. Deroo, P. Klauser, S. Steen, and L. Poglia NCAM in Long-Term Potentiation and Learning ....................................... 257 Barbara P. Hartz and Lars Christian B. rønn Role of NCAM in Emotion and Learning ..................................................... 271 Lisa Conboy, reto Bisaz, Kamila Markram, and Carmen Sandi Part VI NCAM in Disease NCAM in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders ................. 299 Leann H. Brennaman and Patricia F. Maness BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Contents ix Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule in Cancer: Expression and Mechanisms .............................................................................................. 319 Silvia Zecchini and ugo Cavallaro Part VII Pharmacology of NCAM: NCAM Mimetics NCAM Mimetic Peptides: An Update ........................................................... 337 Vladimir Berezin and Elisabeth Bock Synthetic NCAM-Derived Ligands of the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor ............................................................................................... 355 Stine Maria Hansen, Shizhong Li, Elisabeth Bock, and Vladimir Berezin Dendritic Spine and Synapse Morphological Alterations Induced by a Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Mimetic ............................... 373 Michael Stewart, Victor Popov, Nikolai Medvedev, Paul Gabbott, Nicola Corbett, Igor Kraev, and Heather Davies Part VIII Orthologs and Paralogs of NCAM Fasciclin II: The NCAM Ortholog in Drosophila melanogaster ................. 387 Lars V. Kristiansen and Michael Hortsch The Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule NCAM2/OCAM/ RNCAM, a Close Relative to NCAM ............................................................ 403 Nikolaj Kulahin and Peter S. Walmod Part IX Conclusion Honoring Dr. Elisabeth Bock ......................................................................... 423 Vladimir Berezin Index ................................................................................................................. 427 BookID 187530_ChapID FM1_Proof# 1 - 01/03/2011 Contributors Vladimir Berezin Protein Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Panum Institute, university of Copenhagen, 24.2, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark [email protected] Reto Bisaz Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland Elisabeth Bock Protein Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, university of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3C, Building 6.2, Copenhagen, N, DK-2200, Denmark [email protected] Leann H. Brennaman Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Silvio Conte Center for Schizophrenia research, university of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, uSA Bettina Büttner Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Martin-Luther-universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystr.1, 06114 Halle, Germany Ugo Cavallaro IFoM, Via Adamello 16, I-20139 Milano, Italy [email protected] Karen J. Colley Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, university of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, uSA [email protected] xi
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