Structural information approaches to tracking in video sequences

296 Pages·2011·24.544 MB·English

by  Goszczynska, Hanna, Lorkovic, I., Smiljanic, T., Sirotic, M., Loza, Artur, Mihaylova, Lyudmila, Wang, Fanglin, Yang, Jie

OBJECT TRACKING
Edited by Hanna Goszczynska
Object Tracking
Edited by Hanna Goszczynska
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2011 InTech
All chapters are Open Access articles distributed under the Creative Commons
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Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors
and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted
for the accuracy of information contained in the published articles. The publisher
assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out
of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.

Publishing Process Manager Ivana Lorkovic
Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic
Cover Designer Martina Sirotic
Image Copyright renkshot, 2010. Used under license from Shutterstock.com
First published February, 2011
Printed in India
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Object Tracking, Edited by Hanna Goszczynska
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-360-6
free online editions of InTech
Books and Journals can be found at
www.intechopen.com

Contents
Preface IX
Part 1 Methods 1
Chapter 1 A Block Matching Technique for Object Tracking
Based on Peripheral Increment Sign Correlation Image 3
Budi Sugandi, Hyoungseop Kim., Joo Kooi Tan and Seiji Ishikawa
Chapter 2 Structural Information Approaches
to Object Tracking in Video Sequences 23
Artur Loza, Lyudmila Mihaylova, Fanglin Wang and Jie Yang
Chapter 3 Bayesian Tracking by Online Co-Training
and Sequential Evolutionary Importance Resampling 49
Lizuo Jin, Zhiguo Bian, Qinhan Xu and Zhengang Chen
Chapter 4 Object Tracking Based on Color Information
Employing Particle Filter Algorithm 69
Budi Sugandi, Hyoungseop Kim, Joo Kooi Tan and Seiji Ishikawa
Chapter 5 Online Learning and Robust
Visual Tracking using Local Features
and Global Appearances of Video Objects 89
Irene Y.H. Gu and Zulfiqar H. Khan
Chapter 6 Switching Local and Covariance Matching
for Efficient Object Tracking 119
Junqiu Wang and Yasushi Yagi
Chapter 7 Fuzzy Control System to Solve Coupling
Between Tracking and Predictive Algorithms 137
Eduardo Parrilla, Jaime Riera, Juan R. Torregrosa and José L. Hueso
Chapter 8 Object Tracking and Indexing
in H.264/AVC Bitstream Domains 159
Muhammad Syah Houari Sabirin and Munchurl Kim
VI Contents
Chapter 9 Accelerating Live Graph-Cut-Based
Object Tracking Using CUDA 177
Ismael Daribo, Zachary A. Garrett, Yuki Takaya and Hideo Saito
Part 2 Applications 199
Chapter 10 Parsing Object Events in Heavy Urban Traffic 201
Yun Zhai, Rogerio Feris, Arun Hampapur,
Stephen Russo and Sharath Pankanti
Chapter 11 Object Tracking in Multiple Cameras with Disjoint Views 209
Pier Luigi Mazzeo and Paolo Spagnolo
Chapter 12 Object Tracking for Calibration
of Distributed Sensors in Intelligent Space 229
Takeshi Sasaki and Hideki Hashimoto
Chapter 13 Image-based Tracking of Deformable Surfaces 245
Anna Hilsmann, David C. Schneider and Peter Eisert
Chapter 14 Tracking of Moving Coronary Artery
Segment in Sequence of X-Ray Images 267
Goszczynska Hanna and Kowalczyk Leszek

Preface
Object tracking consists in estimation of trajectory of moving objects in the sequence
of images. Automation of the computer object tracking is a diffi cult task. Dynamics of
multiple parameters changes representing features and motion of the objects, and tem-
porary partial or full occlusion of the tracked objects have to be considered.
This monograph presents the development of object tracking algorithms, methods and
systems. Both, state of the art of object tracking methods and also the new trends in
research are described in this book. Fourteen chapters are split into two sections. Part
1 presents new theoretical ideas whereas Part 2 presents real-life applications. This
division was not easy because some chapters contain both, methods and applications.
Editor has done at her best to keep the consistency of both Sections.
Part 1 presents the methods based on block matching and object identifi cation using
color and spatial information (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 presents methods that use the
structural similarity measure in deterministic and probabilistic approaches based on
hybrid particle fi lter. There adaptive tracking method is proposed in Chapter 3, which
integrates online semi-supervised classifi cation and particle fi lter. Local features and
global appearances and shape of dynamic objects methods are described in Chapter 4.
Chapter 5 covers local and global tracking using the mean-shift and covariance match-
ing. Fusion of confi dence maps in the visual object tracking procedure is described in
Chapter 6. Solving the occlusion problems by coupling between optical fl ow and pre-
dictive algorithms using fuzzy control system is shown in Chapter 7.
Chapter 8 and Chapter 9 in Part 1 present the application of commercial soft ware and
hardware solutions for object tracking. Chapter 8 presents a method for extraction and
indexing of moving objects in H.264/AVC bitstream domains and Chapter 9 presents
real-time implementation of graph cuts calculation on GPUs using CUDA for simulta-
neous object tracking and segmentation.
Part 2 presents descriptions of the application of automatic object tracking to some spe-
cial purposes. The frameworks targeted for digital video surveillance tasks in urban
environment and over wide-areas such as an airport, downtown of a large city or any
large public area are presented in Chapters 10 and Chapters 11. Automatic calibration
method for distributed sensors by using mobile robots is presented in Chapter 12. The
method for tracking surfaces which deformations are diffi cult to be described, such
as drapery of textiles, facial expressions or complex organ motion in medical image
sequences is presented in Chapter 13. Chapter 14 describes method for coronary artery
segment tracking in angiographic images.
X Preface
Despite the variety of topics contained in this monograph it constitutes a consisted
knowledge in the fi eld of computer object tracking. The intention of editor was to fol-
low up the very quick progress in the developing of methods as well as extension of the
application. Editor thanks the authors for their excellent contributions.
Hanna Goszczynska
Nałęcz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
Polish Academy of Sciences,
Warsaw