Structure and Control of the Melanocyte: Sixth International Pigment Cell Conference sponsored by The International Union Against Cancer

387 Pages·1966·10.533 MB·English

by  Arnold Levene, Vincent J. McGovern (auth.), G. Della Porta, O. Mühlbock (eds.)

Structure and Control of the Melanocyte
Structure and Control of the Melanocyte
Sixth International Pigment Cell Conference
sponsored by
The International Union Against Cancer
edited by
G. Della Porta and O. Miihlbock
with 125 Figures
Springer-Verlag N ew York, Inc. 1966
G. DELLA PORTA,
National Cancer Institute, Milano, Italy
o.
MUHLBOCK,
The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-99908-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-99906-2
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-99906-2
All rights, especially that of translation into foreign languages, reserved.
It is also forbidden to reproduce this book, either whole or in part, by photornechanical means
(photostat, microfilm and/or microcard) or by other procedure without written permission from
Springer-Verlag.
© by Springer-Verlag Berlin· Heidelberg 1966
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1966
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 66-17147
Title No. 1324
Conference organized and held by the
Cancer Research Commission
of the International Union Against Cancer,
in Sofia, Bulgaria, 25-29 May 1965
Programme Committee
J.
O. Miihlbock (Chairman), N. Anchev, A. C. Burgers,
G. Della Porta, V. Riley, G. A. Swan
National Organizing Committee
N. Anchev (Chairman), R. L. Ikonopisov, R. D. Raichev
Foreword
The first five International Pigment Cell Conferences have all been
held in U.S.A., from 1948 to 1961. The late MYRON GORDON (1899-1959),
was one of their initiators and was the person who was able to give a
skillful continuity to these Conferences which have permitted a gathering
together of the multiple aspects of investigations in pigment cell biology,
including the clinical problem of melanomas.
During the International Cancer Congress in Moscow, in 1962, mem
bers of the Oncological Research Institute in Sofia offered to organize the
Sixth Pigment Cell Conference. Because of their interest and experience
in the field of experimental and human melanomas, this seemed highly
appropriate. The International Union Against Cancer agreed to sponsor
the Conference, since one of the final goals of studies in pigment cell bio
logy is certainly the control of the neoplastic deviation of the melanocyte.
Thus, for the first time, the Pigment Cell Conference was held in
Europe. After discussions with various investigators, the Program Com
mittee decided to limit somewhat the chemical and biological part of the
program in order to allow relatively more space to electron microscopy
of the melanocyte, biology of experimental melanomas, and epidemiology
and clinical aspects of human melanomas.
During the Conference, the need to redefine the terminology currently
employed in the pigment cell field became apparent. A panel, under the
chairmanship of VERNON RILEY, met to outline the working procedures
for this important task. As a result of the discussions of the panel, it was
decided to canvas workers in the pigment cell disciplines, soliciting their
suggestions, and submitting to them the new proposals. This responsibility
was jointly entrusted to THOMAS B. FITZPATRICK and WALTER C. QUE
VEDO JR. who very rapidly and efficiently prepared its conclusions, which
are published in this volume.
Unfortunately, it was not possible to prepare for publication all of the
dicussions which followed every paper. However, the panel discussion on
clinical aspects of melanoma, which closed the Conference, has been in
cluded almost in its entirety, thanks to the efforts of R. L. IKONOPISOV.
Altogether, 151 individuals from 21 countries took part in the Con
ference: 43 experts in the experimental field; 23 pathologists; and 85 cli
nicians, radiologists, and surgeons.
F. PAUTSCH, 1. 1. GESCHWIND, R. D. RAICHEV, T. B. FITZPATRICK,
V. RILEY, ELEANOR]' MACDONALD, N. ANCHEV and U. VERONESI served
as chairmen of the various sessions; G. McNEER masterfully directed the
Panel Discussion.
VIII Foreword
Dr. VERNON RILEY chaired the Conference Commission which assigned
the second Myron Gordon Award to Prof. THOMAS B. FITZPATRICK for
his outstanding and original contributions to pigment cell biology.
The Conference was made possible by the financial assistance of
U. 1. C. C. and of the Bulgarian Government; and by the effective work
of the National Organizing Committee.
We are indebted to Miss BIANCAMARIA CAFARO for her secretarial assi
stance in the organization of the program of the Conference and in the
preparation of this volume; also to Miss BIANCA BATTAGLIA for help in the
editing of the discussion, and to the U.1. C. C. Geneva Office for its great
help in revising the English edition of many manuscripts, and to Springer
Verlag who generously and rapidly carried out the publication of this
volume. .
o.
G. DELLA PORTA and MUHLBOCK
Contents
Terminology of Vertebrate Melanin-Containing Cells, Their Precursors, and
Related Cells: A Report of the Nomenclature Committee of the Sixth
International Pigment Cell Conference .
Biological Aspects of Pigment Cell Research (A. C. J. BURGERS) 6
Control of Melanophores in Amphibians (J. T. BAGNARA) . 16
Chemistry of the Melanocyte-stimulating Hormones (1. 1. GESCHWIND) 28
Interrelation of the Nervous and Endocrine Factors in Regulation of Melano-
cytes (A. A. VOITKEVICH) . 44
Cytological and Ultrastructural Aspects of Amphibian Melanophore Control
(R. R. NovA LES, and B. J. NovA LES) . 52
The Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone and Mammalian Epidermal Melanocytes
(R. S. SNELL, and A. B. LERNER) 59
The Influence of ACTH and MSH on Human Malignant Melanoma Cells in
Vitro (0. MIODUSZEWSKA) . 70
Cytological and Cytophysiological Changes in the Melanocytes of the Human
Iris in Tissue Culture (V. N. PONOMARYOVA) . 73
An Attempt to Isolate Melanin Granules by Gel Filtration (Z. PECHAN, and
J. DUCHON) . 78
A New Separation Procedure for Melatonin in Extracts (F. C. G. VAN DE
VEERDONK) . 82
Discussion (following papers of the first day) 85
The Fine Structure of Melanin Granules (the Early, Mature and Compound
Forms) (P. DROCHMANS) 90
Some Recent Studies on the Subcellular Unit of Melanin Biosynthesis, the
Melanosome (K. ISHIKAWA, T. B. FITZPATRICK, and G. SZABO) . 95
Correlation Between Fine Structure and Activity in Fish Melanophore
(R. FUJII) 114
Subcellular Tyrosinase Activity and Site of Melanogenesis in Melanocytes
(M. SEIJI) 123
Macromolecular Characterizations in Neoplastic and Dysfunctional Human
Melanocytes (Y. MISHIMA) . 133
Studies on the Structure of Some Synthetic Melanins (N. C. ROBSON, and
G. A. SWAN) 155
Investigation on the Structure of Melanin in Malignant Melanoma with 3H_
and 14C-Dopa Labelled at Different Positions (K. HEMPEL) . 162
x Contents
On the Chemical Nature of Urinary Melanogens (J. DucHoN, B. MATOU!;,
Z. PECHAN) . 175
Enzymic, Metabolic, Electron Microscopic, and Clinical Characteristics of
a Human Malignant Blue Nevus (V. RILEY, and G. T. PACK) . 184
Isoenzymes in Melanoma (H. PANDOV, and A. DIKOV) . 199
Histochemical Investigations of Melanotic Tumors (L. SZODORAY, and
C. NAGy-VEZEKENYI) 205
Immunological Studies on the Transplantable Hamster Melanoma (M. BOEvA) 210
Discussion (following papers of the second day) . 211
The Biology of the Malignant Melanocyte (R. RAICHEV) 219
The Developmental Fate of Melanocytes in Murine Skin (W. C. QUEVEDO JR.,
M. C. YOULE, D. T. ROVEE, and T. C. BIENIEKI) 228
Comparative Aspects of the Melanoma of Grey and White Horses, a Unique
Proliferative Disorder of Pigment Production (A. LEvENE) 241
The Tyrosine-positive Amelanotic Melanoma in the Golden Hamster (A.
BOMIRSKI, L. NOWU<!SKA, and F. PAUTSCH). . . . . . . .. 252
o.
Small Pigmented Spots in Hamsters (F. N. GHADIALLY, and ILLMAN) 259
Experimental Melanoma in Hamsters (B. OBERMAN, and M. R. RIVIERE) 268
Changes in the Skin of the Syrian Hamster after a Single Application of
9,10-Dimethyl-l,2-benzanthracene (1. CHERNOZEMSKI) 274
Heterotransplantation of Experimental Melanoma (0. COSTACHEL, 1. Popp,
S. DUMITRESCU, S. MIRONESCU, and M. NACHTIGAL) 280
Discussion (following papers of the third day) . 283
Epidemiology of Malignant Melanoma in Bulgaria (N. ANcHEv, 1. PoPov,
and R. L. IKONOPISOV) . 286
Epidemiology of Melanomas in South Africa (A. G. OETTLE) . 292
Epidemiology of Melanomas in Central Asia (S. B. BALMuKHANov, S. N.
NUGMANOV, and V. A. SMIRNOV) 308
Melanoblastoma in Australia (V. J. McGOVERN) 312
Discussion (following papers on epidemiology) . 316
Prognostic Factors in Malignant Melanoma (U. VERONESI, M. TURRI, and
N. CASCINELLI) 319
The 32p Uptake Test in Malignant Melanoma of the Skin (R. L. IKONOPISOV) 325
Behavior of the Thermodiifference Test and the 32p Cumulative Test in the
Primary Tumor and Metastasis of Melanoblastoma (T. VENKEI) . 329
Clinical Aspects of Malignant Melanoma of the Skin (S. SIMI(~, M. PUTNIK,
and S. NIKOLIC) 332
Clinical Course of Melanoblastomas of the Skin in Children (M. M. NIVIN-
SKAYA) 333
The Treatment of Malignant Melanoma (C. 1. COOLING) 336
Con tens XI
Clinico-experimental Studies on Radiosensitivity of Malignant Melanoma
(A. A. SAHATCHIEV, R. D. RAICHEV, and M. IVANovA) 338
Morphological Changes in Malignant Melanoma Following Contact X-ray
Therapy (Z. V. GOLBERT, N. P. POPLYAN, and P. O. ULYANETSKAYA) 340
Radiation and Combined Treatment of Malignant Melanoma (T. G. LARIO-
SHCHENKO, and T. D. SHCHOLOKOVA) . 341
Combined Treatment of Malignant Melanoma of the Skin (B. KRusTEv, R. L.
IKONOPISOV, ST. KIROV, G. DJUBELIEV, and M. JORDANOV) 342
Prognosis and End Results of Treatment of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
at the Gustave Roussy Institute (J. LAcouR) 344
Clinical and Therapeutic Considerations on Malignant Melanoma (M. SPIRI-
DON, C. LONGHIN, G. SANDRU, and N. TRESTIOREANu) . 351
End Results of Surgical Treatment of Malignant Melanoma (K. SZCYGIEL) 355
Chemo-surgical Treatment of Advanced Cases of Malignant Melanoma
(J. MEYZA, and W. CZERWINSKI) . 356
Clinic on Melanoma (Panel Discussion) . 358
List of Contributors
N. ANCHEV, Oncological Research Institute, Sofia-Darvenitza, Bulgaria.
J. T. BAGNARA, Department of Zoology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona,
U.S.A.
S. B. BALMUKHANOV, Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Alma-Ata, Kaz., USSR.
THERESA C. BIENIEKI, Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, Brown Uni-
versity, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, U.S.A.
MARIA BOEVA, Oncological Research Institute, Sofia-Darvenitza, Bulgaria.
A. BOMIRSKI, Department of Biology, Medical School, Gdansk, Poland.
A. C. J. BURGERS, Zoological Laboratory, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
JEAN B. BURNETT, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massa-
chusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 02114, U.S.A.
N. CAS CINELLI, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy.
A. V. CHAKLIN, Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Experimental
and Clinical Oncology, Moscow B-409, USSR.
Iv. CHERNOZEMSKI, Oncological Research Institute, Sofia-Darvenitza, Bulgaria.
C. I. COOLING, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London S.W. 3, England.
O. COSTACHEL, Oncological Institute, Bucarest, Rumania.
W. CZERWINSKI, Oncological Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
G. DELLA PORTA, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy.
A. DIKOV, Department of Biochemistry, Oncological Research Institute, Sofia
Darvenitza, Bulgaria.
G. DJUBELIEV, Oncological Research Institute, Sofia-Darvenitza, Bulgaria.
P. DROCHMANS, Laboratoire de Cytologie et de Cancchologie Expchimentale, Uni
versite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
J. DucHoN, Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Charles University,
Prague 2, Czechoslovakia.
S. DUMITRESCU, Oncological Institute, Bucarest, Rumania.
T. B. FITZPATRICK, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massa
chusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 02114, U.S.A.
R. FUJII, Division of Biology, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba
shi, Japan.
I. 1. GESCHWIND, Department of Animal Husbandry, University of California
College of Agriculture, Davis, Calif., U.S.A.
F. N. GHADIALLY, Department of Pathology, Sheffield University, Sheffield 10,
England.
Z. V. GOLBERT, Oncological Institute "Po A. Herzen", Moscow, USSR.
J. GREEN, Department of Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
02912, U.S.A.
K. HEMPEL, Institute for Medical Isotope Research of Cologne University, Cologne,
West Germany.